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Trabzon Trabzon, formerly known as Trebizond, is a city on the Black Sea coast of north-eastern Turkey. Alexius Comnenus, a grandson of emperor Andronicus I Comnenus, made Trebizond the seat of an empire, and because of this connection the polity was sometimes referred to as the Comnenus Empire. Trebizond controlled an area across the southern Black Sea coast, and parts of the Crimean peninsula and Kerch briefly in the thirteenth century. www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/tr/Trabzon.html   (673 words)

Roman Emperors DIR John II Comnenus, Emperor of Cyprus John had refused to renew the treaty that his father Alexius had made with the Venetians, no doubt in part due to the fact that Sicily was no longer perceived as a threat. John was delayed from marching immediately to its rescue due to the death of his wife (Cinnamus[[12]]). John's sojourn in Byzantium was brief, for, despite illness, he needed to go to the rescue of Lopadium in Mysia (spring 1139), and the regions of the Sangarius river. www.roman-emperors.org /johncomn.htm   (3157 words)

CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Trebizond In 1462 Trebizond was taken by assault by the troops of Mohammed II, and its last emperor, David, was exiled to the vicinity of Serrae in Macedonia. At present Trebizond is the capital of the vilayet of the same name, bounded by those of Sivas and Erzeroum, the Black Sea, and Asiatic Russia, which after the war of 1877 absorbed a part of its territory. The Capuchins are established for the Latins at Trebizond, Samsun, and Ineboli, and are dependent on the delegate Apostolic at Constantinople; the Sisters of St. Joseph of the Apparition have a boarding-school at Trebizond. www.newadvent.org /cathen/15028a.htm   (1108 words)

The [True] ORDER OF SAINT EUGENE OF TREBIZOND - NEW BYZANTIUM THE establishment of the Empire of Trebizond is based on a branch of the prestigious Anatolian family of the Comnenus of Komana in Pontus who due to a dispute with the Byzantine Emperor sought refuge in Georgia. The Church of Saint John was constructed in 1306 by Theodora Tzanichites and Gregorios Kamachenos and in 1856 it was renovated by the Metropolitan Constantinos (1830-1879). It was constructed in a cave at an altitude of 1,628 meters in the valley of Macka in the mountains of Zigana, 54km to the south of Trebizond. www.new-byzantium.org /trebizon.html   (3890 words)

John II of Trebizond - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia After returning to Trebizond, John II abandoned the title 'Emperor of the Romans' for that of 'Emperor and Autocrat of all the East, the Iberians, and the Transmarine Provinces', although Iberia had been lost in the reign of Andronikos I Gidos. During John II's absence, the Georgian King of Imereti, David VI Narin had taken advantage of the situation and attempting to restore Georgian influence in the Empire of Trebizond besieged the capital. In spite of this and the continued prosperity of Trebizond, the reign of John II coincided with the conquest of the western province of Chalybia by the Turks, who took advantage of the problems caused by the Georgian invasion and the civil war between John and Theodora. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/John_II_of_Trebizond   (600 words)

Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Alexios I of Trebizond (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.unc.edu)   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03) Those three places all declared for Alexios, and while he remained cautiously in the neighbourhood of Trebizond, his brother David, aided by the Georgians and local mercenaries, made himself master of Pontus and Paphlagonia, including Kastamonou, said to be the ancestral castle of the Komnenoi. Kay Khusrau I, the new Sultan of Iconium, besieged Trebizond in 1205 or 1206. John Eugenikos in his later panegyric, called it 'the apple of the eye of all Asia', and it was believed by its inhabitants to enjoy the special protection of Saint Eugenios of Trebizond. www.reference.com.cob-web.org:8888 /browse/wiki/Alexius_I_of_Trebizond   (1073 words)

Pulling at the Threads of Renaissance History Professor John Monfasani of the Department of History is the first to tell a visitor that his new book Greeks and Latins in Renaissance Italy: Studies on Humanism and Philosophy in the 15th Century (Ashgate/ Variorum) is not for the layperson. Trebizond was the enemy of Bessarion, a Greek cardinal who studied philosophy under Gemistus Pletho. His nemesis, George of Trebizond, wrote of the dangers of subversive paganism, and published a comparison of Plato and Aristotle, which led to Bessarion writing a defense of Plato. www.albany.edu /news/campus_news/2005/mar2005/monfasani.htm   (844 words)

The Age of Chivalry - Empire of Trebizond 1204-1461   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03) Trebizond also sometimes benefited from the matrimonial ties of their emperors with the various Turkic and Georgian princes from neighbouring regions. Trebizond enjoyed a lot of wealth and prosperity as it was the commercial route with which merchants took through Asia Minor. Thus the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, Mehmed the Conqueror (so-called because of his capture of the Byzantine capital Constantinople in 1453) gathered a huge army reportedly consisting of 60,000 horse and 80,000 foot and laid siege to the city in 1461. www.taoc.co.uk /content/view/32/45   (1031 words)

History of the Empire of Trebizond Part 2 John showed some resistance; since it was the title of ancestors used from the Empire's birth on, but at last weakly yielded and was married to Eudokia, a daughter of Michael. John was victorious and was crowned in the Church of the "Golden Headed Virgin." He though, was to prove himself a weak and feckless ruler who only helped aggravate the civil troubles of Trebizond. His real name was John but as a sign of the desperation of the times, he took the name of Alexios, the name of his deceased brother who had accompanied him but died prematurely, because of its better connotation with the people of Trebizond. www.ancientworlds.net /aw/Post/634249   (6396 words)

George of Trebizond He was one of the foremost of the Greeks to arrive in Italy (c.1420) before the fall of Constantinople. After teaching for a time at Venice and Florence he came to Rome, and when Eugenius IV (1431-47) restored the University of Rome (1431), one of its most important professorships was assigned to George of Trebizond, who had acquired the highest repute as a master of Latin style. By Nicholas V (1447-1455) he was much sought after as a translator of Greek works -- such as the "Syntaxis" of Ptolemy and the "Praeparatio Evangelica" of Eusebius. www.catholicity.com /encyclopedia/g/george_of_trebizond.html   (370 words)

Faith and Doubt in Rose Macaulay's The Towers of Trebizond Anglican Theological Review - Find Articles In her last novel, The Towers of Trebizond, as well as in her personal biography, readers will discover an intriguing story that offers insights into obstacles to belief and into the relation of faith and doubt. She wrote Trebizond after her return to the Anglican fold, but in this work of fiction she does not presume to mark out for her readers the steps on the journey of faith which only they could take. Trebizond offers the story of an Englishwoman named Laurie, whose personality is uniquely her own, while her situation is both individual and common. www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3818/is_200601/ai_n16066373   (852 words)

Medieval Sourcebook: Byzantium John of Nikiu: On the Factions in Egypt. John of Damascus: In Defence of Icons, c 730, extracts from On the Holy Icons and the Fount of Wisdom. Pantokrator: Typikon of Emperor John II Komnenos for the Monastery of Christ Pantokrator at Constantinople (trans. www.fordham.edu /halsall/sbook1c.html   (3421 words)

John the New of Suceava - OrthodoxWiki On arriving in Cetatea Albă, Reiz spread a rumour that John, despite being raised Christian, was interested in the Muslim faith. John's incorrupt relics have been kept at the monastery bearing his name in that city until the present. Saint John the New is one of the most venerated saints in Moldova, and many miracles are associated with his relics. orthodoxwiki.org /John_the_New_of_Suceava   (375 words)

Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Andronikos I of Trebizond (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.unc.edu)   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03) A pact was made between them that in the future the tie of vassalage, which had previously bound Trebizond to Iconium, should cease, and that the Trapezuntines should no longer be obliged either to perform military service to the sultan or to send tribute or gifts. Many of Jalal-ad-din's troops, after their defeat at Aklat in 1230, sought refuge at Trebizond, that the Trapezuntine contingent had assisted the Shah in that battle. Iberia and Lazica, which had been subject to Trebizond, whose eastern frontier had been Soteropolis, separated themselves from the empire and formed an independent kingdom of Imereti under David VI Narin, son of the Georgian Queen Rusudan. www.reference.com.cob-web.org:8888 /browse/wiki/Andronikos_I_of_Trebizond   (843 words)

Saint Patrick's Church: Saints of January 5 John was the third of six children of a German father, Philip, and Czech mother, Agnes. John was especially interested in botany and astronomy, in addition to theology and Scripture. In 1847, John was named vice regent and superior of the American Redemptorists, while he was a parish priest in Baltimore. www.saintpatrickdc.org /ss/0105.htm   (3562 words)

Trapezuntine Byzantine (1204-1461 AD) DBA IV-34 by Andy Hooper Gamers and Historians both tend to dismiss the Byzantine Empire of Trebizond as a Ruritanian adventure with relatively little political or military impact, and to assume that the nation was composed of refugees who huddled together waiting for the inevitable tide of Turkish expansion to consume them. Trebizond therefore survived several invasions that were catastrophic to other states in the region, including the Mongol Conquest in the 13th Century, and the campaigns of Tamerlane at the opening of the 15th. Trebizond was therefore an immensely wealthy state at times, and used their economic strength to hire professional soldiers from all around the region. www.fanaticus.org /DBA/armies/IV34/index.html   (994 words)

John I of Trebizond - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.unc.edu)   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03) John I Megas Komnenos Axouchos (Greek: Ιωάννης Α΄ Μέγας Κομνηνός Αξούχος, Iōannēs I Megas Komnēnos Axoukhos), was Emperor of Trebizond from 1235 to 1238. He was the eldest son of Alexios I of Trebizond and Theodora Axouchina, and was perhaps still a minor at the time of his father's death in 1222, as the throne passed to his brother-in-law, Andronikos I Gidos. John succeeded on his brother-in-law's death in 1235 and had a brief and uneventful reign of three years, dying in 1238 from an accident while playing polo, a fashionable game among the Byzantine nobility. en.wikipedia.org.cob-web.org:8888 /wiki/John_I_of_Trebizond   (201 words)

Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for Trebizond,   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03) These were the empire of Nicaea, the despotate of Epirus, and the empire of Trebizond. Comnenus, family name of several Byzantine emperors— Isaac I, Alexius I, John II, Manuel I, Alexius II, and Andronicus I —who reigned in the 11th and 12th cent., and of the historian, Princess Anna Comnena. NHRA Auto Racing: Trebizond scores first stakes win in Hard Scuffle. www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=Trebizond,   (495 words)

Kings of Italy, Sicily, Naples and the Byzantine Empire JOHN II John was the eldest of Alexius' three sons. John was know as the Handsome (Calo-Joannes) more for the beauties of his mind rather than for his good looks. As successful abroad as he was at home, John defeated in battle the enemies of the Empire and made it once again feared by them. www.fortunecity.com /millennium/family/1155/rulofita.htm   (1120 words)

Amazon.com: The Towers of Trebizond: Books: Rose, Dame Macaulay   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03) It's the kind of book you don't want to end, and even when it becomes somewhat wild and unbelievably allegorical (such as when the narrator trains an ape she acquires in Turkey to drive a car late in the work) you stay with it. The Towers of Trebizond might mislead a reader who picks it up into thinking it to be a standard travel account of a journey to Turkey and the Middle East in the 1950s. Read The Towers of Trebizond and laugh, but you'll be pondering it in more solemn moments for a long time to come. www.amazon.com /Towers-Trebizond-Rose-Dame-Macaulay/dp/0881844543   (1753 words)

MUHAMMAD II, Ottoman sultan. The Columbia Encyclopedia: Sixth Edition. 2000   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03) The khan of Crimea became his ally and vassal. However, his further advance was checked at Belgrade by John Hunyadi, in Albania by Scanderbeg until 1478, and in Rhodes by the Knights Hospitalers under Aubusson. In Asia, Muhammad annexed the empire of Trebizond, ended most independent Turkish dynasties, and subdued the emirate of Karamania, putting to death its ruling family, who were Seljuk Turks. www.bartleby.com /aol/65/mu/Muhammd2-Ot.html   (248 words)

TREBIZOND (Gr. Trapezus) - Online Information article about TREBIZOND (Gr. Trapezus)   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03) art and learning, and in consequence of this Trebizond was resorted to by many eminent men, by whose agency the library of the palace was provided with valuable See also: middle ages that exists in all this district is the monastery of Sumelas, which is situated about 25 M. from Trebizond, at the side of a rocky glen, at a height of 4000 ft. above the sea. of Trebizond; he rebuilt it in 1360, and richly endowed it. encyclopedia.jrank.org /TOO_TUM/TREBIZOND_Gr_Trapezus_.html   (2066 words)

Rallying in Kars   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03) As it was he waited until September before tearing himself away from Constantinople, arriving at Trebizond via the Crimea. When the 15,000 from Bulgaria were landed, he would have a large enough force to go ahead without waiting for the Crimea troops to be released. Before leaving Trebizond he sent a message to Wassif Pasha at Kars, assuring him that relief was on the way, and estimating that they had only to hold out for another twenty days. www.suite101.com /article.cfm/crimean_war/101598/3   (361 words)

Empire of Trebizond - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Pero Tafur, who visited the city in 1437, reported that Trebizond had less than 4,000 troops. With the fall of Trebizond, the last territory of the Roman Empire was extinguished. Mehmed's conquest was the only time the city has changed hands in the past two millennia, which is possibly a unique record of political continuity. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Empire_of_Trebizond   (1233 words)

Cyril of Alexandria, Commentary on John, LFC 43, 48 (1874/1885). Book 3. pp. 285-381. Cyril of Alexandria, Commentary on John, LFC 43, 48 (1874/1885). Aaron and his sons signify those who execute the priest's office in the Churches in their time, that is to say, the teachers therein and ministers of the Divine Altars. For the whole period during which the light of the lamp was to appear, is the space of night, whereby is signified the term of the present life. www.ccel.org /p/pearse/morefathers/cyril_on_john_03_book3.htm   (15943 words)

Kemenche   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03) It is played on the knee with a horse-hair bow which is tightened with the hand while playing. John Vartan is pictured with a Kemenche from Eastern Armenia (Caucausus region). The body of this Kemenche is in the shape of a parabola and it has 4 strings. www.geocities.com /tomzara/kem.htm   (117 words)

February   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03) Martyr Agathodoros of Cappadocia; New-martyrs Jordan of Trebizond and Gabriel of Constantinople. Holy and Righteous Simeon the God-receiver and Anna the Prophetess; New-martyrs Nicholas, Stamatios and John of Spetson; Anschar, enlightener of Denmark and Sweden; Nicholas, equal-to-the-Apostles, bishop and evangelizer of Japan; James, archbishop of Serbia. Tarasios, archbishop of Constantinople; Hieromartyrs Reginos, bishop of Skopelos, and Markellos, bishop of Apamea in Syria; Martyr Alexander of Markianopolis. www.antiochian.org /1102796218   (604 words)

Index Da (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.unc.edu)   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03) After his brother was elected premier in 1887, Davie served as de-facto attorney general, and as his brother grew increasingly ill he effectively ran the province from behind the scenes. In 1971 Davis replaced John Robarts as leader of the Ontario Progressive Conservative Party, and on March 1 he was sworn in as premier of Ontario. On Dec. 12, 2001, he resigned and was replaced on an interim basis by John Reynolds, but remained in the race to succeed himself, which he ultimately lost to Stephen Harper. www.rulers.org.cob-web.org:8888 /indexd1.html   (8635 words)

Faith - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography John Calvin, The Institutes of the Christian Religion Look up faith in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. John Calvin on Justification by Faith from The Institutes of the Christian Religion www.arikah.com /encyclopedia/Faith   (3174 words)

New Catholic Dictionary: Johannes Bessarion   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03) 1403-1472) Cardinal, classical scholar, born Trebizond, Asia Minor; died Ravenna, Italy. In 1436 he was made Bishop of Nicaea, and accompanied John VII Palreologus to Ferrara, where he contributed much to bring about the real union of the Churches, 1439; later he was made cardinal and embraced the Latin Rite. In 1443 he became Bishop of Sabina and in 1449 of Frascati. www.catholic-forum.com /saintS/ncd01238.htm   (178 words)

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