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Topic: Jirecek Line

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	Jireček Line - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Jireček Line is an imaginary line through the ancient Balkans that divided the influences of the Latin (in the north) and Greek (in the south) languages until the 4th century.
		The placing of the line is based on archaeological findings: most of the inscriptions found to the north of it were written in Latin, while most of the inscriptions found to the south were in Greek.
		This line is important in establishing the place where the Romanian and Aromanian people were formed (see Origin of Romanians), since it is considered unlikely that a Latin people formed on the south of it.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Jirecek_Line (205 words)

	Race and Language. Edward Augustus Freeman. 1909-14. Essays: English and American. The Harvard Classics
		The plain fact is that the new lines of scientific and historical inquiry which have been opened in modern times have had a distinct and deep effect upon the politics of the age.
		I say in the male line, because anyone who is descended from any English king can prove such descent, though he can prove it only through a long and complicated web of female successions.
		The line of the Scipios, of the Cæsars, and of the Antonines was continued by adoption; and for all practical purposes the nations of the earth have agreed to follow the examples set them by their masters.
	www.bartleby.com /28/10.html (17612 words)

	THE BOGOMILS OF BULGARIA AND BOSNIA PART III
		Both Jirecek and Hilferding give minute accounts of' this division of' the Bogomils and of the initiatory rites of' the Perfecti, quoting largely from the Sclavonic and Byzantine writers already referred to, and their statements are corroborated by Regnier or Reinero, Petrus Monachus, a Cistercian monk who wrote a history of the.
		Jirecek's words are: "Es war fur Bogomil keine schwere aufgabe, das unlangst erst dem Heidenthume entruckte volk fur eine Glaubenslehre zu gewinnen, welche, gleich dem alten slawischen Mythus von den Bosi und Besi, lehrtdass es zweierlei hohere Wesen gebe, namlich einen guten und einen losen Gott." (Geschichte der Bulgaren, p.175.
		Jirecek speaks of the constant tendency of' the Bogmils toward a purer orthodoxy, and states that one of the Italian Bogomil elders—Giovanni di Lugio—taught of the real humanity of Christ and accepted the entire Old Testament
	home.gci.net /~wltullos/bogomils3.htm (7353 words)

	Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology \| Full text \| Corticotropin-releasing hormone, its binding protein and receptors ...
		In line with CRH-BP and CRH-R1 data, the highest expression of CRH-R2 mRNA was in the non-pregnant cervix (Figure 3B).
		In line with the results regarding cervical tissue, there were significantly higher CRH-BP mRNA expression levels in the non-pregnant corpus compared to pregnant not in labor (p = 0.02) and in labor (p = 0.03) (data not shown).
		Jirecek S, Tringler B, Knofler M, Bauer S, Topcuoglu A, Egarter C: Detection of corticotropin-releasing hormone receptors R1 and R2 (CRH-R1, CRH-R2) using fluorescence immunohistochemistry in the myometrium of women delivering preterm or at term.
	www.rbej.com /content/4/1/29 (5826 words)

	Dacians. Romanians. Albanians - continuity and migrations
		- The delimitation between the areas of iinfluence of the two languages, Latin and Greek, is the so called Jirecek line - it starts in middle Albania, passes near Skopje and then it is identified with the Balkan Mountains.
		We know that, since the last centuries of the first millenium, the Romanians could also be found south of the line, but these certainly came from the north.
		We have identified, earlier, the Balkan Mountains as the Southern limit (the Jirecek line).
	www.geocities.com /cogaionon/article9.htm (4424 words)

	spulaha (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Suflay and Jirecek fail to note that the absence of a stable and lasting Albanian state contributed to the lack of coincidence between the political and the ethnic boundaries of the Albanian people.
		It is at this period that the Serb autonomous Patriarchat (a religious institution autonomous from the Papacy and from the Patriarchat of Constantinople) with its main center in Peja is founded.
		These cases make unacceptable the viewpoint of Jirecek who had said that the Albanians in the North must be identified with the Catholicism and as a consequence, Catholicism must be identified as ‘the religion of the Albanians.’ This point of view is very narrow and exclusivist.
	members.aol.com /dxhezo/spulaha.htm (18124 words)

	On Hungarian-Serbian Relations in the 13th Century: John Angelos and Queen Jelena" by Gordon McDaniel
		However, I would like to follow a suggestion of K. Jirecek that Maria and Anselm de Keu might be the same as Maria and Anselm de Chau (16), based upon the confirmation of the marriage of Anselm de Keu and Maria issued by Innocent IV's successor, Alexander IV.
		In an exhaustive examination of the question of Jelena's ancestry, K. Mijatovic proposed the hypothesis that Jelena and Maria were the daughters of either Elizabeth of Montague or Raul of Courtenay.
		Jirecek concurred with Mijatovic's dismissal of such theories as Jelena being the daughter of Baldwin II or Louis IX, but not with the proposal about Raoul or Elizabeth of Courtenay.
	feefhs.org /YU/SERBIA/hist/jelena.html (3432 words)

	Jirecek_Otto (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Marshal Jirecek, who was on call twenty-four hours a day, stopped the car to get into the back seat.
		Jirecek was survived by his wife Mary and two children, Robert, 11, and Otto, Jr., 9.
		Otto Jirecek's name is inscribed on the National Law Enforcement Officers Memorial Wall, Judiciary Square, Washington, D.C., on panel 46, east wall, line 3.
	www.policememorialsociety.org /Officer_pages/jirecek_otto.htm (277 words)

	Kosovo, Origins: Serbs, Albanians and Vlachs - Noel Malcolm
		For a tribal population with a fairly low level of material culture, reaching the line of the Danube and looking south was the equivalent of a hungry man pressing his face against the window of a grocery.
		But there is one intriguing line of argument to suggest that the Slav presence in Kosovo and the southernmost part of the Morava valley may have been quite weak in the first one or two centuries of Slav settlement.
		[31] And one other line of argument, which tries to find striking similarities between Albanian social practices and what classical authors tell us about the Illyrians, must also be described as inconclusive.
	www.kroraina.com /knigi/en/nm/kosovo.html (8090 words)

	Prologue to Kosovo: The Era of Prince Lazar
		It was this familial relationship that led Jirecek to argue that although Lazar was not the autocrat of all Serbia, he was the head of a family alliance.
		Lazar was the first secular figure to become a saint in Serbia after 200 years of the Nemanjici.32 This perhaps helps us to understand the concern of his eulogists to emphasize the family ties between Lazar and the "saintly-born" dynasty of the Nemanjici.
		If Prince Lazar could be viewed as part of a continuous line of authority that had begun with the Nemanjici and that would continue after Lazar, it might be possible to overcome the sense of disorder and chaos which had characterized the troubled years 1355-1389.
	www.srpska-mreza.com /bookstore/kosovo/kosovo10.htm (4399 words)

	Modern History Sourcebook: Edward Augustus Freeman (1823-92): Race And Language, 1879
		The doctrine of race, and of symphaties springing from race, must have taken very firm hold indeed of men's minds before it could be carried out in a shape which we are tempted to call so grotesque as this.
		Natural kindred was the groundwork, the leading and determining idea; but, by one of those legal fictions which have such an influence on all institutions adoption was in certain cases allowed to count as natural kindred.
		The line of the Scipios, of the Caesars, and of the Antonines was continued by adoption; and for all practical purposes the nations of the earth have agreed to follow the examples set them by their masters.
	www.fordham.edu /halsall/mod/freeman-race.html (15040 words)

	glutathione and chemotherapy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Glutathione (GSH) levels were measured in 13 human tumor cell lines derived from carcinomas of the bladder, ovary, and colon and from melanoma and glioblastoma.
		The average GSH concentration in the bladder cell lines was approximately 6-fold higher than in the non-bladder cell lines.
		It is well known that the dicarboximide fungicides, vinclozolin and iprodione, induce lipid peroxidation by means of oxygen activation in fungi, but their action on mammalian cells is not yet clear.
	www.tellpharm.com /products/CACHEXON/New_Uses/chemotherapy/1998.html (17912 words)

	NL21_2: The Vlachs of Greece (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.tamu.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The so called Jirecek line demarcating the spheres of Latin and Greek influence lies to the north of most of the areas of Vlach speech today, but when the Danube frontier broke at the beginning of the seventh century Latin speakers would be pushed or would push with the invading Slavs further to the South.
		This was established by field workers in the team led by J. Kramer and recorded in Balkan-Archiv 1 and 2 (1976 and 1977), pp 7-78, 91-180.
		This is the line taken by A. Angelopoulos, "Population Studies of Greece Today According to National Consciousness and Religion," Balkan Studies 20 (1979, pp 123-132, reprinted in B. Kondis, ed, Macedonia Past and Present, (Salonica, 1992) as if it were the last word on the subject.
	www.farsarotul.org.cob-web.org:8888 /nl21_2.htm (4925 words)

	The Battle of Kosovo
		This victory was perhaps the Ottomans' most important success before their conquest of Constantinople in 1453, for the valley of the Marica River opened their way to the rest of the Balkans.
		The rise of the Ottoman Turks from a small warrior state on the Asian frontiers of the Byzantine Empire to a formidable empire of their own in both Asia and Europe is a phenomenal story.
		and having penetrated the enemy lines and the circle of chained camels, heroically reached the tent of Amurat himself.
	www.deremilitari.org /resources/articles/emmert.htm (9554 words)

	Voynich MS - Biographies
		This is from a reply by the Czechoslovak State Archives to an inquiry by W. Voynich, in 1921.
		For his correspondence, see all articles by Fletcher, but especially the on-line project by the IMSS in Florence: >> The correspondence of Athanasius Kircher.
		Haakman (1991) argues that Kircher included such statements in his autobiography with the aim to be canonized after his death.
	www.voynich.nu /curricula.html (9337 words)

	Origin of Albanians - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.tamu.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The other is that the Albanian language is the descendant of an Illyrian language that was spoken north of the Jireček Line and probably north or northeast of Albania.
		The Jireček Line divides the areas of the Balkans which were under Latin and Greek influence.
		As the Jireček Line shows, if Albanians were continuously settled throughout Albania since Illyrian times, they would have been, in the south, in more or less constant contact with the Greeks, and the absence or scarcity of definite loans from ancient Greek is hard to explain within the context of Albanian continuity.
	en.wikipedia.org.cob-web.org:8888 /wiki/Origin_of_Albanians (1855 words)

	Macedonian History » Macedonia on the Web Articles
		Constantine Jirecek was an eminent Czech historian of the 19th century who, thanks to the valuable services he rendered to the Bulgarian nationality through his writings, was invited in Sofia to become minister of national education.
		Even though his delimitation was applicable mostly to the early years of the Byzantine Empire, namely to the period before the arrival of the Slavs and the Bulgarians, it has been applied to later periods including the one which is of interest to us.
		The Jireček Line is an imaginary line that divided in the ancient
	www.macedoniaontheweb.com /articles/?cat=6 (5506 words)

	K. Setton - The Bulgars in the Balkans and the Occupation of Corinth in the Seventh Century
		Heinrich Wuttke, Leipzig, 1843-1844), I 213 ff., 245-249, and II, 159-162, and of the Bulgarian historian M. Drinov, The Slavic Occupation of the Balkan Peninsula (in Russian, Moscow, 1873), that the Slavs had begun to settle in the Balkan peninsula in the third, and even in the later second, century A.D., a theory which Const.
		Jirecek (in his earlier work), Geschichte der Bulgaren (Prague, 1876), p.
		Constantin Jirecek, Geschichte der Serben, I (Gotha, 1911), 92, and Zakythinos, Slavs in Greece, pp.
	members.tripod.com /~Groznijat/bulgar/setton.html (14002 words)

	The Saga of Kosovo
		All Serbs know that Sava began the illustrious line of Serbian archbishops and patriarchs who led the Serbian Church and people through the ensuing dark times, when the Muslim curtain had fallen upon the Balkans.
		The historian Jirecek, who is considered the outstanding authority on medieval Balkan affairs, maintains that Ras was the same place as the one called "Trgoviste," an important commercial center and caravan station used by Dubrovnik merchants until 1445, when the Turks built Novi Pazar.
		In accordance with the advice of his commander Evrenos Bey (of Greek origin), he launched his attack early in the morning while Lazar and his comrades were at prayers in the nearby Samodreza Church.
	www.srpska-mreza.com /bookstore/kosovo/kosovo1.htm (7648 words)

	kosovo.net: The Saga of Kosovo, by Alex N. Dragnich and Slavko Todorovich
		All Serbs know that Sava began the illustrious line of Serbian archbishops and patriarchs who led the Serbian church and people through subsequent dark times, when the Moslem curtain had fallen upon the Balkans.
		The historian Jirecek, who is considered the outstanding authority on medieval Balkan affairs, maintains that Ras was the same place as the one called "Trgovishte," an important commercial center and caravan station used by Dubrovnik merchants until 1445, when the Turks built Novi Pazar.
		As they sailed through the narrows, the Christian captives were lined up along the banks, on the order of the Sultan, and made to shout at their humiliated leaders.
	www.kosovo.net /history/kosovo_saga/saga02.html (4249 words)

	Untitled
		With clever politics which sometimes even today is regarded as weakling's tricks they were able to lead a line of diplomacy upholding the kingdom for a thousand years.
		The Magyar engagements came in the middle of this period, so it would be not very fortunate to speak about the decline of the Byzantine power at this juncture.
		As J. Jirecek points out, the Bulgarian Empire was annihilated by the concentrated attacks of the Cumanians Russians and Greeks.
	users.cwnet.com /millenia/advent.htm (3238 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Scopia
		The Bulgarian wars in the tenth century caused a temporary suppression of the see, but when the Bulgarians were converted a century later it again became a metropolitan see.
		Scopia has also long been a Greek schismatic archiepiscopal see, subject to the Servian Patriarch of Ipek (or Pec); in 1717 it became, as it is now, a suffragan of Constantinople (Jirecek, "Geschichte der Bulgaren", p.
		In 1346, Greek schismatic bishops held a national council under the patronage of the Servian ruler Dusan (1331-55), (Markovic, "Gli Slavi", ed.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/13609c.htm (347 words)

	Article # 07127 - Land the dream job you want NOW! - ArticleWareHouse.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		We all hate sales people who call us at home and you may be afraid to try this.
		However, you are really looking for help and you need to tell the person on the other line just that.
		Just call up the company and tell them you are looking for work and would like to speak with HR or the hiring manager for your type of job.
	www.articlewarehouse.com /articles/work/07127.aspx (356 words)

	Free Online Dating - Got a Blind Date Right Around the Corner? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Todd Jirecek is a staff writer for the http://www.datingdirectorysite.com
		However, to what degree does it play intoyou finding your perfect match?Seemingly, most of us are engulfed by a blitzing media thatsells everything from lingerie to exotic cars with somegorgeous blonde or brunette sitting next to it.
		If you are concerned about your time, privacy or safety, while using On-line Dating, then this is a 'must read'.1.Most people are pret...
	freeonlinedating-tips.com /got-a-blind-date-right-around-the-corner.php (1168 words)

	THE PAULICIANS TO THE ANABAPTISTS
		Of the thirteenth century, Wadington says: “The heresy of the Paulicians and Cathari, another religious faction, had at that time considerable prevalence, which under the various names of Cathari, for Catharists, Puritans, Gazari, Patereni, Paulicians or Publicans, Bulgari or Bugari was more particularly charged with Manichaean opinions.
		Evidently, a people of the same belief and practice as the Paulicians with which they were consolidated; or, more correctly expressed, the Paulicians themselves under these names.
		In either case the Baptist line is unbroken.
	www.homestead.com /sglblibrary/files/Jarrel/JarrelChapter20.htm (2595 words)

	Origins of Romanians (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		It supports the theory that the major Slavonic influence on Romanian took place after the migration of Vlachs and their settlement in Slav-populated territories North of the Danube.
		This notional line in the sand divides the areas of the Balkans which were under Latin and Greek influences.
		The Jireček line was originally used by the Czech historian Konstantin Jireček in 1911 in a history of the Slavic people.
	www.restromania.ro /Sociologie/OriginsOfRomanians.htm (3441 words)

	Frequently asked questions on Macedonia
		C. Jirecek, in "Geschichte der Serben" claimed that Macedonians were always Greek and all the area south of the line defined by the cities Achris-Skopje-Nissa-Sofia-Aimos-Messimbria was greek (an assertion also confirmed by other authors such as Th.
		Hertzberg, in "Geschichte Byzantinissen", mentioned that when in the 14th century Dushan shared his kingdom with his son he kept the greek area south of Skopje and gave his son the northern Serbian areas (this is also confirmed by a Czech historian, Jirecek).
		Jirecek mentioned in his book that at this time Skopje was a greek city inhabited mainly by Greeks despite being part of the Serbian kingdom for more than a century.
	www.greece.org /themis/macedonia/faq.htm (10342 words)

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