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Topic: John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough

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Marquess of Blandford

Duke of Marlborough

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	JOHN CHURCHILL, 1ST DUKE OF MARLBOROUGH - LoveToKnow Article on JOHN CHURCHILL, 1ST DUKE OF MARLBOROUGH (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		Churchill was sworn as a privy councillor on the 14th of February 1688/9 and on the 9th of April became earl of Marlborough.
		Marlborough was made commander-in-chief of the united armies of England and Holland, but throughout the war his plans were impeded by the jealousy of the commanders who were nominally his inferiors, and by the opposite aims of the various countries that were striving to break the power of France.
		Marlborough was hampered by tedious formalities at the Hague and by jealousies at the German courts.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /M/MA/MARLBOROUGH_JOHN_CHURCHILL_1ST_DUKE_OF.htm (3464 words)

	Duke of Marlborough
		However, George Spencer, the 5th Duke of Marlborough, obtained a Royal Licence[?] to assume and bear the additional surname and arms of his famous ancestor, the 1st Duke of Marlborough, and thus became George Spencer-Churchill.
		The 7th Duke of Marlborough was the paternal grandfather of the British Prime Minister Sir Winston Churchill.
		The present Duke of Marlborough is John George Vanderbilt Spencer-Churchill, 11th Duke of Marlborough[?] (born April 13, 1926).
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/du/Duke_of_Marlborough.html (389 words)

	Duke of Marlborough - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Anne further honoured Churchill, after his leadership of the victories against the French of 13 August 1704 near the village of Blenheim (German Blindheim) on the Danube River (Battle of Blenheim), by granting him the royal manor of Woodstock, and building him a house at her own expense to be called Blenheim.
		(Lord Churchill of Eyemouth is in the Scottish peerage, while the rest are in the English peerage.) The title Marquess of Blandford is used as the courtesy title for the Duke's eldest son and heir.
		Because the first duke had no sons, the title was allowed (by a special Act of Parliament) to pass to his eldest daughter in her own right.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Duke_of_Marlborough (891 words)

	John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough (1650-1722) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		John Churchill was the son of Sir Winston Churchill, member of Parliament, who possessed only a moderate property but was sufficiently influential at the court of Charles II to be able to provide for his sons there and in the armed forces.
		Marlborough's skills as a diplomat were also tried; he first created and then managed to maintain the Grand Alliance (the coalition of great and small powers that combined to oppose the ambitions of Louis XIV of France).
		Marlborough received the principality of Mindelheim from the emperor and was granted the royal manor of Woodstock by act of Parliament.
	www.hfac.uh.edu /gbrown/philosophers/leibniz/BritannicaPages/Marlborough/Marlborough.html (1413 words)

	Encyclopedia: John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		The Most Noble John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, KG, PC (26 May 1650 – 16 June 1722) was an English military officer during the War of the Spanish Succession.
		In 1705 Marlborough was obliged to forgo an ambitious attack on the French via the valley of the Moselle, owing to the fact that Prince Eugene had been sent to fight in Italy.
		Lady Anne Churchill, married Charles Spencer, 3rd Earl of Sunderland, and from this marriage descend the modern Dukes of Marlborough.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/John-Churchill,-1st-Duke-of-Marlborough (551 words)

	Marlborough, John Churchill, 1st duke of. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		Under James II he was active in crushing the rebellion (1685) of the duke of Monmouth and was raised to the peerage and made a major general.
		Marlborough was successful as a military commander in 1689 and 1690, but William’s poor treatment of Anne offended him, and William began to resent Marlborough’s ambition and ability.
		Marlborough and his friend Sidney Godolphin, as well as the queen, although earlier bound by personal and religious ties to the Tories, turned to the Whigs, who favored the war while the Tories opposed it.
	www.bartleby.com /65/ma/MarlboroJ.html (550 words)

	Why We Go to War - Sir Winston Churchill
		Churchill was foremost in urging a firm stand against them, but the handling of the issue by the Cabinet gave the public impression that a major war was being risked for an inadequate cause and on insufficient consideration.
		Here Churchill was in his element, in the firing line--at fighter headquarters, inspecting coast defenses or antiaircraft batteries, visiting scenes of bomb damage or victims of the "blitz," smoking his cigar, giving his V sign, or broadcasting frank reports to the nation, laced with touches of grim Churchillian humour and splashed with Churchillian rhetoric.
		Churchill as the popular architect of victory seemed unbeatable, but as an election campaigner he proved to be his own worst enemy, indulging, seemingly at Beaverbrook's urging, in extravagant prophecies of the appalling consequences of a Labour victory and identifying himself wholly with the Conservative cause.
	faculty.virginia.edu /setear/courses/howweget/church.htm (6546 words)

	Biography - Sir Winston Churchill "
		Churchill took a leading part in laying the foundations of the welfare state in Britain, in preparing the Royal Navy for World War I, and in settling the political boundaries in the Middle East after the war.
		Churchill was made to take the responsibility, and when a coalition government was formed in May 1915, the Conservatives made it a condition that he should be dropped as first lord of the admiralty.
		Churchill's task was to inspire resistance at all costs, to organize the defense of the island, and to make it the bastion for an eventual return to the continent of Europe, whose liberation from Nazi tyranny he never doubted.
	www.sikhnet.com /Sikhnet/discussion.nsf/3d8d6eacce83bad8872564280070c2b3/71C5EC6E0E66B15F872569000058BECE?OpenDocument (3254 words)

	The DiCamillo Companion - Database: History, Gardens, Movies
		The Marlborough Gems, the most famous collection of cameos and intaglios in Britain, was formed by the 4th Duke in the 2nd half of the 18th century, its status greatly enhanced by the fact that it included the important collection of Thomas Howard, Earl of Arundel.
		The Marlborough ice pails, a pair of solid 22-karat gold ice pails, were made for the 1st Duke of Marlborough and sold by the 8th Earl Spencer to the British Museum in 1981.
		John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, was a military genius whose victory, as leader of the allied armies, over the troops of Louis XIV at the Battle of Blenheim (or Blindheim) on August 13, 1704 saved Vienna from invasion, gave England one of her greatest victories, and ended French dominance of Europe.
	www.dicamillocompanion.com /Houses_hgpm.asp?ID=237 (2392 words)

	John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough - Art History Online Reference and Guide
		His staunch support for Charles II of England paid off with The Restoration, however, and one of the fruits of this was the appointment of 17-year-old John Churchill to the household of the man second in line to the throne, then-Lord High Admiral, the Duke of York.
		The campaign of 1703 was indecisive overall, but Marlborough gained a substantial advantage in preempting Louis XIV's plans to invade Holland by capturing the North Eastern fortresses of the Spanish Netherlands, Venloo and Ruremonde, and by overrunning the Electorate of Cologne and the Bishopric of Liege, two German allies of Louis.
		Marlborough, skillfully bursting through Villars' fortified lines, had just taken Bouchain, and was preparing to advance into Picardy, when he was recalled to England and replaced with the Duke of Ormonde.
	www.arthistoryclub.com /art_history/John_Churchill,_1st_Duke_of_Marlborough (2584 words)

	My Family
		John Albert Edward Spencer CHURCHILL (10th Duke of Marlborough) was born on 18 September 1897 in London, England.
		John George Vanderbile Henry Spencer CHURCHILL (11th Duke of Marlborough) was born in 1926 in England.
		John II CHURCHILL (Marquis of Blandford) was born in 1690 in England.
	sneakers.pair.com /roots/b53.htm (1622 words)

	Audit Room Gallery
		Ralph, 1st Duke of Montagu, by J.B Closterman.
		John Churchill 1st Duke of Marlborough, by Sir Godfrey Kneller.
		Mary Churchill, Duchess of Montagu, by Enoch Seerman (1694-1745).
	www.boughtonhouse.org.uk /htm/tour/auditroom.htm (372 words)

	John Churchill : First Duke of Marlborough
		The first duke of Marlborough, John Churchill, is considered by many to be the greatest military tactician in the history of England.
		John Churchill was born on May 26, 1650 to his mother, Elizabeth Churchill.
		Churchill returned to the king's favor in 1698 with the death of Queen Mary.
	www.hyperhistory.net /apwh/bios/b2churchilljohn.htm (707 words)

	AllRefer.com - Marlborough, John Churchill, 1st duke of (British And Irish History, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		Marlborough, John Churchill, 1st duke of, British And Irish History, Biographies
		Marlborough, John Churchill, 1st duke of[mArl´buru, mOl´–] Pronunciation Key, 1650–1722, English general and statesman, one of the greatest military commanders of history.
		A great strategist and a shrewd diplomat, he has been criticized for inordinate love of wealth and power and for inconstant loyalties in politics.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/M/MarlboroJ.html (211 words)

	Marlborough, John Churchill, 1st duke of on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		MARLBOROUGH, JOHN CHURCHILL, 1ST DUKE OF [Marlborough, John Churchill, 1st duke of], 1650-1722, English general and statesman, one of the greatest military commanders of history.
		Marlborough woman; The Duchess of Marlborough leads an extraordinary double life: she spends half her time as mistress of Blenheim, Britain's most magnificent palace, and the other half as an abstract artist who exhibits in New York's Meatpacking District.
		How Canova and Wellington honoured Napoleon: when the Duke of Wellington was given Canova's monumental statue of Napoleon as Mars in 1816, he placed it in the stairwell of Apsley House in London.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/M/MarlboroJ1.asp (1077 words)

	MSN Encarta - Multimedia - John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough
		John Churchill, known as Marlborough, was one of England’s greatest military commanders.
		Marlborough was charged with treason for corresponding with James and although not convicted, he lost favor in the royal court.
		Louis XIV; United Kingdom; Churchill, Sir Winston Leonard Spencer; Marlborough, John Churchill, 1st Duke of
	encarta.msn.com /media_461515674/John_Churchill_1st_Duke_of_Marlborough.html (102 words)

	Military career. (from John Churchill, 1st duke of Marlborough) -- Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - The online ...
		"Marlborough, John Churchill, 1st Duke of, Marquess Of Blandford, Earl Of Marlborough, Baron Churchill Of Sandridge, Lord Churchill Of Eyemouth, Reichsfürst." Encyclopædia Britannica.
		Marlborough, John Churchill, 1st Duke of, Marquess Of Blandford, Earl Of Marlborough, Baron Churchill Of Sandridge, Lord Churchill Of Eyemouth, Reichsfürst.
		Marlborough, John Churchill, 1st Duke of, Marquess Of Blandford, Earl Of Marlborough, Baron Churchill Of Sandridge, Lord Churchill Of Eyemouth, Reichsfürst (Imperial Prince)
	www.britannica.com /ebc/article-4624 (1856 words)

	Hbc Heritage - Corporate Collections - Art - Portraits
		John Churchill, Duke of Marlborough by Geoffrey Kneller, n.d.
		John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough was born in 1650, the second son of an impoverished Stuart administrator.
		Marlborough was out of the public sphere to a large extent for the next few years.
	www.hbc.com /hbcheritage/collections/art/portraits?pm=1 (1585 words)

	St Paul's School Web Site - Famous Pupils (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		John Churchill began life as the son of an impoverished squire and is now remembered as a general and arguably one of the greatest military commanders of all time.
		Marlborough was an extremely ambitious man, notable for his lack of loyalty with a great desire for wealth and power, for which he has often been criticised.
		John André is commemorated by a number of inscriptions which remember him not only as a brilliant soldier in the service of the British, but also as an artist, musician, poet and linguist, who charmed many of the people who met him, including his enemies.
	www.opclub.com /page.aspx?id=8366 (7941 words)

	MSN Encarta - Multimedia - John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough
		John Churchill, the 1st Duke of Marlborough, was one of England’s greatest military commanders.
		He lived during the late 17th and early 18th centuries and won brilliant victories against France in the War of Spanish Succession.
		During the 1930s, his descendent Winston Churchill wrote an in-depth biography of the duke’s life and times.
	encarta.msn.com /media_461554260_761556455_-1_1/John_Churchill_1st_Duke_of_Marlborough.html (79 words)

	The Howards of Castle Howard V, the Early Churchills and Spencers of Althorp
		The Duke remarried Elizabeth Stafford, not an heiress, but the daughter of the heir to the line of Thomas Duke of Gloucester, youngest son of King Edward III progenator of the houses of York and Lancaster.
		John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough was to make his name as a successful general and courtier.
		Marlborough was recalled to lead the fight in the Netherlands against the French and maintain the Dutch alliance.
	freespace.virgin.net /owston.tj/Early_churchill.htm (999 words)

	NPG 902; John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough
		5 of 61 portraits of John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough
		John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough (1650-1722), Soldier and statesman.
		Under Marlborough's horse's hooves is the dishevelled figure of Discord, while in the clouds sits Justice; below her, Victory crowns the duke with laurel.
	www.npg.org.uk /live/search/portrait.asp?search=ss&sText=churchill&LinkID=mp02959&rNo=4&role=sit (180 words)

	The 1st Duke of Marlborough
		Marlborough's origins were more humble than Wellington's, though; his father was a knight (Sir Winston Churchill) and he did not have the benefits of belonging to the nobility or receiving an education like the young Wellington did.
		Marlborough was in charge of the army under William III, Anne, and later George I, and made his mark during the war of the Spanish Succession.
		After Marlborough's death, Sarahcompleted Blenheim herself -- and she hated Blenheim, so she built herself a townhouse, Marlborough House, which later reverted to the crown and was the residence of the Prince of Wales during Victoria's reign.
	laura.chinet.com /html/titles11.html (1784 words)

	John Churchill, 1st duke of Marlborough -- Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - The online encyclopedia you can trust!
		John Churchill, 1st duke of Marlborough, painting attributed to John Closterman; in the National …
		On the accession of James II in 1685, Churchill was made a lieutenant general and effective commander in chief.
		Grafton, Henry Fitzroy, 1st Duke of, Earl Of Euston, Viscount Ipswich, Baron Sudbury
	www.britannica.com /ebc/article-9371361 (983 words)

	John Churchill (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		A Prophecy by John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough.
		This was the motion passed by the House of Commons in 1709, in praise of one of England's greatest commanders in the field.
		The "Peace" which Marlborough predicts in the letter came three years later, with the signing of the Peace of Utrecht, June 1712.
	www.sgwilkinson.freeserve.co.uk /jchurchill.htm (179 words)

	MSS - 1st Earl of Portland, University of Nottingham
		MSS - 1st Earl of Portland, University of Nottingham
		2 ff Pw A 281 17.9.1695 Letter from John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, St Albans [Hertfordshire], to William Bentinck, 1st, Earl of Portland; 17 Sep. n.y.
		Churchill has signed the letter 'the Prince and the Duke of Marlborough'; this reflects his creation as Prince of Mindelheim by the Holy Roman Emperor [Nov. 1705].
	www.nottingham.ac.uk /mss/online/online-mss-catalogues/cats/port_1stearl2cat.html (1904 words)

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