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	John Daniell
		John Frederic Daniell was born in London, England, on 12 March 1790 as the son of a lawyer.
		Daniell began experiments in 1835 in an attempt to improve the Voltaic battery with its problem of being unsteady and as a weak source of electrical current.
		Daniell's battery consisted of a cylindrical copper vessel that served as the passive plate (pole).
	www.corrosion-doctors.org /Biographies/DaniellBio.htm (986 words)

	Daniell
		John Frederic Daniell was British chemist and meteorologist who invented the Daniell cell, which was a great improvement over the voltaic cell used in the early days of battery development.
		Daniell's hygrometer, as it was called, enabled the easy determination of vapor that existed in a given mass of atmosphere.
		Daniell found that in fusing metals a liquid is constantly moved by the cooling of its exterior.
	www.jergym.hiedu.cz /~canovm/objevite/objev4/dana.htm (2432 words)

	Thomas Daniell - LoveToKnow 1911
		THOMAS DANIELL (1749-1840), English landscape painter, was born at the Chertsey inn, kept by his father, in 1749, and apprenticed to an heraldic painter.
		Daniell, however, was animated with a love of the romantic and beautiful in architecture and nature.
		William Daniell (1769-1837), his nephew, was fourteen when he accompanied his uncle to India.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Thomas_Daniell (457 words)

	John Frederic Daniell - College History - King's College London
		The chemist John Frederic Daniell (1790-1845) was a self-taught polymath who acquired a precocious interest in chemistry after a period of work in the sugar-refining factory of a relative.
		Daniell was awarded the Copley and Royal medals by the Royal Society for his contribution to the study of electricity and electrolysis.
		Daniell collapsed and died at a meeting of the Royal Society in 1845.
	www.kcl.ac.uk /college/history/people/daniell.html (343 words)

	Today in Technology History - Mar 12
		John Frederic Daniell was born in London on March 12, 1790.
		With a friend, Daniell then made several scientific trips through Europe; these trips resulted in papers in chemistry which were of sufficient quality and originality to attract significant attention.
		Daniell invented a new hygrometer (a device for measuring humidity) and a new pyrometer (a thermometer used for measuring very high temperatures).
	www.tecsoc.org /pubs/history/2002/mar12.htm (280 words)

	John Frederic Daniell - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		John Frederic Daniell (March 12, 1790 - March 13, 1845) was an English chemist and physicist.
		Daniell was born in London, and in 1831 became the first professor of chemistry at the newly founded King's College London.
		He died suddenly of apoplexy in London, while attending a meeting of the council of the Royal Society, of which he became a fellow in 1813 and foreign secretary in 1839.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/John_Frederic_Daniell (271 words)

	Daniell (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		John Frederic Daniell (1790-1845) was born in London and took his first job at a sugar refinery and resin factory.
		Daniell's copper-depolarized battery (1836) and Grove’s nitric acid depolarized cell were fortuitous arrivals.
		Daniell was a friend and admirer of Michael Faraday and in 1839 he dedicated his book “Intro-duction to the Study of Chemical Philosophy” to him.
	www.bioanalytical.com /info/calendar/97/daniell.htm (273 words)

	Today in Technology History - Mar 13
		Despite the early accomplishments of John Frederic Daniell in the fields of chemistry and meteorology --
		The "Daniell cell," as the invention was called, was the first truly practical and reliable electric battery.
		Daniell was awarded a medal for his invention.
	www.tecsoc.org /pubs/history/2002/mar13.htm (325 words)

	March 13 - Today in Science History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		John Hasbrouck Van Vleck was an American physicist and mathematician who shared the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1977 with Philip W. Anderson and Sir Nevill F. Mott.
		British chemist and meteorologist who invented the Daniell cell, which was a great improvement over the voltaic cell used in the early days of battery development.
		Daniell had solved the problem of polarization due to the was a thin film of hydrogen bubbles that formed over the positive electrode that reduced current.
	www.todayinsci.com /3/3_13.htm (2207 words)

	March in Chemistry
		John Hall Gladstone born 1827: refractive index of gases and its relationship to density.
		John Frederick William Herschel born 1792: invented photography on sensitized paper; introduced terms "positive" and "negative" to photography (as well as "photography" itself); astronomer and son of astronomer William Herschel.
		John Frederic Daniell born 1790: invented Daniell electrochemical cell (a galvanic cell involving copper, zinc, and solutions of their sulfates).
	web2.lemoyne.edu /~giunta/March.html (2049 words)

	Herschel family Papers, 1721-1951, (bulk 1810-1871). AIP International Catalog of Sources
		Among manuscripts of Sir John Herschel's works are his writings on actinometry, astronomy, the barometer, biology, chemistry, geology, music, photography, physical optics, physics, and other subjects, as well as 37 poems he wrote between 1826 and 1842.
		Books from Sir John Herschel's library, including books by members of the Herschel family, as well as presentation copies of memoirs and treatises by other scientists, have been withdrawn from the collection and cataloged in the HRHRC book collection.
		Photographs by Sir John Herschel and W.H. Fox Talbot have been removed from the collection and are housed in the HRHRC Photography Collection.
	www.aip.org /history/catalog/icos/3668.html (755 words)

	Daniell, John Frederic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		Daniell was born in London and privately educated.
		Daniell's other work included the development of improved processes for sugar manufacturing; investigations into gas generation by the distillation of resin dissolved in turpentine; and inventing a new type of dew-point hygrometer for measuring humidity (1820) and a pyrometer for measuring the temperatures of furnaces (1830).
		He also studied the behaviour of the Earth's atmosphere; gave an explanation of trade winds; researched into the meteorological effects of solar radiation and of the cooling of the Earth; suggested improvements for several meteorological instruments; and pointed out the importance of humidity in the management of greenhouses.
	www.cartage.org.lb /en/themes/Biographies/MainBiographies/D/Daniell/1.html (208 words)

	John Frederic Daniell Biography \| World of Invention
		John Frederic Daniell was a scientist and inventor whose widespread interests reflected the relatively unified nature of the science of his day.
		His contributions to technology started with the introduction of improvements to the sugar refining industry when he was a young man. Later, he brought improvements in the lighting industry to Europe and America by producing a new gas from a distillate of resin in turpentine.
		Daniell was active as a teacher, writer and illustrator, and made himself known as a social philosopher.
	www.bookrags.com /biography/john-frederic-daniell-woi (267 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		Daniel Bernoulli was also the first to explain that the pressure exerted by a gas on the walls of its container is the sum of the many collisions by individual molecules, all moving independently of each other - the basis of the gas laws and the modern kinetic theory of gases.
		John (Jean/Johann) Bernoulli, James' brother and father of Daniel was clever but unscrupulous, fraudulently substituting the work of his brother James, of whom he was jealous, for his own to cover up his errors.
		Daniell's cell was however based on a similar non polarising battery design demonstrated by Becquerel in 1829 which used nitrate electrolytes rather than the sulphate electrolytes used by Daniell.
	www.battech.co.uk /hob.htm (21140 words)

	Energy Time Line - Year 1830 to 1839 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		John Frederic Daniell invents the Daniell cell, the first reliable source of electric current.
		Grove also develops a form of electric cell based on zinc and platinum electrodes in two forms of acid separated by a diaphragm.
		This cell nearly doubles the voltage of the Daniell cell.
	www.energyquest.ca.gov /time_machine/1830ce-1840ce.html (504 words)

	Daniell cell - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Daniel cell), also called the gravity cell or crowfoot cell was invented in 1836 by John Frederic Daniell, who was a British chemist and meteorologist.
		The Daniell cell was a great improvement over and is somewhat safer than the voltaic cell used in the early days of battery development.
		The Daniel cell's theoretical voltage is 1.1 volts and the chemical reaction is:
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Daniell_cell (271 words)

	Super Scientists - John Frederic Daniell
		He invented the Daniell Cell in 1836, which was a big improvement in the battery.
		Among Daniell's other inventions was a new type of dew-point hygrometer to measure humidity and a pyrometer to measure the heat in a furnace.
		Biography of John Frederic Daniell, Dr. Eugenii Katz, Department of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem
	www.energyquest.ca.gov /scientists/daniell.html (163 words)

	John Frederic Daniell - Wikipedia (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab1.isi.jhu.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		Daniells Forschungen zur Entwicklung von Konstantstromquellen erfolgte in derselben Zeit (späte 1830er Jahre), in der die ersten Telegrafenapparate beschafft wurden.
		Daniells Kupfer-Zink-Element (1836) und Groves Salpetersäure-Zelle waren gelungene Neuentwicklungen.
		Daniell war Freund und Verehrer von Michael Faraday; er widmete ihm sein 1839 erschienenes Buch "Introduction to the Study of Chemical Philosophy".
	de.wikipedia.org.cob-web.org:8888 /wiki/John_Frederic_Daniell (303 words)

	Free Essay Frederic Chopin Biography
		A 7 page research paper that analyzes the music of Frederic Chopin as representative of the Romantic era, focusing on his work known as the "Minute Waltz"...
		This 5 page paper looks at the life and work of the British scientist John Frederic Daniell (1790 — 1845), tracing his life from birth to death and expla...
		Frederic Francois Chopin, one of the greatest composers of all time, was born in Zelazowa Wola, near Warsaw on February 22, 1810.
	www.echeat.com /essay.php?t=25679 (1348 words)

	Electrochemistry
		Undoubtedly, these experiments led to his untimely death at the age of 33.
		Daniell was born in London and was appointed professor of chemistry at King's College, London.
		Daniell's copper battery (1836) became the standard for British and American telegraph systems.
	web.fccj.org /~ethall/electro/electro.htm (962 words)

	Hygrometer History (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab1.isi.jhu.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		Robert Hooke invented the universal joint, the iris diaphragm, and an early prototype of the respirator; invented the anchor escapement and the balance spring, which made more accurate clocks possible, invented or improved meteorological instruments such as the barometer, anemometer, and hygrometer; and so on.
		In 1820, British chemist and meteorologist, John Frederic invented a dew-point hygrometer, which came into widespread use.
		Daniel is best known for inventing the Daniell cell, an improvement over the voltaic cell used in the early history of battery development.
	inventors.about.com.cob-web.org:8888 /library/inventors/blhygrometer.htm (491 words)

	Closure of the King's College, London, Chemistry Department (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		In particular it should be noted that John Frederic Daniell was elected as the first professor of Chemistry in the then newly founded college in 1831.
		Here Daniell invented the first electrochemical cell, laying down the foundations of the study of electrochemistry and hence influencing much of Physical Chemistry and Physical-Science.
		It should be noted that Daniell family gave much material to the King's College archive chronicling his life as well as that related to his friend and colleague Michael Faraday (see photo of Daniell and Faraday on the right).
	www.tfmweb.com /scipro/album/Kings/closure.htm (1121 words)

	Electric Battery History - Invention of the Electric Battery (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		1836 John F. Daniell an English chemist, produced a cell that was not subject to polarization.
		In 1820, the British researcher John Frederic Daniell improved the voltaic cell.
		The Daniell cell consisted of copper and zinc plates and copper and zinc sulphates.
	www.ideafinder.com /history/inventions/story066.htm (2557 words)

	THOMAS DANIELL (1749–1... - Online Information article about THOMAS DANIELL (1749–1...
		- Online Information article about THOMAS DANIELL (1749–1...
		Search over 40,000 articles from the original, classic Encyclopedia Britannica, 11th Edition.
		Daniell, however, was animated with a love of the romantic and beautiful in See also:
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /DAH_DEM/DANIELL_THOMAS_17491840_.html (381 words)

	CEA - Digital America 2005
		But there were still no electrical gadgets, until Henry, working with an obscure painter named Samuel F.B. Morse, used the principal of magnetic induction to invent the first electronic communications device, the telegraph in 1837.
		In 1836, British John Frederic Daniell combined copper and zinc and created the Daniell cell, the forerunner of today's batteries.
		In 1839, young Frenchman Alexandre-Edmond Becquerel discovered the photovoltaic effect - power from light - without which most solar calculators would be useless.
	www.ce.org /Press/CEA_Pubs/831.asp (1407 words)

	AIM25: King's College London College Archives: DANIELL, John Frederic (1790-1845)
		Scope and content/abstract: The collection comprises correspondence, mainly concerning meteorological readings and Daniell's religious beliefs, lecture notebooks and printed pamphlets on meteorology and the battery, certificates of membership of learned societies, and obituaries and biographies of Daniell, 1821-1990.
		Archival history: The bulk of the papers were presented by a relative, Miss Daniell, with additional material presented by Canon G W Daniell, grandson, and Samuel Hunter Christie, mathematician.
		Publication note: David Davies, 'John Frederic Daniell', in Chemistry in Britain, October 1990.
	www.aim25.ac.uk /cats/6/2886.htm (285 words)

	From the Editor - February, 2005 - 1-Feb-05: Bulletin On-Line From the Editor article: contact Art Berman
		The voltaic cell could generate electricity only for a short time before accumulated hydrogen on the copper pole blocked the flow of current.
		It was not until the advent of the Daniell cell in 1836 that storage batteries became a possible source of electricity (Katz, 2004) and many years later before it was generally available.
		Batteries,” notes Bill Burns, an expert on telegraph history, were used on the early cable systems because there was no alternative.
	www.hgs.org /en/articles/printview.asp?278 (4384 words)

	Science in the 19th Century Periodical (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab1.isi.jhu.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection; or, The Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life, London: John Murray
		The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals, London: John Murray
		A Description of Active and Extinct Volcanos: With Remarks on their Origin, their Chemical Phaenomena, and the Character of their Products, as Determined by the Condition of the Earth During the Period of their Formation; Being the Substance of Some Lectures, Delivered Before the University of Oxford, with Much Additional Matter, London: W. Phillips
	www.sciper.org.cob-web.org:8888 /browse/bib_d.html (1905 words)

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