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	Johann Gottfried Herder - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Johann Gottfried von Herder (August 25, 1744 – December 18, 1803), German poet, critic, theologian, and philosopher, is best known for his influence on authors such as Goethe and the role he played in the development of the larger cultural movement known as romanticism.
		Herder attached exceptional importance to the concept of nationality and of patriotism — "he that has lost his patriotic spirit has lost himself and the whole worlds about himself ", whilst teaching that " in a certain sense every human perfection is national".
		Herder carried folk theory to an extreme by maintaining that "there is only one class in the state, the Volk, (not the rabble), and the king belongs to this class as well as the peasant".
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Johann_Gottfried_Herder (2036 words)

	Johann Gottfried von Herder
		Johann Gottfried von Herder (1744-1803) was born in Mohrungen in East Prussia.
		Herder believes, plausibly, that a work of art is always written or made to exemplify a certain genre, and that it is vital for the interpreter to identify its genre in order to understand it.
		Herder strikingly, and plausibly, argues that, on the contrary, beauty is not nearly as essential to art as it is often taken to be.
	plato.stanford.edu /entries/herder (11245 words)

	Herder, Johann Gottfried von. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		Herder was an enormously influential literary critic and a leader in the Sturm und Drang movement.
		In this treatise Herder held that language and poetry are spontaneous necessities of human nature, rather than supernatural endowments.
		At Weimar, Herder became the leading theorist of German romanticism and a contributor to the most brilliant court of the era.
	www.bartleby.com /65/he/Herder-J.html (267 words)

	Johann Gottfried Herder
		One of the most prolific and influential writers that Germany has produced, Herder was born in Mohrungen, a small town in East Prussia, on the 25th of August 1744.
		Herder's writings were for a long time regarded as of temporary value only, and fell into neglect.
		Lessing was the exponent of German classicism; Herder, on the contrary, was a pioneer of the romantic movement.
	www.nndb.com /people/280/000093998 (1432 words)

	[No title]
		Herder wanted to transform the world from one of mechanical dynastic states to one of organic nation-states based upon self-determination.
		Herder's nationalism was, in essence, a humanitarian one and not the narrow idealism of the 19
		Herder's writings were used by Slavs in Austria to resist the use of the German language and literature and gave impetus to the collection of folk literature in Russia where the messianic and revolutionary themes of a Slavic world reinstated by Russia found a particular resonance..
	www.geocities.com /Area51/Zone/2424/herderslavs.html (2964 words)

	Synoptic Gospels Primer - Glossary: J. G. Herder
		The son of poor Prussian parents, Herder became a student of Kant, a colleague of Goethe, a companion of princes, general superintendent of the national Lutheran church at Weimar (1776), and eventually a member of the German nobility.
		Herder was the first to argue that the development of history follows a set of laws that balances the competing activities of individuals striving to distinguish themselves from their inherited world.
		Thus, Herder was a prophet of the quest of the historical Jesus and the humanistic, ecumenical development of mainstream modern Christianity.
	virtualreligion.net /primer/herder.html (782 words)

	Johann Gottfried von Herder (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Johann Gottfried von Herder was a brilliant German critic, theologian, and philosopher whose work anticipated the spiritual concepts inherent in Charles Darwin's theory of evolution.
		For Herder, God was Noumenon in all phenomena, and Christianity was the awareness of the Supreme Reason (God) as the Father.
		Herder was one of the illuminated minds; though not professedly a disciple, he had felt the influence of Kant, and was cordially in sympathy with the men who were trying to break the spell of form and tradition.
	www.alcott.net /alcott/home/champions/Herder.html (367 words)

	Herder - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Herder, Johann Gottfried von (1744-1803), German philosopher and literary critic, whose writings were instrumental in introducing German...
		Even more ominous, the romantic imagination had been excited by the stirring drama of revolution and war.
		Cowboys, mounted herders hired by cattle owners in the United States to look after their stock.
	ca.encarta.msn.com /Herder.html (96 words)

	Wilson and Herder (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Herder contended, then, that from the varying circumstances of nations' physical environments had emerged national differences and that these, enhanced over the years by historical developments, had gradually evolved into distinct national units, the organic structures of which he considered to be reflected in what he called national characters, or national souls.
		As Herder had hoped it would, the folk poetry revival moved German literature away from the rationalism and cosmopolitanism of the Enlightenment, which Herder believed had led to a sterile uniformity, and based it on the irrational and creative force of the people.
		Herder's works were published in the Slavic countries in both the original German and in translation and were instrumental in stimulating Slavic patriotism.
	www.ethnomusic.ucla.edu /courses/133/week2/wilsonherder.htm (5482 words)

	[No title]
		Herder during all this time had stayed in his cabin reading the poems of "Ossian." In Hamburg he enjoyed a memorable fortnight in the company of Lessing.
		Despite Herder's ill-humor, caused by physical and mental anguish, and his somewhat condescending tone towards the younger man, he succeeded in demolishing the latter's rococo ideas and in directing him to the cultural values of his own nation.
		Herder, however, was no follower of Rousseau; he viewed each age historically, and the latter's call for a return to nature he regarded as nonsense.
	www.jgherder.de /eng/herder.htm (1843 words)

	AllRefer.com - Johann Gottfried von Herder (Scholars, Antiquarians, And Orientalists, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		Johann Gottfried von Herder, Scholars, Antiquarians, And Orientalists, Biographies
		Johann Gottfried von Herder[yO´hAn gOt´frEt fun her´dur] Pronunciation Key, 1744–1803, German philosopher, critic, and clergyman, b.
		In 1776 he became court preacher at Weimar through the influence of Goethe, whose work was greatly affected by Herder's ideas, particularly by his Uber den Ursprung der Sprache [on the origin of language] (1772).
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/H/Herder-J.html (361 words)

	Art News Johann Gottfried Herder
		Herder felt that we have an optical bias in the way we interact with our world and with the art of sculpture in particular.
		Herder himself speaks of returning to the sense of touch its "ancient rights": although touch has traditionally been categorized as belonging to the lower senses, it offers us our securest and most reliable knowledge of the external world.
		Herder expresses this in highly figurative language: 'The eye that gathers impressions is no longer the eye that sees a depiction on a surface; it becomes a hand, the ray of light becomes a finger and the imagination becomes a form of immediate touching.'.
	www.borsheimarts.com /news/2005_06.htm (1335 words)

	Johann Georg Hamann (1730-1788), Preacher of Christ in the Wilderness of the Enlightenment.
		Johann Georg Hamann (1730-1788), Preacher of Christ in the Wilderness of the Enlightenment.
		Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749-1832), Germany's most famous poet, first learned of Johann Georg Hamann at a meeting in Strasbourg with Hamann's close friend and pupil Johann Gottfried Herder, a famous German writer in his own right during the rise of the rationalistic, deistic Enlightenment.
		Herder disagreed fundamentally and in a number of specific details with his mentor Hamann, yet believed Hamann's thoughts so important that he ruthlessly tore up Goethe's previous manuscripts and referred him to Hamann's work on the Bible, Homer, Shakespeare, folk music, the origin of poetry and of language.
	www.creationism.org /csshs/v07n3p19.htm (1759 words)

	MODERN PHILOSOPHY: Unclassified Philosophers - 2
		Johann Gottfried Herder - Jean-Baptiste Lamarck - Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
		To Herder, love of the historical past was a cultural force, a way to psychic renovation.
		Originally a disciple of Kant, Herder, in his later years, opposed his teacher, especially his ideas concerning the "depraved nature" of man, as a consequence of original sin.
	radicalacademy.com /adiphilunclassified1.htm (4365 words)

	Johann Gottfried von Herder Biography / Biography of Johann Gottfried von Herder World of Sociology Biography
		Born into a religious family in East Prussia, Johann Gottfried von Herder became an innovator in the philosophy of history and culture and a leading figure of the Sturm and Drang literary movement.
		Herder decided on a medical career but changed his mind when he fainted at every operation he attended.
		Changing to theology, during this period, Herder came into contact with Immanuel Kant, founder of critical philosophy, and Johann Georg Hamann, a prominent critic of the Enlightenment, a European intellectual movement of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries.
	www.bookrags.com /biography-johann-gottfried-von-herder-soc (277 words)

	Herder, Johann Gottfried von articles on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Herder, Johann Gottfried von HERDER, JOHANN GOTTFRIED VON [Herder, Johann Gottfried von], 1744-1803, German philosopher, critic, and clergyman, b.
		A romantic nationalist, he was much influenced by Johann Gottfried von Herder and was a close friend and associate of Jules Michelet.
		Nationalism is basically a collective state of mind or consciousness in which people believe their primary duty and loyalty is to the nation-state.
	www.encyclopedia.com /articles/05844.html (301 words)

	Foreign Affairs - Book Review - Johann Gottfried Herder: Another Philosophy of History, and Selected Political Writings ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Herder, selections of whose writings are translated and presented here, has often been described as a father of modern nationalism.
		In his nuanced comments on history, Herder writes of the progression of mankind but not of progress-even in the wake of the Enlightenment, the tyranny of reason is still tyranny.
		Essentially, Herder is a moderate with limited expectations, who knows that history has frequently been a wrecker of hopes.
	www.foreignaffairs.org /20040901fabook83544/ioannis-d-evrigenis-daniel-pellerin/johann-gottfried-herder-another-philosophy-of-history-and-selected-political-writings.html (269 words)

	German Idealism [Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy]
		However, their contemporary, Lessing, was the first representative of the movement to liberate himself completely from conventional theology and all that was arbitrary and external in German culture and find in the inner aesthetic and ethical development of the mind the ideal to be followed.
		If Lessing's great work was to introduce idealism into aesthetics, particularly the aesthetics of dramatic poetry, Herder's greatest service to the idealistic cause was his application of idealism, as a method, to the interpretation of history.
		Thus, Christianity, whose dogmas are interpreted evolutionistically by Schelling, becomes the end and purpose of history; and it is upon Christianity that ethics, politics, and aesthetics are to be based.
	www.utm.edu /research/iep/g/germidea.htm (3619 words)

	H-Net Review: Johann W. N. Tempelhoff on Another Philosophy of History and Selected Political Writings
		Johann Gottfried Herder (1744-1803) is today perhaps best remembered for his definition of the concept of nationalism more than two hundred years ago.
		Moreover, Herder is remembered as one of the more original thinkers of the eighteenth-century, cosmopolitan travellers in Europe; after having studied under Immanuel Kant, he was able to assert an influence on the intellectual environment of German society.
		Then Herder goes on to explain that where the "circles of happiness" of nations collide there are indications of prejudice, loutishness and narrow nationalism.
	www.h-net.org /reviews/showrev.cgi?path=196021094367289 (1563 words)

	Johann Gottfried von Herder Biography / Biography of Johann Gottfried von Herder Literary Biography
		In the judgment of Arthur Schopenhauer and Friedrich Nietzsche, Johann Gottfried Herder was not a great original thinker.
		Nowadays Herder leads a shadow existence, eclipsed by others whom he influenced decisively, such as Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, or who surpassed him by building on his achievements, such as Wilhelm von Humboldt in linguistics and G. Hegel in the philosophy of history.
		Fresh appreciation of Herder's work is made difficult by his often breathless and rapturous style, by his stupendous grasp and diversity, and by his disregard for academic boundaries.
	www.bookrags.com /biography-johann-gottfried-von-herder-dlb (215 words)

	JOHANN GOTTFRIED HERDER From Reflections on the Philosophy of the History of Mankind Johann ...
		JOHANN GOTTFRIED HERDER From Reflections on the Philosophy of the History of Mankind Johann Gottfried Herder
		Johann Gottfried Herder (1744-1803), a theologian by training and profession, greatly influenced German letters with his literary criticism and his philosophy of history.
		In his later years, Herder resided in the Duchy of Weimar and his presence, along with 1.
	www.cooper.edu /humanities/classes/coreclasses/hss3/j_herder.html (1718 words)

	Herder, Johann Gottfried von on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		HERDER, JOHANN GOTTFRIED VON [Herder, Johann Gottfried von], 1744-1803, German philosopher, critic, and clergyman, b.
		There he produced his anthology of foreign folk songs, Stimmen der Völker (1778-79) and also made some of the earliest studies of comparative philology, comparative religion, and mythology.
		Magazines and Newspapers for: Herder, Johann Gottfried von or search in Pictures and Maps for Herder, Johann Gottfried von
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/H/Herder-J1.asp (459 words)

	Radio Dialogs II - Arno Schmidt
		Dialogues on Johann Gottfried Schnabel, Johann Gottfried Herder, Adalbert Stifter, Gustav Frenssen, Edward Bulwer-Lytton, and James Joyce
		The first dialogue in this collection introduces Johann Gottfried Schnabel, author of a mammoth novel called Insel Felsenburg ("Felsenburg Island") -- "a utopian Robinsoniade, a self-contained island of words to which Schmidt was only too happy to escape", as Woods describes it in his introduction.
		Schmidt follows Herder's complicated life -- enjoying, of course, among other things the comparison with Herder's sometime friend Goethe (who went on to greater success, but who Schmidt certainly holds to be generally less worthy).
	www.complete-review.com /reviews/schmidta/radiods2.htm (2068 words)

	Johann Gottfried von Herder \| German Philosopher \| Intuition \| Questia.com Online Library
		Herder's Philosophy of Language, Interpretation, and Translation: Three Fundamental Principles, in The Review of Metaphysics
		Herder and Nationalism: Reclaiming the Principle of Cultural Respect, in The Australian Journal of Politics and History
		Between Herder and Hegel the most important...the brilliant and short-lived von Hardenberg Novalis, were...Romantic Age had been expressed by...
	www.questia.com /library/history/historians/johann-gottfried-herder.jsp (554 words)

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