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Topic: Jihan Shah

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	Kara Koyunlu - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Jihan Shah made peace with the Timurid Shah Rukh, however, this soon fell apart.
		Though much territory was gained during his rule, Jihan Shah's reign was troubled by his rebellious sons and the almost autonomous rulers of Baghdad, whom he expelled in 1464.
		In 1466, Jihan Shah attempted to take Diyar Bakr from the White Sheep Turkomans, however, this was a catastrophic failure resulting on Jihan Shah's death and the collapse of the Black Sheep Turkoman's control in the Middle East.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Black_Sheep_Turkmen (338 words)

	Les grandes dates du Kurdistan
		In Erzinjan the Shah of Khwarizm is defeated by the Rum Seljukids.
		The beylik of Germiyan is annexed by Bayezid the Ottoman, Sulayman Shah's son-in-law.
		Shah Isma�l defeats the Ottoman Sultan Murad in Hamadhan.
	perso.wanadoo.fr /kurdistannameh/histoire/chronology.htm (878 words)

	kara
		1438-67) established a temporary peace with the Timurid Shah Rokh, who had helped him gain the Kara Koyunlu throne; but after Shah Rokh 's death in 1447, Jihan Shah annexed portions of Iraq and the eastern coast of the Arabian Peninsula as well as Timurid western Iran.
		Jihan Shah 's rule was repeatedly troubled, however, by his rebellious sons and by the semiautonomous Kara Koyunlu rulers of Baghdad, whom he expelled in 1464.
		An attempt to take Diyar Bakr from the Ak Koyunlu in 1466 ended in Jihan Shah 's defeat and death, and within two years the Kara Koyunlu succumbed to the superior Ak Koyunlu forces.
	www.angelfire.com /nt/Gilgamesh/kara.html (289 words)

	T.C. Kultur Bakanligi / Ministry of Culture, Republic of Turkey
		It was during the reign of Suqman II (1128-�� 1185), that the Shah Armens State reached its zenith.
		The struggle for power between the Qaraqoyunlu beys (local rulers) was won by Jihan Shah, who then had to deal with the Aqqoyunlus and the Chagatayids.
		After the death of Jihan Shah the area passed into the hands of the Aqqoyunlus.
	www.discoverturkey.com /english/yeni/van/turkish_period.html (1088 words)

	Jahan Shah --� Encyclop�dia Britannica (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The inscriptions are to Nezam Shah Borhan II, 1591; Shah Jahan, son of Shah Jahangir, 1641; and Fath 'Ali Shah, 1826.
		Shah Jahan was the Mughal emperor of India from 1628 until 1658.
		She was Arjumand Banu Begum (begum is a title for a Muslim woman of high social rank), the favorite wife of Shah Jahan, who was the Muslim ruler of India's Mughal Empire from 1628 to 1658.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article?tocId=9043245 (741 words)

	MuslimHeritage.com - Topics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		This world landmark was built in memory of the favourite wife of Shah Jihan, Mumtaz Mahal [7], who died prematurely in 1631.
		Stories of the grief of the emperor say that he wept so much that his eyes were swollen and he had to wear spectacles to hide them [8], and his grief was so great that his hair is said to have turned white in just few days after her death [9].
		Jiarazbhoy was adamant that Ustad Ahmad, a native of Lahore who was the chief architect of Shah Jahan, was entrusted with the design as stated by his sons [22].
	www.muslimheritageconsulting.com /topics/default.cfm?ArticleID=450 (3351 words)

	Black Sheep Turkmen (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Jihan Shah made peace with the Timurid Shah Rokh, however, this soon fell apart.
		When Rokh died in 1447, the Black Sheep Turkmen annexed portions of Iraq and the eastern coast of the Arabian Peninsula, as well as Timurid controlled western Iran.
		In 1466, Jihan Shah attempted to take Diyar Bakr from the White Sheep Turkmen, however, this was a catastrophic failure resulting on Jihan Shah's death and the collapse of the Black Sheep Turkmen's control in the Middle East.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/black_sheep_turkmen (371 words)

	IRVAJ English - (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		As every year since 1980, she flew to the Egyptian Capital with several members of the family and close friends and was accompanied by Mrs.
		Jihan Sadat, the widow of the late Egyptian president, assassinated by an Islamist fundamentalist after he established official relations with Israel.
		Princess Farahnaz, the late Shah�s eldest daughter, accompanied her mother during the private prayers.
	www.iranvajahan.net /cgi-bin/news_en.pl?l=en&y=2003&m=07&d=29&a=2 (353 words)

	T.C. Kultur Bakanligi / Ministry of Culture, Republic of Turkey
		The traveller Evliya �elebi provides inrerescing informarion about the Great Mosque at Van: �The Great Mosgue which war subsequently built in rhe Lower Castle was the work of Ak�akayunlu Jihan Shah, one of the rulers of Azerbaidjan.
		Aslanapa considers that the mosque could have been built in the first reign of the Karakoyunlu ruler, Kara Yusuf, that is, between 1389 and 1400 but it is known that the Van area was ruled by �zzeddin �ir, Bey of Hakkari, at that time.
		At this juncture it should be pointed out that Shah Jihan was not an Akkoyunlu but a Karakoyunlu who ruled between 1438 and 1467.
	www.discoverturkey.com /english/yeni/van/great_mosque.html (969 words)

	Paradox Interactive Forums - The Last Mongol
		Shah Rukh tried unsuccessfully to drive the enemy from Hamadan, and was he was forced to return to Tabaristan.
		Shah Rukh saw the futility of attempting a two front war against determined foes, and quickly made a white peace with Kara Koyunlu.
		With a stroke of luck, Shah Rukh was able to arrange a separate white peace with the Golden Horde, whose troops made up the bulk of the attacking armies on January 19, 1430.
	www.europa-universalis.com /forum/showthread.php?t=105271&goto=nextnewest (3073 words)

	Ak Koyunlu - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		For a long time, the White Sheep Turkomans were unable to expand their territory, as the rival Black Sheep Turkoman kept them at bay.
		However, this changed with the rule of Uzun Hasan, who defeated the Black Sheep Turkoman leader, Jihan Shah, in 1467.
		After the defeat of a Timurid leader, Abu Sai'd, Uzun Hasan was able to take Baghdad, along with territories around the Persian Gulf.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/White_Sheep_Turkmen (435 words)

	Iran News - Farah: Iran will 'regain freedom' with new regime (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Mohammad Reza Pahlavi was forced into exile in January 1979 during the Islamic revolution, and lived in Egypt as a guest of the late president Anwar Sadat.
		The group then headed to Al-Rifai mosque in northern Cairo where the shah is buried and where hundreds of flower bundles were already placed near the white marble tomb.
		The shah, who had already been married twice, met Farah Diba in France in the mid-1950s while making visits to Iranian students.
	www.iranmania.com /news/ArticleView?ArchiveNews=Yes&NewsCode=11333&NewsKind=CurrentAffairs (1015 words)

	Wheels Within Wheels
		They were stolen by the bitch, Mumtaz Mahal, who took the love of Shah Jihan and held it in her closed fist refusing even the smallest share to any other woman.
		Shah Jihan had ordered his entire court into mourning.
		It betokened the self-imposed withdrawal of her perfidious husband, Shah Jihan, into permanent grief and mourning.
	www.ancientworlds.net /501977 (1149 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		1438-67) established a temporary peace with the Timurid Shah Rokh, who had helped him gain the Kara Koyunlu throne; but after Shah Rokh's death in 1447, Jihan Shah annexed portions of Iraq and the eastern coast of the Arabian Peninsula as well as Timurid western Iran.
		Jihan Shah's rule was repeatedly troubled, however, by his rebellious sons and by the semiautonomous Kara Koyunlu rulers of Baghdad, whom he expelled in 1464.
		An attempt to take Diyar Bakr from the Ak Koyunlu in 1466 ended in Jihan Shah's defeat and death, and within two years the Kara Koyunlu succumbed to the superior Ak Koyunlu forces.
	www.kirkuk.us /Kara.htm (779 words)

	Journal 2002 Isfahan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Was the Isfahan of Shah Abbas� time the result of a grand plan, masterminded by Abbas himself; or was it the result of a gradual evolution, accelerated by Isfahan�s new role as the capital city of a successful empire?
		For example he was present at the planting of every tree along the Chahar Bagh to lay coins at the roots, and to mark the beginning of construction of the Royal Mosque, it is said that he personally wrote a poem.
		We know that the Shah himself had to negotiate and compensate a man living on the site of the Royal mosque before construction could go ahead, implying that he did not have a totally free rein to build.
	www.iransoc.dircon.co.uk /WebPage923.html (3872 words)

	Tierra de Realidad Chapter 25 Past Lives? - www.ezboard.com
		Shah Jihan had just returned from his long journeys and was greeted by his first wife.
		Immediately Jihan sat up erect at the site of his beloved and their first child entering the room.
		Mumtaz waited patiently in Jihan�s room feeling a new sense of pity for his first wife and awe at her own relationship with Jihan.
	p073.ezboard.com /ffiestaderickymartinfrm160.showMessage?topicID=56.topic (1798 words)

	::Kal Ho Naa Ho Interview:: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Preity Zinta pertama kali bermain dengan Shah Rukh difilm Dil Se, dia berkata � Shah Rukh seperti pembangkit tenaga listrik, dia adalah seorang aktor yang tidak pernah melihat dirinya sendiri, dia selalu memperhatikan orang-orang disekitarnya.
		Shah Rukh : � Tidak, saya tidak membaca naskahnya, saya langsung mulai syuting�.
		Shah Rukh : [ dengan wajah yang tidak berekspresi ] � Ya�.saya memang tidak membaca naskahnya.
	shahrukh.bravepages.com /interview1.htm (501 words)

	Chapter Knights of the Ermine <i>to</i> Kolao of K by Brewer's Readers Handbook
		The shah Jihan sent it to Hortensio Borgio to be cut, but the Venetian lapidary reduced it from 793 5/8 carats to 186, and left it dull and lustre-less.
		There is another diamond of the same name belonging to the shah of Persia.
		He had a son who died in early youth, and he went to Pat-Koot- Parout to crave his, son’s restoration to life.
	www.bibliomania.com /2/3/174/1121/14788/3.html (370 words)

	The Tymarian Sun
		Although, Ras Markle is considered as one of the all time greatest citizens of Attera-Macusiaa, he fell out of favor for not maintaining a sense of discipline during various crises, and for his creation of an independent Makonnia, despite the wishes of the entire Imperial Rasinate.
		In Babkha, the Shah among others rallied to a call to war and made further inflammatory statements that were viewed by the Ministry of Defense as a preparation for an actual attack on Tymaria itself.
		I confirm that the sovereign of the IRQM, Jihan I, receives the position of Dame Grand Cross of the Sovereign Order, with the privilege of being addressed as 'Her Magnificence' and the suffixed initials DGC.
	www.tymar-sun.0pi.com /tymar-sun7.htm (2470 words)

	Untitled
		A reference in the Koran where the Prophet describes the throne of God as a dome of white pearl is thought to be the inspiration for the domes of the Taj Mahal.
		The Taj Mahal is a tomb for Shah Jihan�s wife Mumtaz Mahal, who died after childbirth.
		My first view of the stunning Taj Mahal, built 1631 to 1648 by Emperor Jihan to hold the tomb of his favorite wife Mumtaz Mahal.
	www.jimrogers.com /content/stories/story_20010125.html (264 words)

	India's Golden Triangle (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Within the Red Fort, be sure to go inside the exquisite marble Moti Masjid, the so-called Pearl Mosque, built by Shah Jihan as a forerunner of the Taj Mahal and a little jewel on its own merits.
		In New Delhi, built largely by the British as their colonial administrative center, the vast hilltop containing the former Viceregal Lodge (now the official residence of India's Prime Minister), the house of Parliament, and the Memorial Gate is worth a visit.
		India's greatest poet, Rabindra Tagore, was not indulging in poetic hype when he described the Taj as "a teardrop on the cheek of eternity." Built by grief stricken Shah Jihan to commemorate the death in childbirth of his beloved wife, Mumtaz Mahal, it is unquestionably the worlds most beautiful mausoleum.
	www.romartraveler.com /RomarPages/INDIA.html (1625 words)

	Ak
		The strong presence of the Kara Koyunlu ("Black Sheep"), a rival Turkmen federation, in western Iran and Azerbaijan temporarily checked any expansion, but the rule of Uzun Hasan (1452-78) brought the Ak Koyunlu to fresh prominence.
		With the defeat of Jihan Shah, the Kara Koyunlu leader, in 1467 and the defeat of Abu Sa'id, the Timurid, in 1468, Uzun Hasan was able to take Baghdad, the Persian Gulf, and Iran as far east as Khorasan.
		The Ottoman Turks were simultaneously (1466-68) moving eastward in Anatolia, threatening Ak Koyunlu domains and forcing Uzun Hasan into an alliance with the Qaramanids of central Anatolia.
	www.angelfire.com /nt/Gilgamesh/ak.html (374 words)

	A Year Amongst the Persians: Isfahan
		Of the three battle scenes, one represented the rout of the Uzbegs by the Persian army; another, an engagement between the Persians and the Ottoman Turks under Selim I, and the third, one of the wars of Nadir Shah with the Indians.
		In 1852, in consequence of the violent persecution of the Babis which followed the attempt on the Shah's life, the headquarters of the sect were transferred to Baghdad.
		The Shah consented to grant a reprieve, and telegraphed to the Zillu's-Sultan to that effect, but too late to stop the execution of the sentence.
	bahai-library.com /books/ayatp/ayatp.08.html (6128 words)

	Project South Asia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Introduction-March from Agra-Ruins of Kumal Khan's palace-Kagarol-Sepou-Baree-Moohuniedan tombs-Marauding chiefs-Hunting seat of Shah Jihan-Siree-Muttra-Dreary country-Visit of the Raja-Dholpoor Wukeel-March-Kiruolee-Bad weather-Halt.
		He informed me that an attack had been made upon the town a short time before by a party of plunderers in the service of Ram Pal and Bukhshee Goojur, two notorious marauding chieftains; and that they had been beaten off, with some loss, but were still encamped in the neighbourhood.
		It is situated in the midst of an extensive plain, about two miles from the town.
	projectsouthasia.sdstate.edu /docs/HISTORY/primarydocs/Marathas/MahrattaCamp.htm (3591 words)

	sunniforum.com - Naqshbandi and Moulana Roumi
		About Shah Naqshbandi, I know a lot, lot more but i cant quote that all here as it goes on and on and on about Sufism and Tasawwuf.
		My problem is this: I am doing a little research on my family history and somehwere in the 'Shijra' it says that Hazrat Bahuddin Muhammed Wald Naqshbandi was the father of Moulana Jalaluddin Muhammed ar- Roumi known as "Moulana Roumi".
		I know that Muhammed Bahuddin Shah Naqshbandi was a Naqshbandi Sufi saint and the Naqshbandi sufi trace their link to Abu-Bakr As Siddiq (R.A).
	www.sunniforum.com /forum/printthread.php?t=807 (1164 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The strong presence of the Kara Koyunlu (in Turkish language means Black Sheep), a rival Turkmen federation, in western Iran and Azerbaijan temporarily checked any expansion, but the rule of Uzun Hassan (1452-78) brought the Ak Koyunlu to fresh prominence.
		With the defeat of Jihan Shah, the Kara Koyunlu leader, in 1467 and the defeat of Abu Sa'id, the Timurid, in 1468, Uzun Hassan was able to take Baghdad, the Persian Gulf, and Iran as Far East as Khorasan.
		The Ottoman Turks were simultaneously (1466-68) moving eastward in Anatolia, threatening Ak Koyunlu domains and forcing Uzun Hassan into an alliance with the Qaramanids of central Anatolia.
	www.kirkuk.us /Ak.htm (380 words)

	Safavid and Ottoman Eras
		Construction on the Taj Mahal by Mughal Shah Jihan was begun, a monument built to honor his favorite wife Mumtaz ("the excellent").
		The Young Turk movement was born from the ashes of the Young Ottoman movement.
		In Iran, Shah Nasir al-Din's harem erupted in open rebellion against him when his 1,600 wives, concubines, and eunuchs swore an oath to renounce the smoking of tobacco in protest against oppressive taxation and the Shah's arbitrary confiscation of private fortunes.
	www.nmhschool.org /tthornton/mehistorydatabase/safavid_and_ottoman_eras.htm (6417 words)

	A Year Amongst the Persians: Shiraz
		Fath 'Ali Shah had no sooner mounted the throne than he proceeded to execute the last behest of his predecessor.
		blood, Fath 'Ali Shah remembered that the fl sin which he was now visiting on the innocent progeny of the criminal had after all been perpetrated in his interests and for the consolidation of his power.
		One very pretty room conhined a portrait of Nasiru'd-Din Shah, painted at the beginning of his reign, while the ceiling was adorned with representations of female figures.
	bahai-library.com /books/ayatp/ayatp.10.html (10693 words)

	Empire of Trebizond - Iridis Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		For example, Manuel III, who succeeded his father Alexius III as emperor in 1390, had allied himself with Timur Lenk, and benefited from the Turkish defeat at the Battle of Ankara in 1402.
		His son Alexius IV married two of his daughters to Jihan Shah, khan of the Black Sheep Turkmen, and to Ali Beg, khan of the White Sheep Turkmen ; while his eldest daughter Maria became the third wife of the Byzantine Emperor John VIII Palaeologus.
		John IV could not help but see his Empire would soon share the same fate as Constantinople.
	www.iridis.com /Empire_of_Trebizond (513 words)

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