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Topic: Jie Xia dynasty ruler

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	Encyclopedia: Xia Dynasty (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Xia Dynasty resumed hereditary monarchy from the legendary Yellow Emperor times, and began the period of a family or a clan controlling everything in the nation (å®¶å¤©ä¸).
		Xia Dynasty is believed to encompass a territory east to Henan, Shandong and Hebei Provinces, west to Henan and Shanxi, south to Hubei and north to Hebei.
		Jie (Chinese: 桀) was the last emperor of the Xia dynasty of China, and is blamed for its fall.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Xia-Dynasty (2050 words)

	Jie (ruler) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Jie (Chinese: 桀), also spelled Chieh, was the last emperor of the Xia dynasty of China, and is blamed for its fall.
		Records from the later Qin dynasty say that during the last year of Jie's reign, ice formed during the summer mornings and frosts occurred through July.
		Around 1700 BC, Tang, a leader of the Shang people to the east, succeeded in defeating Jie, bringing an end to the Xia dynasty and founding the Shang dynasty.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Jie_(Xia_dynasty_ruler) (172 words)

	Xia Dynasty -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The Xia Dynasty ((additional info and facts about Hanyu Pinyin) Hanyu Pinyin: Xia, (additional info and facts about Wade-Giles) Wade-Giles: Hsia, (Any of the Sino-Tibetan languages spoken in China; regarded as dialects of a single language (even though they are mutually unintelligible) because they share an ideographic writing system) Chinese: 夏朝), ca.
		At a minimum, the Xia period marked an evolutionary stage between the late (Latest part of the Stone Age beginning about 10,000 BC in the middle east (but later elsewhere)) neolithic cultures and the typical Chinese urban civilization of the Shang dynasty.
		Xia Dynasty resumed hereditary monarchy from the legendary (additional info and facts about Yellow Emperor) Yellow Emperor times, and began the period of a family or a clan controlling everything in the nation (家天下).
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/x/xi/xia_dynasty.htm (531 words)

	Ancient Chinese History: Shang Dynasty
		It was a tributary of the Xia kingdom.
		The chief of Shang tribe, Tang, led uprising army and overthrew the Xia Dynasty (The 21st to the 17th century BC).
		From the Xia Dynasty onwards, King was endowed with supreme authority.
	www.warriortours.com /intro/history/shang (822 words)

	Jie the Tyrant
		King Jie should keep in mind how hard his ancestors had worked to establish the dynasty, the minister said, other wise the country was doomed.
		Jie flew into a rage and ordered his attendants to wrest the scroll from Guan and throw it into the fire.
		Jie was forced to flee, but was captured by Tang and kept in exile till he died.
	www.shme.com /culture/legend/xia.htm (773 words)

	Xia Dynasty - InfoSearchPoint.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Xia Dynasty (夏朝 2205 BC - 1806 BC) is the name for the first dynasty to be described in Chinese historical records, which record the names of seventeen kings over fourteen generations.
		Xie Jie, the last ruler, was said to be a corrupted king.
		Yu (禹 yu3) or Xia Yu (夏禹 xia4 yu3) or Da Yu (大禹 da4 yu3)
	www.infosearchpoint.com /display/Xia (262 words)

	Chinese Xia Shang History -- Political, Social, Cultural, Historical Analysis Of China
		Xia people, who later moved from Shanxi to Henan Prov and founded the dynasty of Xia, certainly brought with them the important dragon totem, a mark that would also be observed among the Huns of Mongolia and the Tungus of Manchuria for the thousands of years to come.
		Shang-tang defeated Jie at the ruins of You-song (Yuncheng, Shanxi Prov); Jie fled to Mingtiao (ancient Puzhou prefecture) where he was defeated again by Shang-Tang; Shang-Tang continued on to defeat Jie at Sanchun (Dingtao or Jiyin of ancient Caozhou); and Jie fled to You-cao or Caohu Lake of Anhui Prov in the southeast.
		Xia Chinese remnants, in the opinion of Wang Zhonghan, would evolve into Gui-gang [ghost domain] barbarians who were to fight the Shang Dynasty for hundreds of years till being subdued and then acting as a vassal together with Zhou people's ancestor Count Xi-bo.
	www.uglychinese.org /xiashang.htm (12017 words)

	Jie - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Jie (Chinese: 桀), last ruler of the Xia dynasty
		the Jie (Chinese: 羯) ethnic group of the 3rd and 4th centuries AD the jie (Chinese: 街) or jiedaobanshichu (Chinese: 街道办事处), the subdistrict administrative/political unit of China
		This is a disambiguation page, a list of pages that otherwise might share the same title.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Jie (103 words)

	Search Tuna Report for chinas shang dynasty (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Chou Dynasty and Warring States Temple of the Heavens Sometime around 1027 BC the Shang was conquered by the Chou, a people living to the west in the region of modern Sian....
		Like the previous dynasty, the Shang eventually declined and ended with the ignominious rule of the last Shang king, Chou he was overthrown by King Wen and his son Wu who began the third dynasty of China, the Chou....
		Two important features of this dynasty were the development of a writing system, as revealed in ancient Chinese inscriptions found on tortoise shells and flat cattle bones commonly called oracle bones, and the use of bronze metallurgy....
	www.searchtuna.com /ftlive2/3343.html (3071 words)

	Shang Dynasty
		The Shang dynasty was in place from about 1700 to 1070 B.C.E. Since the last ruler of the Xia dynasty, Jie, was overthrown for ruling selfishly, the first ruler of the Shang, Tang, tried his best to rule fairly.
		Bronze ware was considered throughout the Shang dynasty as a symbol of the elitist and of the ruler and was usually used at banquets and religious ceremonies.
		During the Shang dynasty, rulers were believed to have power because of some divine intent.
	project1.caryacademy.org /ChineseHistory/2004/HistoryAmy/new_page_2.htm (583 words)

	Xi Xia or Western Xia Dynasty -- Political, Social, Cultural, Historical Analysis Of China
		Xixia Dynasty, or Western Xia Dynasty, lasting hundreds of years, was the exception in Chinese history chronicles, namely, there was no separate volume for this dynasty.
		Dangxiang-qiang spread from Lintao [Lintan of Gansu Prov] and Xiping [Xining of Qinghai] in the east to Yehu [Shanshan and Turfan county in New Dominion Prov] in the west.
		Posterior Han Dynasty continued the pacification policy as to the Tanguts, and further seceded Jingzhou (Mizhi county of Shenxi) to Li Yiyin in AD 949 and conferred the title of "zhong shu ling" (minister for central secretariat).
	www.uglychinese.org /xixia.htm (8137 words)

	Chinese history:Xia Dynasty
		The first prehistoric dynasty is said to be Xia, from about the twenty-first to the sixteenth century BC.
		The Xia Dynasty is traditionallly supposed to have begun with the reign of Yu the Great and ended with the fall of Jie,lasting for more than 400 years, from approximately the 21st century BC to a little earlier to the 16th century BC.
		Towards the end of the Xia Dynasty, social contradictions and confict grew sharper.
	www.chinavoc.com /history/xia.htm (346 words)

	Chinese Numismatics in Research µØ®L¬u³f·J¦Ò)
		became the first ruler of the Xia dynasty for his hard working of building canels to control the floods caused by the Yellow River.
		who overthrew the Qin dynasty, permitted the use of coins of lighter weight and private mints as the Qin Panliang was too heavy for practical use.
		Wu-shu coin was proved to be the most convenient coin and became the standard coin of the Han dynasty.
	ykleungt.tripod.com /chistory.htm (1351 words)

	Chinese History - Xia and Shang Dynasties
		There are some archaeologists and historians who believe that the earliest dynasties might actually have been separate cultures in the Yellow River valley region, and that their various descendants wound up essentially retconning their history into forms that synched up with later concepts of government and kingship.
		The last ruler thereof was a fellow by the name of Jie, who was big on entertaining himself and not a whole lot else.
		Jie went to war against several neighbouring states in order to get himself women that he wanted, or to enslave entire populations.
	www.megaloceros.net /hist5.htm (1590 words)

	iqexpand.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Dynasties in Chinese history, for dates and links to more information on their histories and emperors.
		Although his was one of the shortest dynasties in Chinese history, it was also one of the most influential, lending its name to the united country...
		Taiwan Map, Taiwan, Taiwan is used to refer to the Republic of China November 11, 2005 Dynasties in Chinese history Below is a table of the dynasties in Chinese history.
	dynasties_in_chinese_history.iqexpand.com (434 words)

	Red Dynasty (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Cheng Tang defeated Jie, the evil and previous ruler and formed the Shang Dynasty.
		It is important to know that the Zhou dynasty was the second dynasty to rule China and it was the longest dynasty.
		HAN Dynasty 206 BCE-220 CE The Han dynasty is the dynasty that ruled China from 221 BCE to 206
	www.newton.mec.edu /oakhill/sixtwo/red_dynasty.htm (439 words)

	Dynasties of China: Shang Dynasty
		History of Shang dynasty - the second recorded dynasty of the dynasties of China.
		At the end of the Xia, the last ruler Jie was a tyrant who made his people live in misery.
		The chief of the Shang tribe, Tang, led an insurgent army and overthrew the Xia Dynasty (The 21st to the 17th century BC).
	www.travelchinaguide.com /intro/history/shang (900 words)

	Chinese history:The Shang Dynasty (1600-1046 BC)
		Hehas been considered as a model ruler and his example was imitated by every monarch.
		In the whole period of the Slave-Owning System in the Shang Dynasty, struggles for the throne occurred many times, and the internal contradictions of the nobility intensified.
		The account of the fall of the Shang Dynasty that appears in traditional Chinese histories follows closely the story of Xia.
	www.chinavoc.com /history/shang.htm (491 words)

	Xia Dynasty - China History - China
		The Xia Dynasty (Hanyu Pinyin: Xia, Wade-Giles: Hsia, Chinese languageChinese: 夏朝), ca.
		In the MarxismMarxist history common in mainland China, Xia society is considered a slave society (奴隸社會).
		Jie (Xia dynasty ruler)Jie, the last ruler, was said to be a corrupt king.
	www.famouschinese.com /virtual/Xia_Dynasty (523 words)

	xia dynasty (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		2070 BC - 1600 BC, is the first dynasty to be described in Chinese historical records, which record the names of seventeen kings over fourteen generations.
		or Xia Yu (夏禹; xià yǔ) or Da Yu (大禹; dà yǔ)
		or Xia Jie (夏桀 xià jié) or Lu Gui (履癸 lǚ guǐ)
	www.yourencyclopedia.net /Xia_Dynasty.html (272 words)

	Chinese History - Shang Dynasty basic history (www.chinaknowledge.org) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Following traditional historiography, the Shang Dynasty is said to have been a ruling family with a mighty center that dominated over the whole oecumene (the settled part of the world) that reached from the Yellow Sea to the borders of the steppe.
		The term Yin æ®·, that is sometimes used as a synonym for the Shang Dynasty, especially after it had moved to Anyang, seems only to have been a Zhou Dynasty term for the Shang for we can not find the name Yin on the oracle bone (jiagu ç”²éª¨) inscriptions.
		The Zhou claimed to be the heavenly approved, morally outraging successor of the depraved but originally equally heaven-sanctified Shang Dynasty, universal and prestigious ruler of the world.
	www.chinaknowledge.de /History/Myth/shang-basics.html (651 words)

	Can China Avoid the Soviet Union's Fate? \| Asian American Issues \| GoldSea
		Shao Kang, the seventh emperor of the Xia Dynasty, had been an official in charge of the kitchen service for Youyushi before the Xia Dynasty was founded.
		In the late Shang Dynasty (16th century B.C. ¨C 11th century B.C.), the government became corrupt and held lavish banquets and feasts in the palace.
		Chinese imperial food originated around the Zhou Dynasty (11th century B.C. Although China¡¯s dietetic culture developed and grew prior to the Zhou Dynasty, it truly flourished during the Zhou, Qin, and Han dynasties (1122 B.C. The Spring and Autumn Period witnessed an unprecedented development in the history of Chinese thinking.
	goldsea.com /Air/Issues/China/china_20714.html (1714 words)

	Ethics of China 7 BC To 1279 by Sanderson Beck
		Yang Guang, the second son of Wen Di, was the official commander in the Chen war and became the ruler of the conquered territory in 589.
		In 690 Empress Wu inaugurated the Zhou dynasty, proclaimed herself an incarnation of the future Buddha Maitreya, and made Luoyang the "holy capital." In 693 she replaced the compulsory Dao De Jing in the curriculum temporarily with her own Rules for Officials.
		After the collapse of the Tang dynasty in 907, northern China was ruled by a sequence of five dynasties until 960-Later Liang 907-23, Later Tang 923-36, Later Jin 936-46, Later Han 946-50, and Later Zhou 951-60.
	www.san.beck.org /AB3-China.html (20851 words)

	The Epoch Times \| Epoch Times Commentaries on the Communist Party — Part 6
		Thereafter, Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism became complementary beliefs in Chinese society, bringing the Tang Dynasty (618-907 A.D.) to the peak of its glory and prosperity, as is known to all under heaven.
		Accepting the mandate of heaven means that rulers have to be wise, follow the Tao and be attuned to destiny.
		Initially built in 1186 in the Jin Dynasty, it became a summer resort for imperial families during the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties.
	english.epochtimes.com /news/4-12-20/25087.html (12495 words)

	Stories from History: Emperor Tai Zong of the Tang Dynasty, a Monarch of Great Virtue \| Clearharmony - Falundafa in ...
		Emperor Yang praised the two sage kings, Yao and Shun, and he condemned the two tyrant kings, Jie of the Xia Dynasty and Zhou of the Shang Dynasty.
		Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty was arrogant and shut himself off from feedback because he knew he was very smart and talented.
		You are welcome to print and circulate all articles published on Clearharmony and their content, but please quote the source.
	www.clearharmony.net /articles/200506/27105.html (786 words)

	Jie - China-related Topics JI-JL - China-Related Topics
		Jie - China-related Topics JI-JL - China-Related Topics
		Jie (Xia dynasty ruler)Jie (Chinese languageChinese: 桀), last ruler of the Xia dynasty
		the Jie (ethnic group)Jie (Chinese languageChinese: 羯) ethnic group of the 3rd and 4th centuries AD the jie administrative unit of the People's Republic of China
	www.famouschinese.com /virtual/Jie (133 words)

	Jie - Wikpedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		the Jie (Chinese: 羯) ethnic group of the 3rd and 4th centuries AD
		This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title.
		This page was last modified 18:39, 27 Feb 2005.
	www.bostoncoop.net /~tpryor/wiki/index.php?title=Jie (84 words)

	Chinese History - Xia Dynasty rulers (www.chinaknowledge.org)
		Jie å¸æ¡, also called Gui å¸ç¸ or LÃ¼ Gui "Succeeding X" å±¥ç¸
		After his dethronement by Cheng Tang LÃ¼ ææ¹¯, Marquis of Shang å•ä¾¯å±¥, Jie is dwelling in Nanchao å—å·¢, his descendants were enfeoffed with the fiefdom of Qi æ as dukes of Donglou æ±æ¨“å¬.
		In Chinese, the one-syllable names of antique rulers* are preceded by the term "divine ancestor" (di å¸), although they are often called "king".
	www.chinaknowledge.de /History/Myth/xia-rulers.html (363 words)

	Mirabilis.ca: April 2004 Archives (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Tradition also states that the first Polish ruler Prince Mieszko The First (960-992), along with his court was baptized on Easter Monday in 966.
		Across southern Iraq, often in the dead of night, tomb raiders and temple thieves are systematically looting ancient treasures that have lain undiscovered for thousands of years.
		Using spades and working by the light of makeshift petrol lamps, armed gangs are digging into the shifting sands at the edges of the Euphrates river plain to spirit away priceless artefacts buried with the Sumerian dynasties 5,000 years ago.
	www.mirabilis.ca /archives/2004_04.html (13543 words)

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