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Topic: Johann Heinrich Lambert

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	JOHN LAMBERT (1619-1694) - LoveToKnow Article on JOHN LAMBERT (1619-1694) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Lambert took a prominent part in the committee of council which drew up instructions to the major-generals, and he was probably the originator, and certainly the organizer, of the system of police which these officers were to control.
		Lambert, though holding no military commission, was the most popular of the old Cromwellian generals with the rank and file of the army, and it was very generally believed that he would instal himself in Olivers seat of power.
		Lamberts army began to melt away, and he was kept in suspense by Monk till his whole army fell from him and he returned to London almost alone.
	85.1911encyclopedia.org /L/LA/LAMBERT_JOHN_1619_1694_.htm (2011 words)

	Lambert, Johann Heinrich (1728-1777)
		Lambert's Letters which reached a wider audience in eighteenth century Europe than did the works of either Wright or Kant, is also replete with the most extreme kind of speculation about extraterrestrial life.
		No object in the universe, as far as Lambert was concerned, is devoid of life — and life, moreover, of every conceivable kind.
		Like Wright and Kant, Lambert was driven to his extraterrestrial conclusions by the conviction that God, in his omnipotence, could not fail to populate every corner of the cosmos with all manner of beings.
	www.daviddarling.info /encyclopedia/L/Lambert.html (383 words)

	JOHANN HEINRICH LAMBERT - LoveToKnow Article on JOHANN HEINRICH LAMBERT (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Lambert's most important work, Pyrometrie (Berlin, 1779), is a systematic treatise on heat, containing the records and full discussion of many of his own experiments.
		For five hours Lambert disputed with the king and ten bishops; and then, as he boldly denied that the Eucharist was the body of Christ, he was condemned to death by Cromwell as vicegerent.
		Lambert was burnt at Smithfield on the 22nd of November.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /L/LA/LAMBERT_JOHANN_HEINRICH.htm (966 words)

	Johann Heinrich Lambert
		Johann Heinrich (or John Henry) Lambert was the son of Lukas Lambert, a tailor, and Elisabeth Schmerber.
		Lambert conjectured that e and π are transcendental.
		Lambert is also responsible for many innovations in the study of heat and light as well as working on the theory of probability.
	www.southernct.edu /~pinciuv/mat530pr7.html (606 words)

	Lambert (lunar crater) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Lambert is a lunar impact crater on the southern half of the Mare Imbrium basin.
		Just to the south of the Lambert crater ramparts is the lava-covered rim of a crater that is almost completely covered by the mare.
		The diameter of this ghost-crater is slightly larger than Lambert, but it is difficult to spot except when the sun is at a very low angle.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Lambert_(Lunar_crater) (217 words)

	Johann Heinrich Lambert - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Johann Heinrich Lambert (August 26, 1728 – September 25, 1777), was a mathematician, physicist and astronomer.
		His father was a poor tailor, so Johann had to struggle to gain an education.
		Lambert studied light intensity and the hyperbolic functions of trigonometry.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Johann_Heinrich_Lambert (278 words)

	Lambert (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		'Lambert's cosine law' states that the brightness of a diffusely radiating plane surface is proportional to the cosine of the angle formed by the line of sight and the normal to the surface.
		Lambert's book is also remarkable for the modernity of its methodological stand: his systematic survey of the differences among facts, theories, predictions and possible verifications was not emulated in cosmological literature until the 20th century.
		Lambert's physical erudition indicates yet another clear way in which it would be possible to eliminate the traditional myth of three-dimensional geometry through the parallels with the physical dependence of functions.
	www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk /~history/Mathematicians/Lambert.html (2205 words)

	Johann Heinrich Lambert
		The Alsation mathematician and naturalist Johann Heinrich Lambert (1728-1777) is renowned amongst physicists as the founder of the theory of light measurement, which at that time was known as "photometria".
		Lambert recognised that Mayer had discovered a means of constructing and naming many of the possible colours, and at the same time also recognised that, to extend its coverage to include their full abundance, the only element missing from this triangle was depth.
		Lambert accommodates a total of 108 colours or their mixtures in his pyramid, the tip of which is white.
	www.colorsystem.com /projekte/engl/11lame.htm (721 words)

	Lambert
		Lambert was a colleague of Euler and Lagrange at the Berlin Academy of Sciences.
		Lambert conjectured that e and Pi are transcendental.
		Lambert also made the first systematic development of hyperbolic functions and is responsible for many innovations in the study of heat and light.
	library.wolfram.com /examples/quintic/people/Lambert.html (219 words)

	mat360pr7 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Johann Lambert was born on August 26, 1728 in Mulhausen.
		As a physicist, Lambert is known to be the founder of the theory of light measurement.
		Furthermore, Lambert gave a abstract description of the universe in "Cosmologische Briefe." One of Lambert's most important contributions to astronomy was his theory of the Milky Way as a disc.
	www.southernct.edu /~pinciuv/mat360pr7.html (511 words)

	FRANCIS LAMBERT - LoveToKnow Article on FRANCIS LAMBERT (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Philip continued to favor Lambert, who was appointed professor and head of the theological faculty in the Landgraf's new university of Marburg.
		Patrick Hamilton (q.v.), the Scottish martyr, was one of his pupils; and it was at Lambert's instigation that Hamilton composed his Loci communes, or Patrick's Pleas as they were popularly called in Scotland.
		Lambert was also one of the divines who took part in the great conference of Marburg in 1529; he had long wavered between the Lutheran and the Zwinglian view of the Lord's Supper, but at this conference he definitely adopted the Zwinglian view.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /L/LA/LAMBERT_FRANCIS.htm (483 words)

	Warner Lambert Company (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Lambert was the eldest son of long-serving Devon Member of Parliament, the Rt.
		Lambert was married to the actress Diane Lane from 1988 to 1994.
		Lambert Simnel (''circa'' 1477 – ''circa'' 1534) was a child pretender to the throne of England.
	www.wwwtln.com /finance/199/warner-lambert-company.html (900 words)

	The Lambert Surname
		On the Continent, the physicist Johann Heinrich Lambert (1728 - 1777) is associated with Lambert's Law, still studied by science students, although the "lambert," an optical unit of brightness, is no longer in use.
		Lamberts go back to before 1663 in the Southern Colonies, and Lamberts were prominent in New Jersey as well.
		The objectives of the Lambert DNA Project are to use DNA analysis to establish links between the various American branches, to locate British sources of the American Lamberts, and to learn the extent of relationships among the English, Irish, Belgian, German, and French Lamberts.
	www.chem.northwestern.edu /~lambert/dna/surname.htm (1416 words)

	Lambert Projections
		Lambert was born in either Germany or France (depending on who you believe) in 1728 and died in Berlin in 1777 (that's his "official" portrait in Figure 2).
		Lambert's accomplishments are even more impressive when you consider that he never received any formal schooling in mathematics; he was entirely self-taught.
		This gives the Lambert projection curved north and south edges (unless the projection is used to maps one of the poles, in which case the map has no edge over the pole -- the pole is shown as a single point) and straight east and west edges.
	www.cnr.colostate.edu /class_info/nr502/lg2/projection_descriptions/lambert.html (611 words)

	Johann Heinrich Lambert (1728-77)
		Johann Heinrich (or Jean Henry) Lambert was born Mülhausen, Sundgau, Switzerland (now Mulhouse, Alsace, France) on August 26, 1728, as the son of Lukas Lambert, a tailor, and Elisabeth b.
		Lambert was among the Bavarian scientists who tried to establish a "Churbairische Akademie der Wissenschaften" (Chur-Bavarian Academy of Sciences): Lambert was invited to join in 1759 and elaborate statutes for this institution.
		Johann Heinrich Lambert died on September 25, 1777 in Berlin at the age of only 49; he had never been married and had no childs.
	www.seds.org /~spider/spider/Misc/lambert.html (1592 words)

	Lambert's Map
		Lambert was the inventor of the hyperbolic functions, and the first to study map projections scientifically.
		The general appearance of a Lambert map is shown at the left.
		A Lambert map of the coterminous United States with standard parallels at 33°N and 45°N, and a central meridian at 95°W represents the whole country excellently.
	www.du.edu /~jcalvert/math/lambert.htm (3407 words)

	References for Lambert
		K-R Biermann, Wurde Leonhard Euler durch J H Lambert aus Berlin vertrieben?, in Ceremony and scientific conference on the occasion of the 200th anniversary of the death of Leonhard Euler (Berlin, 1985), 91-99.
		J Folta, Lambert's "Architectonics" and the foundations of geometry, Acta Historiae Rerum Naturalium necnon Technicarum, 1973 (Prague, 1974), 145-163.
		L Giacardi, On the approximate calculation of the length of the circumference in Huygens and in Lambert : Conclusion of the Archimedean procedures and introduction of infinity (Italian), Rend.
	www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk /~history/Printref/Lambert.html (672 words)

	Lambert, Johann Heinrich -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Lambert, the son of a tailor, was largely self-educated and…
		Lambert was the first to demonstrate the irrationality of, and, when asked by Frederick the Great in what field he was most capable, is said to have curtly answered “All.” His own highly articulated philosophy was a more thorough and creative reworking of rationalist ideas from Leibniz and Wolff.
		Franz Lambert was born in Avignon, France, in 1486.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9046942 (704 words)

	Graphical Representation of Data (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		These three places were the statistical atlases of William Playfair, the indicator diagrams of James Watt, and the writings of Johann Heinrich Lambert.
		Johann Heinrich Lambert was the only scientist in the eighteenth century to use graphs extensively.
		Lambert insisted that natural philosophy could be pursued successfully only by careful mathematical analysis of quantitative measurements taken with precision instruments.
	www.hypertextbook.com /physics/foundations/graphical-representation (482 words)

	Titius-Bode Law
		It was discovered in 1766 by Johann Daniel Titius and "published" (without attribution) in 1772 by Johann Elert Bode, thus the name.
		Johann Elert Bode was born on January 19, 1747 in Hamburg, Germany.
		Together with Johann Heinrich Lambert, he founded the German language ephemeris, the Astronomisches Jahrbuch oder Ephemeriden [Astronomical Yearbook and Ephemeris] in 1774, later called simply Astronomisches Jahrbuch and then Berliner Astronomisches Jahrbuch, which he continued to publish until his death in 1826.
	milan.milanovic.org /math/english/titius/titius.html (894 words)

	Lambert (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Johann Heinrich Lambert (1728-1777) was one of the great polymaths of the 18th century.
		I have produced an English translation, accompanied by notes and an introductory historical monograph that traces the quantification of light and its effects, from its earliest beginnings as part of optics in late medieval times, to the end of the 19th century.
		"Johann Heinrich Lambert’s Photometria was among the references in many of the classic technical papers I read while a young lighting engineer.
	civil.colorado.edu /~dilaura/Writings/Lambert/lambert.htm (245 words)

	LAMBERT
		Johann Heinrich “Henry” Lambert was born 01 February 1735 in Ottenberg, Rhineland, Palatinate, Germany.
		Henry and Maria’s son, Johann Heinrich “Henry” was born October 1775 in Derry Township, Dauphin, Pennsylvania.
		Jane’s Lambert family was of English origin being no relation to Linsey Lambert’s family.
	home1.gte.net /vze6lx98/littlewalkerscreek2/id30.html (664 words)

	Johann Heinrich Lambert (from logic, history of) -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Lambert was the first to demonstrate the irrationality of
		Education according to nature was the theme around which Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi constructed his program to reform the schooling of very young children.
		Along with Johann von Goethe and Friedrich Schiller, Heinrich Heine is one of the three greatest names in German literature.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-65942?tocId=65942 (771 words)

	Milestones: Section 4. 1700-1799
		Beginnings of the study of population statistics (demography)- Johann Peter Süssmilch, Germany [113,240].
		Lambert extended this with a 3D pyramid indicating ``depth'' (saturation).- Tobias Mayer (1723-1762), Moses Harris (1731-1785) and Johann Heinrich Lambert (1728-1777), Germany [149,164,108].
		Graphical analysis of periodic variation (in soil temperature), and the first semi-graphic display combining tabular and graphical formats- Johann Heinrich Lambert (1728-1777), Germany [150,106].
	www.math.yorku.ca /SCS/Gallery/milestone/sec4.html (1320 words)

	Lambert
		Lambert is best known, however, for his work on
		Lambert was the first to provide a rigorous proof that
		Lambert is also responsible for many innovations in the study of heat and light as well as working on the t
	www.educ.fc.ul.pt /icm/icm2003/icm14/Lambert.htm (152 words)

	Johann Elert Bode (1747-1826) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Johann Elert Bode was born on January 19, 1747 in Hamburg, Germany, the son of a merchant in Hamburg.
		It was on the occasion of observing this comet that astronomers Messier, Darquier, Koehler and Oriani discovered a number of "nebulae": M56, M57, M58, M59, M60, and M61.
		Johann Elert Bode died on November 23, 1826 in Berlin, Germany, when he was still working on the Jahrbuch for 1830.
	www.moonguy.com /messier/xtra/Bios/bode.html (769 words)

	The Speculator -- For love of money: Casanova and the speculators - MSN Money (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		"Lambert is renowned among physicists as the founder of the theory of light measurement, and his Cosmological Letters are famous among astronomers.
		Lambert attempted to explain the structure of the universe in these writings.
		My GKT uses Lambert's series of color-triangles, which proceed from 45 hues built from yellow, cinnabar and azurite to smaller, brighter triangles with hues numbering 28, 15, 10, 6, 3 and finally 1, a total of 108.
	moneycentral.msn.com /articles/invest/extra/6264.asp (1592 words)

	Mathematician (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Lambert was a Swiss mathematician who at one time worked with Leonhard Euler.
		Lambert is unusual in that he was largely a self-taught mathematician.
		His family was large and poor, so Lambert worked as a tutor and did his own studies at night.
	faculty.ehshouston.org /twright/mathemat.htm (154 words)

	Pi (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Pi is an irrational number: that is, it cannot be written as the ratio of two integers.
		In fact, the number is transcendental, as was proven by Ferdinand von Lindemann in 1882.
		Johann Heinrich Lambert proved that π is irrational
	www.bidprobe.com /en/wikipedia/p/pi/pi.html (1806 words)

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