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 | | Garner and Maxwell found that physical force (excluding handcuffing) is used in fewer than one of five adult custody arrests (see chapter 4). |
 | | Garner and Maxwell (see chapter 4) observed that police use weaponless tactics in roughly 80 percent of use-of-force incidents and that half the time the tactic involved grabbing the suspect. |
 | | Garner, Joel, John Buchanan, Tom Schade, and John Hepburn, Understanding Use of Force By and Against the Police, Research in Brief, Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, National Institute of Justice, November 1996, NCJ 158614. |
| www.ncjrs.org /txtfiles1/nij/176330.txt (20204 words) |
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