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Topic: Jicarilla Apache

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Apache Tribe

Geronimo

	Inde (Apache) Literature
		The Apache are composed of six regional groups: the Western Apache, Chiricahua, Mescalero, Jicarilla, Lipan, and Kiowa Apache.
		The Jicarilla (Tinde) range over southeastern Colorado, northern New Mexico, and northwest Texas, with the Lipan occupying territory directly to the east of the Jicarilla.
		In 1680 the Apache population was estimated at 5,000; in 1989 it was estimated at about 30,000, of whom most live on reservations.
	www.indians.org /welker/apache.htm (590 words)

	Jicarilla Apache origins
		The lack of weapons forced the Apaches to remain close to the foothills year-round and to reduce the use of the fertile plains and river valleys.
		The Jicarilla Apache were allowed the largest land grant, consisting of 1.7 million acres east of the Taos Pueblo, by the Mexican government in 1841.
		In 1851, a treaty was signed between the United States and the Jicarilla Tribe, and plans were further developed to move the Jicarilla Apache away from the predominantly white settlements in northern New Mexico, locating the Tribe west of the Rio Grande River closer to present-day Abiquiu.
	www.jicarilla.net /Origins.htm (1485 words)

	Jicarilla Apache Nation History
		One group, later to be known as the Jicarilla Apaches, settled in the Platte and Arkansas River valleys of Colorado (Denver and Pueblo).
		The exact length of time the Jicarilla Apaches were in the area is unknown, however, it is probable that they had been there since the 1200 to 1300's.
		After this initial contact, the Apaches were largely unaffected by the Spanish presence as the Spanish did not remain as far north as the Apache settlements and ended up settling southern areas such as New Mexico.
	apachenugget.com /History/History.html (1180 words)

	Jicarilla Apache
		The Jicarilla Reservation sits on the Continental Divide, and its almost one million acres is a variety of landscapes.
		The Jicarilla (little basketmakers) are of the Athabascan language group and anthropologists say that these people came from Canada down the eastern flanks of the Rocky Mountains about 1300-1500 AD.
		The capital of the Jicarilla Apache Reservation is Dulce, NM, located about 90 miles east of Farmington, NM on Hwy 64.
	www.ausbcomp.com /redman/jicarilla.htm (832 words)

	Final Environmental Assessment Jicarilla Apache
		A draft environmental (EA) was issued by the USBR in June 1995 that analyzed the renewal of that contract; however, an ongoing assessment of Indian Trust Asset issues kept the document under review and a final EA was not issued.
		Since that time, the Jicarilla Apache Nation expressed an interest in entering into subcontracts with third parties for use of water that has been made available to the Nation through the Jicarilla Apache Water Rights Settlement Act.
		The Jicarilla Apache Nation and PNM have developed an agreement for a water subcontract.
	www.usbr.gov /uc/envdocs/ea/jicarilla/index.html (192 words)

	Apache - MSN Encarta
		The Apache are closely related to the Navajo (Diné); both peoples separated from other Athapaskans in western Canada and migrated to the southwestern United States sometime between 1200 and 1500.
		Apache raids on settlers and migrants crossing their lands continued into the period of American westward expansion and the United States acquisition of New Mexico in 1848.
		The last band of Apache raiders, led in ensuing years by the Chiricahua warrior Geronimo, was hunted down in 1886 and sent first to Florida, then to Alabama, and finally to the Oklahoma Territory, where they settled among the Kiowa-Apache.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761552000/Apache.html (740 words)

	Jicarilla Apache Nation History
		One group, later to be known as the Jicarilla Apaches, settled in the Platte and Arkansas River valleys of Colorado (Denver and Pueblo).
		The exact length of time the Jicarilla Apaches were in the area is unknown, however, it is probable that they had been there since the 1200 to 1300's.
		The Spanish in their written history of the area spoke of the Apache settlements as "old" and long established in appearance, this indicates that the Apaches had been there a couple hundred years in order to have become acclimated to the area (i.e.
	www.apachenugget.com /History/History.html (1180 words)

	Native American Rights Fund, Jicarilla Apache Tribe Education Code (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		With funding for three years from the Kellogg Foundation, NARF was able to provide legal and technical assistance to the Jicarilla Apache Tribe in the development and implementation of an education project intended to significantly increase the Tribe's input into the decision making of the Dulce Independent School District (District).
		The Jicarilla Apache Department of Education (JADE) was designated by the Jicarilla Apache Legislative Council as the department responsible to work with directly with NARF on the project.
		The Act parallels the goals of the Jicarilla Apache Partnership Project in that it implements a policy of collaborative relationships between the NM Public Education Department, NM School Districts and NM tribes to find ways to improve the education status of tribal children.
	www.narf.org /cases/jicarilla.html (533 words)

	APACHE TRIBAL NATION (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The Apache indian history says it was the other way around, that most of the Athapaskan speaking people migrated to the North and a few stayed in their homeland.
		Apache boys were taught to move quickly and quietly through the forest to catch food for their family.
		The first thing an Apache male did before hunting was greased his body with animal fat to keep out the smell of a person and make the person smell like an animal so the animals wouldn't smell the person and run away.
	www.northreadingmass.com /little/apache.htm (4689 words)

	Apache Nation :: Paganality.com :: (yes, it's magik :) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The primitive Apache was a true nomad, a wandering child of Nature, whose birthright was a craving for the warpath with courage and endurance probably exceeded by no other people and with cunning beyond reckoning.
		Many Apache bands were so influenced by the tribes they came into contact that they took on many of their customs and practices.
		Jicarilla Apaches pursued the great buffalo herds like other Plains Indians, mounted on horses they acquired through raids on the Spanish and Pueblos in the late 1600's.
	www.paganality.com /pagan-article-historical-people-apache-nation (2576 words)

	Apache Nation - Crystalinks
		Apache is the collective name for several culturally related tribes of Native Americans, aboriginal inhabitants of North America, who speak a Southern Athabaskan language.
		During their zenith in the SouthWest, two divisions of the Jicarilla Apache were known: the Llanero, or "plains people," and the Hoyero, the "mountain people." They roamed from central and eastern Colorado into western Oklahoma, and as far south as Estancia, New Mexico.
		At Apache Pass in 1862, Cochise and Colorado, with 500 fighters, held their ground against a force of 3000 California volunteers under Carleton until artillery fire was brought to bear on their position.
	www.crystalinks.com /apache.html (3320 words)

	"Beaded Cape" by Courtney Wilson
		The Jicarilla Apache women, unlike other Apache tribes, did not adopt the "camp dress." Prior to acculturation of "white" apparel, the Jicarilla Apache women wore a two-skin deer hide dress that was sewn along the shoulders and down the sides.
		In fact, the name Jicarilla was given by the Spanish and it means "little basket makers." Although the Jicarilla Apache's sold their baskets in the tourist market, sacred items such as the beaded cape would have never been sold for tourism.
		Brian Veho from the Jicarilla Apache Reservation Cultural Center says the geometric pattern was definitely created by a woman, and the deer skin was also tanned by a woman- usually the mother or an aunt.
	xroads.virginia.edu /~MA04/ranger/astor_collection/beadedcape.html (3077 words)

	Jicarilla Apache Indian History
		The Jicarillas were first mentioned by this name early in the 18th century.
		They were regarded as a worthless people by both the Spanish settlers of New Mexico and their American successors, in raids for plunder the worst Apache tribes, more treacherous and cruel and less brave and energetic warriors than the Ute, but equally fond of intoxicants.
		The present divisions of the Jicarilla, as recorded by Mooney (JMS., B. E., 1897), are: Apatsiltlizhihi, Dachizhozhin, Golkahin, Ketsilind, and Saitinde.
	www.accessgenealogy.com /native/tribes/apache/jicarilla.htm (554 words)

	Jicarilla History
		During the latter 1800s, the Jicarilla were divided into two pseudo-moieties, the Ollero or mountain sand people (sáidìndé) who were semi-sedentary farmers, and the Llanero or plains people (gù gàhén) who spent portions of each year hunting bison in the southern Plains.
		The nature of Jicarilla tribal organization and economic lifestyles during the 1800s was heavily influenced by specific historical events beginning in the 1700s.
		Not only were agents very concerned about keeping track of the Jicarilla through ration rolls and scouting patrols, but agency locations were changed several times, forcing the Jicarilla to move in order to obtain their much-needed rations.
	www-personal.umich.edu /~sarhaus/courses/NRE501_W1999/FINAL/BEISELT/Jicarilla99/photo.htm (859 words)

	FR Doc 03-3385
		The Ordinance regulates the control, possession and sale of liquor on the Jicarilla Apache Tribe trust lands, to be in conformity with the laws of the State of New Mexico, where applicable and necessary.
		The Jicarilla Apache Tribe, in furtherance of its economic and social goals, has taken positive steps to regulate retail sales of alcohol and use revenue to combat alcohol abuse and its debilitating effects among individuals and family members within the Jicarilla Apache Reservation.
		All land within the exterior boundaries of the Jicarilla Apache Reservation, all lands held in trust by the United States for the Jicarilla Apache Tribe and all lands held by the Jicarilla Apache Tribe or Nation subject to a restriction against alienation imposed by the United States.
	a257.g.akamaitech.net /7/257/2422/14mar20010800/edocket.access.gpo.gov/2003/03-3385.htm (2942 words)

	Honoring Nations 1999 >> Wildlife and Fisheries Management Program
		The land base of the Jicarilla Apache Tribe boasts numerous quality fishing lakes and is home to some of North America’s largest populations of elk and mule deer.
		Initial funding for the Jicarilla Fish and Wildlife Management Program was sufficient to hire only one wildlife biologist and to establish a small operating budget, but from these humble beginnings, the Program has evolved into one of the largest and most respected fish and wildlife management initiatives on the continent.
		Jicarilla’s reputation for prize-winning populations of elk, mule deer, and trout has led to a substantial increase in revenue from permits and fees.
	www.ksg.harvard.edu /hpaied/hn/hn_1999_fish.htm (911 words)

	About Jicarilla Game and Fish on the Jicarilla Apache Reservation
		The Jicarilla Apache Reservation encompasses 850,000 acres of land, situated in northern New Mexico, just south of the San Juan Mountains, and west of the Chama River valley.
		Dulce is the reservation's sole community, and home to the Jicarilla Apache Nation's headquarters and the majority of the tribal members.
		The Jicarilla is rich in natural resources, including oil and gas, timber, rangelands and wildlife, and the economy of the Jicarilla Apache Nation is based on good stewardship of those resources.
	www.jicarillahunt.com /about.php (403 words)

	Apache Arts
		The Jicarilla Apache basket weaving technique is practiced by few Apache artisans and baskets shown here are becoming a scarce and valuable work of art.
		Jicarilla women made baskets for gathering berries, for carrying prepared foods and depending on the size for carrying kindling wood.
		The final row on these baskets were completed in one day (as is the tradition) to ensure the owner is blessed with a long and prosperous life.
	www.jicarilla.net /baskets.htm (164 words)

	Jicarilla Apache Community Health and Fitness Center
		The Jicarilla Apache Community Health and Fitness Center mission is to encourage active and healthy life styles.
		We work with the Jicarilla Apache Nation to promote healthy living among it members and the surrounding community.
		We offer various health activities and exercise programs at the fitness center to educate and make individuals responsible for their well being.
	www.jicarillahealthfitness.com (100 words)

	Jicarilla Apache Nation :: New Mexico Tourism Department
		The scenic mountains and rugged mesas of northern New Mexico near the Colorado border are the homeland of the Jicarilla Apache Nation.
		The Jicarilla Apache Nation's land is renowned for hunting, fishing, camping, boating and hiking opportunities.
		The nation offers fishing at five beautiful mountain lakes (La Jara, Horse, Stone, Mundo and Embalm) from 30 to 400 acres in size, and harbors thousands of ducks and the greatest variety of waterbirds found in the Southwest.
	www.newmexico.org /place/loc/nativeamerica/page/DB-place/category/300/place/202.html (343 words)

	Merrion v. Jicarilla Apache Tribe, 455 U.S. 130, 102 S.Ct. 894, 71 L.Ed.2d 21 (1982)
		The fact that the Jicarilla Apache Reservation was established by Executive Order rather than by treaty or statute does not affect our analysis; the Tribe's sovereign power is not affected by the manner in which its reservation was created.
		Indeed, when the Tribe attempted to introduce at trial evidence of the services it had provided to establish this relationship, the District Court rejected this evidence upon petitioners' objection that such evidence was irrelevant to their challenge.
		The first Jicarilla Apache Constitution was approved by the Secretary of the Interior in 1937.
	www.utulsa.edu /law/classes/rice/USSCT_Cases/Merrion_v_Jicarilla_Apache_Tribe_455_130.htm (11193 words)

	Apache
		Interestingly, the Apache people actually called themselves the Dine meaning the People, but by other nations they were called the Apache, which is Zuni for “enemy”. They became fierce fighters; they traveled in small bands and became great hunters of buffalo, deer, lizards, and just about any other plains and desert animals.
		This treaty would place the Apaches on an Arizona reservation leaving only small bands of Apache raiders to defend their territory. The Apache raiders were led by Chief Geronimo, who was considered the last great chief of the Apache nation. He and his raiders, terrorized the Southwest until they were finally captured in 1886.
		The Apache culture is similar to the Navaho Nation due to their shared family line. The center of their culture is self-importance. Because of this self-importance, raiding was not only encouraged but was enjoyed.
	www.mnsu.edu /emuseum/cultural/northamerica/apache.html (513 words)

	North Central New Mexico : Eight Northern Pueblos (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		North Central New Mexico is home to the Eight Northern Pueblos and the Jicarilla Apache Tribe.
		The Jicarilla were late-comers to the area, arriving in the late 14th century.
		Jicarilla loosely translates as "basket," reflecting their skill at this regional craft.
	www.newmexiconorth.com /eight.html (350 words)

	Merrion v. Jicarilla Apache Tribe (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Pursuant to long-term leases with the Jicarilla Apache Tribe, petitioners, 21 lessees, extract and produce oil and gas from the Tribe's reservation lands.
		At the time the leases contained in the record were executed, the Jicarilla Apache Constitution contained no taxing authorization whatever; the severance tax ordinance was not enacted until many years after all lessees had been granted an unlimited right to extract oil and gas from the reservation.
		Accordingly, the fact that there is no evidence that the Jicarilla Apache Tribe ever imposed a tax of any kind on a nonmember does not require the conclusion that it has no such taxing power.
	www.utulsa.edu /law/classes/rice/USSCT_Cases/merrion_jicarilla.htm (15261 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The lakes are located amid a picturesque setting of low hills studded with Ponderosa pine and Gambel oak, grasslands thick with sage and pinon pine, with blue mountains rising on the distant horizon.
		The shelter structures on the perimeter of Stone Lake are private property of the Jicarilla Apache Tribe; please, no trespassing.
		With the help of a matching grant from the North American Wetlands Conservation Council, the Jicarilla Apache have been able to protect grassland nesting areas, manage bulrush areas, and build nest structures on tribal wetlands.
	www.wildlife.state.nm.us /publications/documents/jicarilla_lakes_loop.doc (778 words)

	[No title]
		The Representative Tribal Council of the Jicarilla Apache Tribe established in accordance with the said Constitution and By-laws, shall exercise all the corporate powers hereinafter enumerated.
		The termination shall be effective upon ratification by a majority vote at an election in which at least thirty per cent of the adult members of the Tribe residing on the reservation shall vote.
		Submitted by the Assistant Secretary of the Interior for ratification by the Jicarlla Apache Tribe of the Jicarilla Reservation in a popular referendum to be held on September 4, 1937.
	thorpe.ou.edu /IRA/jicchrtr.html (697 words)

	PNM News Release: PNM Water Contract With Jicarilla Apache Nation Finalized
		Albuquerque: PNM announced today that a contract to purchase water from the Jicarilla Apache Nation for use at the San Juan Generating Station (SJGS) has received final approval by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation (BOR) and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
		Early in the season, the shortage was estimated to be potentially as high as 30 percent at Navajo Reservoir.
		PNM’s contract with the Jicarillas will be used as part of the shortage sharing defined in these principles.
	www.pnm.com /news/2003/0623_jicarilla.htm (518 words)

	Apache language, alphabet and pronunciation
		Apache is an Athabaskan (Na-Dene) language spoken by about 15,000 in Arizona and New Mexico.
		There are in fact two Apache languages: Western Apache and Eastern Apache, each of which has a number of dialects, including Jicarilla, Lipan, Kiowa-Apache, Chiricahua, and Mescalero.
		The name Apache probably comes from the Yuma word for "fighting-men" and/or from apachu, which means "enemy" in Zuni.
	www.omniglot.com /writing/apache.htm (142 words)

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