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Topic: Johann Josef Loschmidt

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	No. 1858: Johann Josef Loschmidt
		Loschmidt realized he could deduce the size of molecules from two kinds of information.
		Loschmidt was clearly more interested in science as a process than as a way to become famous.
		A. Bader and L. Parker, Joseph Loschmidt, Physicist and Chemist.
	www.uh.edu /engines/epi1858.htm (531 words)

	Johann Josef Loschmidt (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-05)
		Johann Josef Loschmidt (March 15 1821 - July 8 1895) was an Austrian physicist and chemist.
		Born in Počerny; near Carlsbad (today in the Karlovy Vary Region of the Czech Republic), he became professor for physical chemistry at the University of Vienna in 1868.
		In 1865 Loschmidt first calculated the Avogadro's number, which in the German language countries is still sometimes referred to as the Loschmidt number.
	publicliterature.org /en/wikipedia/j/jo/johann_josef_loschmidt.html (131 words)

	Physics Today March 2001
		Josef Loschmidt, a pioneer of 19th-century physics and chemistry, deserves to be better known in the English-speaking world.
		Moving to Vienna at the age of 20, Loschmidt was attracted by the lectures in chemistry and physics at the Polytechnic Institute and the university.
		The main sources of error in Loschmidt's estimate of the molecular diameter were errors in the measurements of the mean free path and in the estimate of the density of liquid air.
	www.physicstoday.org /pt/vol-54/iss-3/p45.html (3357 words)

	ScienceWeek
		Loschmidt anticipated the ring structure of benzene, so that some historians claim that the assertion of Friedrich Kekule (1829-1896) that idea of the benzene ring came to him in a dream is probably fallacious, since Kekule most likely read Loschmidt's published paper on benzene and benzene derivatives.
		Loschmidt arrived at a size somewhat less than 10^(-7) centimeters for the diameter of the molecules in air, which is close to the accepted value of 0.3 x 10^(-7).
		Loschmidt was the first to publish corrections to the ideal gas law, corrections due to both finite molecular size and time delays during collision, that were compared with experiment.
	scienceweek.com /2004/rmps-15.htm (1496 words)

	Where can I find Johann Josef Loschmidt information? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-05)
		Jan or Johann Josef Loschmidt (March 15, 1821 - July 8, 1895) who referred to himself thorough as 'Josef' (omitting their numero uno name), was a notable Austrian scientist who performed groundbreaking in chemistry, physics (thermodynamics, optics, electrodynamics) crystal forms.
		Loschmidt's springed four dotage before that of KekulÃ©, who's better published is widely credited with the learning of benzene's cyclic structure.
		In 1865, Loschmidt was the numero uno to paradigmatic the ordinal of molecules of an ideal gas in 1 cm3.
	en.100fm.info /Johann_Josef_Loschmidt (737 words)

	Johann Josef Loschmidt - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Born of poor Bohemian farming stock in Počerny (Putschirn) near Karlsbad/Carlsbad, in what is now the Czech Republic, Loschmidt became professor of physical chemistry at the University of Vienna in 1868.
		The first was a Bohemian priest, Adalbert Czech, who persuaded Loschmidt's parents to send young Josef to high school in the Piarist monastery in Schlackenwerth and, in 1837, to advanced high-school classes in Prague.
		Loschmidt retired from university in 1891 and died in 1895 in Vienna.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Johann_Josef_Loschmidt (546 words)

	Johann Josef Loschmidt Biography,info
		Jan or Johann Josef Loschmidt (March 15, 1821 - July 8, 1895) who referred to himself mostly as 'Josef' (omitting his first name), was a notable Austrian scientist who performed groundbreaking work in chemistry, physics (thermodynamics, optics, electrodynamics) and crystal forms.
		Loschmidt's work appeared four years before that of Kekulé, who is better known and is generally credited with the discovery of benzene's cyclic structure.
		Loschmidt and his younger university colleague Ludwig Boltzmann became good friends.
	www.danceage.com /biography/sdmc_Loschmidt (528 words)

	Physics Today March 2001
		Loschmidt rose rapidly at the university, becoming a full professor in 1872.
		But Loschmidt's modified gas law was missing an important correction that was discovered 12 years later, when Johannes van der Waals postulated a weak attractive force between molecules.
		Loschmidt argued that temperature would depend on height in a gas in vertical equilibrium in a uniform gravitational field.
	physicstoday.org /pt/vol-54/iss-3/p45.html (3357 words)

	Johann Josef Loschmidt \| životopis
		Johann Josef Loschmidt byl jedním ze zakladatelů atomové fyziky.
		Zabýval se také chemií (Loschmidt bývá často označován jako otec molekulového modelování), elektrodynamikou, mechanickou teorií tepla, optikou a krystalografií.
		V roce 1856 začal Loschmidt učit na střední škole ve Vídni fyziku, chemii, aritmetiku a účetnictví.
	www.converter.cz /fyzici/loschmidt.htm (299 words)

	Jan Josef Loschmidt (1821-1895)
		Josef Loschmidt's Contributions and Modern Developments in Structural Organic Chemistry, Atomistics, and Statistical Mechanics, eds.
		Proceedings of the Josef Loschmidt Symposium, held June 25 - 27, 1995, in Vienna, Austria, p.
		Bader, A. Josef Loschmidt, the Father of Molecular Modelling.
	www.loschmidt.cz /views.html (252 words)

	Claiming Einstein for chemistry
		Johann Diderik van der Waals in the Netherlands extended this theory in 1879 to embrace liquids, and Einstein’s 1901 paper in the Annalen der Physik pursued the same theme that had motivated van der Waals: the role of molecular forces in capillary action.
		In 1865, for example, the Bohemian chemist Josef Loschmidt presented a method based on a comparison of the densities of various liquids and gases, concluding that the diameter of an ‘air molecule’ is about one nanometre.
		This enabled Loschmidt to calculate Avogadro’s number — the number of molecules in one mole of a substance — which in German-speaking countries was long known as Loschmidt’s number.
	www.rsc.org /chemistryworld/Features/2005/September/ClaimingEinsteinforchemistry.asp (3106 words)

	May in Chemistry (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-05)
		Johann Jakob Balmer born 1825: Balmer series in hydrogen atom spectrum.
		Friedrich Karl Johannes Thiele born 1865: organic chemistry; unsaturated and nitrogenous compounds (particularly derivatives of hydrazine and guanidine).
		Johann Josef Loschmidt born 1821: space-filling formulas of many organic compounds; Loschmidt number (number of molecules per unit volume of gas); size of atoms.
	web.lemoyne.edu /~giunta/May.html (1746 words)

	Osobnosti (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-05)
		Johann Josef Loschmidt je právem považován za jednoho ze zakladatelů atomové fyziky, zabýval se také chemií, elektrodynamikou, mechanickou teorií tepla, optikou a krystalografií.
		V roce 1861 Loschmidt publikoval práci, ve které graficky znázornil strukturu benzenu a dalších 121 aromatických sloučenin.
		Johann Josef Loschmidt se nesmírně zasloužil o rozvoj fyziky a chemie a je jistě velká chyba, že o něm v dnešní době veřejnost neví praticky nic.
	www.quido.cz /osobnosti/loschmidt.html (291 words)

	Avogadro's Hypothesis
		To determine Avogadro's Number, it is first necessary to determine the characteristic size and mass of a molecule.
		Johann Josef Loschmidt (1821-1895) devised a method to determine the diameter of a gas molecule from the density of the liquefied gas and and the mean free path of a molecule in the gaseous phase.
		Gay-Lussac pointed out that the simple regularities of his law were realized only for gases, for which matter behaves in the simplest and most universal manner.
	hypertextbook.com /physics/matter/avogadro (566 words)

	Proceedings of the Josef Loschmidt Symposium 1995
		Loschmidt and Venn: Symbolic Logic in Chemistry and Mathematics (p.
		Loschmidt's Achievements and Shortcomings in Elucidating the Structure of Organic Molecules (p.
		The Precise Deterrnination of Loschmidt's Number (Avogadro Constant) as a Step towards a Redefinition of the SI Unit of Mass* (p.
	merian.pch.univie.ac.at /pch/loschm2.html (382 words)

	Programming Assignment Checklist: Atomic Nature of Matter
		Johann Josef Loschmidt, an Austrian physicist, gave the first estimate for this number using the kinetic gas theory.
		In some places, this number is known as Loschmidt's number.
		In 1873 Maxwell estimated the number of be around 4.3 * 10^23; later Kelvin estimated it to be around 5 * 10^23.
	www.cs.princeton.edu /courses/archive/spring06/cos226/checklist/atomic.html (533 words)

	Johann Josef Loschmidt \| Scienca (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-05)
		Kurze Zeit darauf, 1887, wurde Loschmidts einziges Kind Josef geboren, das allerdings noch im Kindesalter 1889 verstarb.
		Todestages von Josef Loschmidt eine Sonderpostmarke mit Nennwert ATS 20.- heraus.
		Proceedings of the Josef Loschmidt symposium, held June 25 - 27, 1995, in Vienna, Austria.
	www.scienca.de /wiki/Johann_Josef_Loschmidt (489 words)

	List of Austrians Encyclopedia Article @ 216.92.11.26 () (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-05)
		Johann Strauss II Main Article: List of Austrians in music
		Johann Philipp von Stadion, statesman, foreign minister and diplomat 1763- 1824
		Josef Madersperger, invented the sewing machine in 1818
	216.92.11.26 /encyclopedia/List_of_Austrians (1755 words)

	IMG_0407 pictures from europe photos on webshots
		Born in Poèerny near Carlsbad, Czech Republic he became professor for physical chemistry at the University of Vienna in 1868.
		In 1856 he determined the size of the molecules of air.
		In 1865 Loschmidt first calculated the number now called Avogadro's constant, which in the German language countries is still sometimes referred to as the Loschmidt number (now Loschmidt constant has another meaning).
	travel.webshots.com /photo/1427820327029167518QauAUe (149 words)

	✓ Loschmidt - Homoeopathie-Therapie.de - HomoeopathieTherapie
		thumbJohann Josef Loschmidt Johann Josef Loschmidt (* 15.
		Loschmidt, Johann Josef Loschmidt, Johann Josef Loschmidt, Johann Josef Loschmidt, Johann Josef Loschmidt, Johann Josef
		Johannes KÃ¶berling von der Deutschen Gesellschaft fÃ¼r Innere Medizin (1997)
	homoeopathie-therapie.de /index.php/Loschmidt (4114 words)

	Representatives of Viennese Scholarship
		His papers "On the size of molecules of air", and the "Loschmidt Number" (a.k.a.
		Boltzmann is viewed as a pioneer of Faraday and Maxwell's electro-magnetic theory of light, developed a proof for Josef Stephan's Law of Radiation and devoted considerable attention to the kinetic theory of gases.
		He was the son of the physician Johann von Oppolzer and was born in Prague.
	www.univie.ac.at /archiv/tour/17.htm (1650 words)

	Casino online portal \| information about Casino online \| List_of_Austrian_Scientists
		Josef Madersberger, invented the sewing machine in 1818
		Johann August Natterer, chemist and physician (inventions in photography)
		Josef Ressel, inventor of the marine screw propeller
	www.pokerhomeportal.com /?u=/List_of_Austrian_Scientists (631 words)

	Johann Josef Loschmidt \| THG Lexikon (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-05)
		Vornamen und ist auch in der Literatur nur unter Josef Loschmidt bekannt) wurde als Kind armer Bauern in Putschirn bei Karlsbad geboren.
		Auf Anraten des Priesters Adalbert Czech erhielt er eine Ausbildung, die ihn nach der Schulzeit am Piaristenkloster in Ostrau (1833-1837) weiter nach Prag führte, wo er 1839 auch auf die deutschsprachige Universität ging.
		Loschmidt vermutete auch erstmals, dass es in Kohlenstoffverbindungen ringförmige Anordnungen gebe, und entwickelte die Darstellung von Doppel- und Dreifachbindungen durch entsprechende Verbindungsstriche.
	www.tomshardware.de /lexikon/Loschmidt (497 words)

	Sketching the History of Statistical Mechanics and Thermodynamics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-05)
		Kelvin points out that the irreversibility of Boltzmann's kinetic theory seems to contradict the underlying classical laws of physics remaining time-invariant (the so-called "reversibility paradox," sometimes attributed to Loschmidt).
		Josef Stephan (1835-1893) determines that the amount of radiation given off by a body through heating is proportional to the fourth power of its temperature (known as the "Stephan-Boltzmann law"), Rτ = σT
		Erwin Rudolf Josef Alexander Schrödinger (1887-1961) developes a second formulation of quantum theory in terms of wave mechanics independently.
	history.hyperjeff.net /statmech_slim.html (6788 words)

	✓ Johann_Josef_Loschmidt - Qualitaetszirkel-Homoeopathie.de - QualitaetszirkelHomoeopathie
		[[Bild:Loschmidt-BÃ¼ste.jpegthumbJohann Josef Loschmidt Denkmal (UniversitÃ¤t Wien)]] Loschmidt wurde als Kind armer Bauern geboren.
		Er forschte auf den Gebieten der Thermodynamik, Elektrodynamik und Optik und Ã¼ber Kristallformen.
		Hahnemann starb 1843, die Avogadro-Konstante wurde 1865 durch Loschmidt berechnet.
	qualitaetszirkel-homoeopathie.de /index.php/Johann_Josef_Loschmidt (4119 words)

	Papers » Blog Archive » Gcse exam papers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-05)
		A summary of the chemical proportions the association gcse exam papers for gcse exam papers good conversation a workshop using modern intellectual life.
		Johann josef loschmidt estimates the sources can find gcse exam papers many interest levels.
		Minimal changes to gcse exam papers quoting a gcse exam papers copied gcse exam papers paper gcse exam papers three in reno, nevada.
	papers.niceval.net /2006/6/2/gcse-exam-papers (686 words)

	Selected Classic Papers from the History of Chemistry (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-05)
		Johann Josef Loschmidt (1865): estimates the size of air molecules.
		Franz Hofmeister (1902): structure of proteins, in particular the peptide bond.
		Johann Christian Reil: "On the Vital Force" (1796) says that "forces", such as the vital, animal, and vegetable forces are simply the properties of matter.
	web.lemoyne.edu /~giunta/papers.html (1788 words)

	Home > Amityville, New York, NY, 11701, Amityville Real Estate, Amityville Yellow Pages, Amityville Classifieds, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-05)
		Johannes Bugenhagen, (1485-1558) Protestand Reformer of Pomerania and Denmark, Theologian
		Johann Gottfried Herder, poet, translator, philosopher and theologian
		Johann Gottfried von Herder, (1744-1803), essayist and poet
	www.amityvillenyus.com /profile/List_of_Germans (1851 words)

	spiked-science \| survey \| E=mc2 centenary survey \| Equal volumes of gases, at the same temperature and pressure, ...
		It was not until 1865 that an estimate was made of the number of molecules in a gas volume.
		This estimate was made by the Austrian physicist and chemist Johann Josef Loschmidt, who used a value for the collision cross-section of molecules.
		Improvements in the theory of gas kinetics, and better measurements, increased the accuracy through to the end of the nineteenth century.
	www.spiked-online.com /articles/0000000CAA82.htm (373 words)

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