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	John Howard Northrop Summary
		Northrop found that although carbon dioxide output, a measure of energy expended, was greater at 15°C than at 22°C, the flies lived longer at 15°C than at 22°C. This discovery exploded the existing hypothesis that life duration was regulated by an energy limit.
		John Howard Northrop, a Nobel laureate in chemistry, is best known for his work on the purification and crystallization of enzymes, which regulate important body functions like digestion and respiration.
		Northrop's studies on the chemical composition of enzymes enabled him to confirm the hypothesis that enzymes are proteins--a discovery that spurred much additional research on these critical catalysts of biochemical reactions.
	www.bookrags.com /John_Howard_Northrop (2382 words)

	John H. Northrop - Biography
		John Howard Northrop was born in Yonkers, New York, on July 5th, 1891.
		His father, John I. Northrop, an instructor at Columbia, was fatally injured in a laboratory accident shortly before his birth.
		Northrop's researches at Columbia were chiefly concerned with carbohydrates and his early work at the Rockefeller Institute was connected with theories of duration of life.
	www.nobel.se /chemistry/laureates/1946/northrop-bio.html (651 words)

	Air Force Magazine
		Northrop was a seminal figure in aviation, pio- neering advancements at both Lockheed and Douglas before striking out with his own com- pany, which today is among the top three defense contractors.
		John Knudsen Northrop was born in Newark, N.J., on Nov. 10, 1895.
		Northrop later maintained, “As far as the structure is concerned, that which was developed into the Alpha was really the pioneer for every airplane in the sky today.” He always insisted that this structural innovation was his greatest contribution to aviation technology.
	www.afa.org /magazine/Oct2005/1005northrop.asp (3278 words)

	Biographical Memoirs
		Young John's earliest recollection1 of his mother is of her sitting at her desk correcting proof of "A Naturalist in the Bahamas,"2 a report of a collecting trip his mother and father had made in 1889.
		John undermined the existing theory of life duration being fixed by an energy limit, for he found that carbon dioxide output, a measure of energy expended, was greater at 15°C than at 22°C, yet at 15°C the flies lived longer than at the higher temperature.
		John also found that inbreeding of aseptic drosophila for 230 generations in the dark had no discernable effect on their life duration, fecundity, or resistance to harmful bacteria.
	books.nap.edu /books/0309049768/html/422.html (3935 words)

	Science Timeline
		In 1926, Donald Howard Menzel, in "The Planetary Nebulae," raised the possibility that the Balmer emission lines, lines in the hydrogen spectrum created when electrons drop back to a lower energy level, are "the result of photoionization by ultraviolet star light, followed by recombination of free electrons and protons" (Lang and Gingerich 1979:573).
		IIn 1931, John Howard Northrop and Moses Kunitz, applying the phase rule solubility test for the homogeneity of dissolved solids, corroborated J. Sumner's belief that enzymes are proteins.
		In 1933, John Howard Northrop isolated and crystallized the protein-splitting enzymes pepsin, trypsin, and chymotrypsin (Northrop 1935).
	www.sciencetimeline.net /1926.htm (5301 words)

	John Howard Northrop Winner of the 1946 Nobel Prize in Chemistry
		John Howard Northrop — Biography (submitted by Chinnappan Baskar)
		John Howard Northrop brief CV (submitted by Erica)
		John Howard Northrop Biography from Encyclopedia Britannica (submitted by www.britannica.com)
	www.almaz.com /nobel/chemistry/1946b.html (111 words)

	John K. Northrop
		Northrop's work came on a Sunday in 1932 when, in a hanger near Mines Field (now LAX), I first saw Frank Hawks' new plane, a beautiful silver bird with a red fire chief's hat on the side.
		Northrop was also responsible for the beautiful Lockheeds (Wiley Post's Winnie Mae, etc.).
		Northrop also laid out the basic design and configuration of the Air Express and Sirius.
	www.slonet.org /~mhd/Passions/Northrop/northrop.htm (489 words)

	John Howard Northrop - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		John Howard Northrop (July 5, 1891 – May 27, 1987) was an American biochemist who won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1946 (with James Batcheller Sumner and Wendell Meredith Stanley) for purifying and crystallizing certain enzymes.
		During World War I, he conducted research for the U.S. Army Chemical Warfare Service on the production of acetone and ethanol through fermentation.
		In 1929 he isolated and crystallized the gastric enzyme pepsin and determined that it was a protein and in 1938 he isolated and crystallized the first bacteriophage (a small virus that attacks bacteria), and determined that it was a nucleoprotein.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/John_Howard_Northrop (245 words)

	10.17.2001 - Berkeley’s Nobel tradition
		Two Berkeley chemists, John Howard Northrop and Wendell Stanley, made breakthrough discoveries about the workings of the human body.
		Northrop isolated a pure enzyme for the first time in history.
		It was the hope of economist John Harsanyi that his research could improve social welfare and lead to world peace.
	www.berkeley.edu /news/berkeleyan/2001/10/17_time.html (1127 words)

	Northrop, John (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The son of biologists, Northrop was born in Yonkers, New York, and educated at Columbia, obtaining his PhD there in 1915.
		Using Northrop's techniques, Wendell Stanley was able in 1936 to isolate and crystallize the tobacco mosaic virus, and showed it to be composed of nucleoprotein.
		Subsequently (1938) Northrop isolated a bacteriophage (bacterial virus) and demonstrated that this also consisted of nucleoprotein.
	cartage.org.lb /en/themes/biographies/MainBiographies/N/Northrop/1.html (168 words)

	Where > Northrop Fields at Covenant Park ::: sacKick.com
		Northrop Fields at Covenant Park is gaining the reputation across the region as the training site for the elite soccer program.
		Grass fields at Northrop Fields at Covenant Park are primarily utilized for games only.
		Synthetic turf fields at Northrop Fields at Covenant Park are used for practices and training on a fee basis only.
	sackick.com /where/fields/northrop.htm (908 words)

	John Howard Northrop - Wikipédia
		John Howard Northrop (5 juillet 1891 - 27 mai 1987) est un biochimiste américain, colauréat avec James Batcheller Sumner et Wendell Meredith Stanley du prix Nobel de chimie 1946.
		Northrop est né à Yonkers (New York) et a fait ses études à l'Université Columbia, où il obtient son doctorat de chimie en 1915.
		Northrop isole également le pepsinogène (précurseur de la pepsine), la trypsine, la chymotrypsine et la carboxypeptidase.
	fr.wikipedia.org /wiki/John_Howard_Northrop (285 words)

	Kay Guide: A Survey of the Life Sciences
		Perhaps the greatest influence of all was exerted by Simon Flexner*, who had made his mark in bacteriology and pathology before the turn of the century; the extensive collection of his papers at the APS provides a wealth of information on his scientific contributions.
		Manuscript sources at the APS on Nobel laureate John Howard Northrop**, who led these researches at the Rockefeller Institute, include several files on his scientific activities.
		America's principal leaders of scientific medicine, the Johns Hopkins bacteriologist William H. Welch and his disciples ("Welch rabbits"), were a major force in planning the institute; the policies were implemented by Welch's protégé, Simon Flexner*, the Institute's director for over thirty years.
	www.amphilsoc.org /library/guides/kay/Survey.htm (7225 words)

	NewJerseyLifeScience.com
		In 1928, Thomas Hunt Morgan transferred to the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) to organize work in biology, and five years later he was awarded the 1933 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his chromosome theory of heredity.
		John Howard Northop and Wendell Meredith Stanley of the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research in Princeton, New Jersey were awarded the 1946 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for their preparation of enzymes and virus proteins in a pure form.
		The transistor, the invention that marked the dawn of the information age, was invented by John Bardeen, William Shockley and Walter Brattain at ATandT's Bell Laboratories.
	www.newjerseylifescience.com /biohistory.htm (3904 words)

	timelinescience - 1926 to 1950
		Karl Landsteiner from America wins the Nobel Prize for discovering the 4 human blood groups A, B, AB, O. American biochemist John Howard Northrop crystallises the enzyme pepsin which is a major step on the road to understanding the chemical nature of enzymes and how they work.
		Howard Aiken and his team at IBM produce their Mark I computer, which uses punched paper tape for programming.
		The Americans John Mauchly and John Eckert complete ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator And Computer), the first all-purpose electronic computer.
	www.timelinescience.org /years/1950.htm (1413 words)

	July 5 - Today in Science History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		French chemist who proved (1808) that the relative quantities of any given pure chemical compound's constituent elements remain invariant, regardless of the compound's source, and thus provided crucial evidence in support of John Dalton's "law of definite proportions," which holds that elements in any compound are present in fixed proportion to each other.
		The rocket motor in the MX-324 used monoethylaniline and red fuming nitric acidAfter a tow to 8,000 feet from a P-38, the Aerojet motor was ignited and it began to produce 200 lb.
		Governor John Winthrop recorded New England’s first tornado when he wrote, "There arose a sudden gust so violent for one-half hour as it blew down multitudes of trees.
	www.todayinsci.com /7/7_05.htm (3324 words)

	Manuscripts Guide -- R
		A few letters to John Torrey, Amos Eaton, and Reuben Haines; journals of travels to the Appalachian mountains, 1833, and to the source of the Schuylkill River, 1834.
		Except for John Peter Gassiot, William Huggins, Edwin R. Lankester, James Mackintosh, David Prain, and William Whewell, most correspondents are represented by only one or two letters.
		Some of the correspondents are Sir Richard Owen, John Tyndall, Alfred Russel Wallace, and William Turner Thistleton-Dyer.
	www.amphilsoc.org /library/mole/r.htm (4276 words)

	Re: discoverer of proteins
		People who believed in the "Vital Force" of yeast caused the fermentation reaction argued that no matter what you purified, you could not completely disprove the notion that the life force was somehow carried along with what you purified.
		It was the famous work of Moses Kunitz and John Howard Northrop at the Rockefeller Institute in New York City in the 1930s that finally convinced the world.
		In all of these experiments, the fact that the physical materials moves or is inactivated in the same way as the biological activity led to the conclusion that the catalytic power was an intrinsic property of the protein, thus ending the great debate.
	www.madsci.org /posts/archives/feb98/888588800.Sh.r.html (1220 words)

	john howard - OneLook Dictionary Search
		Tip: Click on the first link on a line below to go directly to a page where "john howard" is defined.
		HOWARD, JOHN : 1911 edition of the Encyclopedia Britannica [home, info]
		Phrases that include john howard: john howard northrop, john howard carpenter, john howard griffin, john howard payne, norfolk john howard 1st duke of
	www.onelook.com /?w=john+howard&ls=a (145 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Working with Howard Florey, Chain isolated and purified penicillin and performed the first clinical trials.
		Lord Rayleigh (John William Strutt) receives the Nobel Prize in physics “for his investigations of the densities of the most important gases and for his discovery of argon in connection with these studies.”
		John Mayow, an English chemist and physiologist, dies.
	www.chemheritage.org /explore/dateline04/timeline.html (2405 words)

	This week in science history \| The San Diego Union-Tribune
		Sally Ride, the first American woman to orbit Earth, in 1951.
		John Howard Northrop, American biochemist who received the Nobel Prize for chemistry, in 1987 at age 96.
		In 1934, the Dionne quintuplets were born near Callender, Ontario.
	www.signonsandiego.com /uniontrib/20040526/news_lz1c26scihist.html (102 words)

	Nobel Prize in Chemistry Info - Bored Net - Boredom (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		James Batcheller Sumner, John Howard Northrop, Wendell Meredith Stanley
		Dudley R. Herschbach, Yuan T. Lee, John C. Polanyi
		Paul D. Boyer, John E. Walker, Jens C. Skou
	www.borednet.com /e/n/encyclopedia/n/no/nobel_prize_in_chemistry.html (1055 words)

	Nobel Prize in Chemistry - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Archer John Porter Martin, Richard Laurence Millington Synge
		Dudley R. Herschbach, Yuan T. Lee (李遠哲), John C. Polanyi
		Kurt Wüthrich, John B. Fenn, Koichi Tanaka (田中耕一)
	www.knowledgehunter.info /wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Chemistry (1113 words)

	Press Release: Havemeyer Hall Marks Centennial (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Another major figure was Harold C. Urey, who used spectroscopic methods to identify deuterium, a heavy isotope of hydrogen, within Havemeyer's walls in 1931, work that won him the Nobel Prize in Chemistry three years later.
		Alumni who studied in Havemeyer and later won the Nobel include Irving Langmuir, who won in 1932; John Howard Northrop in 1946; William H. Stein, 1972; Roald Hoffman, 1981; Herbert A. Hauptman in 1985 and Sidney Altman in 1989.
		Havemeyer is one of six McKim, Meade and White buildings that anchor Low Memorial Library on the Morningside Heights campus.
	www.columbia.edu /cu/pr/96_99/18988.html (613 words)

	Technical Information
		John Howard Northrop & Wendell Merdith Stanley - enzymes and virus proteins in a pure form
		Paul D. Boyer & John E. Walker - elucidiation of the enzymatic mechanism underlying the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate
		John B. Fenn and Koichi Tanaka - development of soft desorption ionisation methods for mass spectrometric analyses of biological macromolecules and Kurt Wüthrich - development of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy for determining the three-dimensional structure of biological macromolecules in solution
	www.accustandard.com /asi/tech_info.php3 (1067 words)

	John Howard Northrop - Wikipedia
		Mai 1987 in Wickenberg, Arizona) war ein US-amerikanischer Chemiker.
		Northrop erhielt 1946 zusammen mit Wendell Meredith Stanley die Hälfte des Nobelpreis für Chemie "für ihre Darstellung von Enzymen und Virus-Proteinen in reiner Form".
		Die zweite Hälfte des Preises ging an James Batcheller Sumner.
	de.wikipedia.org /wiki/John_Howard_Northrop (69 words)

	Nothingandall: On this day in History - Jul 05
		1610 - John Guy sets sail from Bristol with 39 other colonists for Newfoundland.
		1820 - William John Macquorn Rankine was born.
		1891 - John Howard Northrop was born (d.
	nothingandall.blogspot.com /2006/07/on-this-day-in-history-jul-05.html (1268 words)

	1946 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Chemistry - James B. Sumner John Howard Northrop Wendell Meredith Stanley
		Misunderestimated: The President Battles Terrorism, John Kerry, and the Bush Haters
		This, i.e., Misunderestimated: The President Battles Terrorism, John Kerry, and the Bush Haters by Bill Sammon (Author), is riveting portrait of President Bush as he broadens the war on terror overseas -- and plunges into high-stakes political battles at...
	www.freeglossary.com /1946 (2024 words)

	History of Chemistry (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Sir John Kendrew, Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1962, 1974-1982: The Kendrew Era, An Interview with EMBL's First Director General Sir John Kendrew,
		John Cowdary Kendrew, Sir John Cowdery Kendrew, Sir John Cowdery Kendrew, Protein Structure: 3D Structure, John Kendrew, Protein Crystallography and Computing: Recollections of the 50s.
		Sir John Cowdery Kendrew, Sir John Cowdery Kendrew
	www.chemistrycoach.com /history_of_chemistry.htm (3201 words)

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