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Topic: John II, Duke of Brittany

	Britannicaindia.com: Britannica Browse
		duke of Brittany (from 1237), son of Peter I. Like his father, he sought to limit the temporal power of the clergy; consequently he was...
		king of Castile from 1379 to 1390, son of Henry II, founder of the dynasty of Trastamara.
		duke of Brittany (from 1286) and count of Richemont, son of John I. He accompanied his father on St. Louis's crusade to Tunisia (1270) and...
	www.britannicaindia.com /britannica_browse/j/j9.html (1616 words)

	JOHN, THE FEARLESS, DUKE OF BURGUNDY - LoveToKnow Article on JOHN, THE FEARLESS, DUKE OF BURGUNDY (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		JOHN (1371-1419), called the Fearless (Sans Peur), duke of Jurgundy, son of Philip the Bold, duke of Burgundy, and Mar-;aret of Flanders, was born at Dijon on the 28th of May 1371.
		JOHN (1468-1532), called the Steadfast, elector of Saxony fourth son of the elector Ernest, was born on the 3oth of June 1468.
		JOHN, DON (1545-1578), of Austria, was the natural son of the emperor Charles V. by Barbara Blomberg, the daughter of an opulent citizen of Regensburg.
	10.1911encyclopedia.org /J/JO/JOHN_THE_FEARLESS_DUKE_OF_BURGUNDY.htm (2587 words)

	King John: 1164-1216
		King John I of England was born in Oxford, England on December 24, 1164.
		John recognized that he had to curb the power of the barons and clergy in order to retain the power of the crown.
		John had to hire a mercenary army and while he was away in France, the barons banded together to decide what to do about John's arbitrary style of rule.
	www.thenagain.info /WebChron/WestEurope/KingJohn.CP.html (1121 words)

	Kings, Queens, Presidents and First Ladies
		John was the youngest son of Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine.
		But John's actions were now dominated by the problem of the succession, in which his nephew, the three-year-old Arthur I, duke of Brittany, the son of his deceased elder brother Geoffrey, was his only serious rival.
		He was suspicious, vengeful, and treacherous; Arthur I of Brittany was probably murdered in captivity, and Matilda de Braose, the wife of a recalcitrant Marcher baron, was starved to death with her son in a royal prison.
	www.livelyroots.com /kings/d9.htm (1733 words)

	Early kings: King John
		Richard named his brother John as heir because their nephew Arthur, despite having a better claim to the throne, was too young to rule and lacked strong support by the barons*.
		To the Elizabethans, John was something of an early anti-papal hero, as he had broken with Pope Innocent III in 1207 by refusing to accept his appointment of Stephen Langton as Archbishop of Canterbury.
		John was excommunicated, but he still had the support of the majority of barons, since the king's confiscation of church properties allowed a reduction in taxes.
	ise.uvic.ca /Library/SLT/history/kingjohn.html (336 words)

	AllRefer.com - Anjou, France (French Political Geography) - Encyclopedia
		When Henry II's grandson, Arthur I, duke of Brittany, rebelled against his uncle, John of England, he won the support of Philip II of France, to whom he paid homage (1199) for Anjou, Maine, and Touraine.
		Charles II of Naples gave Anjou as dowry to his daughter Margaret when she married Charles of Valois, son of Philip III of France.
		John II of France, however, made Anjou a duchy (1360) and gave it to his son Louis (later Louis I of Naples).
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/A/Anjou.html (557 words)

	Kings, Queens, Presidents and First Ladies
		John de Botetourte-[19089] was born c1333 in Mendleshom, Suffolk, England and died in 1377 in Hamerton, Huntingtonshire, England at age 44.
		Duke Lionel of Clarence-[18454] was born on 11-29-1338 in Antwerp and died on 10-17-1368 in Alba, Itlay at age 29.
		Duke John of Lancaster "of Gaunt"-[18463] was born in 3-1340 in Abbey of St. Bavon, Ghent, Belgium and died on 2-3-1399 in London at age 58.
	www.livelyroots.com /kings/d13.htm (4619 words)

	World History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		John (1167-1216) was king of England from 1199, the younger son of Henry II and successor to his brother Richard I. In 1203 he ordered his nephew Arthur, duke of Brittany, the true heir to the throne, to be murdered.
		The pope absolved John from his oath to grant the demands, because he believed that no anointed monarch should be made to sign away his rights.
		Despite all this, John's nickname, 'Bad King John', was probably undeserved, despite the violent outbursts of temper to which he was inclined.
	www.softlab.ntua.gr /~sivann/pub/quick-world-history/02john.html (396 words)

	Angevin. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		A nephew of Richard I and John became (1196) duke of Brittany as Arthur I. From his sister and her husband, Peter of Dreux, a Capetian noble who became Duke Peter I of Brittany, the subsequent rulers of Brittany issued.
		John made his younger son, Louis, duke of Anjou; Joanna I of Naples adopted Louis as heir; Louis thus became Louis I of Naples and Provence.
		The Hungarian branch of Anjou began (1308) with Charles Robert (King Charles I of Hungary), a grandson of Charles II of Naples.
	www.bartleby.com /65/an/Angevin.html (644 words)

	Royal Family Archives - Olga ROMANOV to Christian IV, King of Denmark (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		NOTES: John of Dreux, Earl of Richmond, later John II, Duke of Brittany
		dau of Eugene de Beauharnais, 1st Duke of Leuchtenberg and Augusta of Bavaria; 4 sons, 1 dau.
		NOTES: 6th and yst dau of Ferdinand Albert II, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbuttel and Antoinette Amelia of Brunswick-Wolfenbuttel ;1 son
	www.scotlandroyalty.org /archives/r33.html (332 words)

	Site Home (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Brittany was never entirely part of the Frankish Empire although it lost land in the reorganisation of the Breton March in 811.
		The unsuccessful rebellion of Duke Francis II against the French crown led to the absorption of Brittany into France after the accession of his daughter, Anne of Brittany, in 1488 until the French annexed it in 1491.
		The 16th and 17th century were generally peaceful in Brittany, but the region, never reconciled to centralized rule, became one of the early centres of revolt in 1789.
	www.jack-travel.com /Brittany/Text/Brittany_History.htm (601 words)

	Stall-Plates of the Knights of the Garter
		1399 (96) Humphrey (Plantagenet), styled "of Lancaster." Duke of Gloucester.
		Daughter of John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster, K.G. Married John I, King of Portugal, K.G. 1378 Elizabeth, Duchess of Exeter.
		Daughter of John (Beaufort), Duke of Somerset, K.G. Married Edmund (Tudor), Earl of Richmond, and was mother of Henry VII.
	www.heraldica.org /topics/orders/garterstalls.htm (12928 words)

	Geoffrey_II,_Duke_of_Brittany (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Geoffrey was the fourth son of King Henry II of England and Duchess Eleanor of Aquitaine.
		Geoffrey withdrew to Paris and the court of King Philip II of France, who became his friend and made him the suzerain of France, largely to annoy King Henry.
		Arthur of Brittany fought his uncle John for the throne and was subsequently murdered.
	www.usedaudiparts.com /search.php?title=Geoffrey_II,_Duke_of_Brittany (504 words)

	Classical Heraldry - 17
		John was the fourth son of Arthur II, Duke of Brittany, but the only son by his second wife, Yolande, widow of Alexander III, King of Scots.
		For their part in the death of Gaveston he and his son were pardoned, but his son subsequently had to flee England and it was his grandson who eventually succeeded to the title.
		He fought for Edward II at Boroughbridge and in consequence was appointed Constable of England, but he then turned, prevented the King’s escape, and at Berkeley Castle the King was murdered with the insertion of a white-hot poker.
	www.baronage.co.uk /classic1/herart17.html (568 words)

	Henry III of England Online Research :: Information about Henry III of England (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		He was born in 1207 at Winchester Castle, the son of King John of England and Isabella of Angoulme.
		Following Johnâs death in 1216, Henry, aged nine, was hastily crowned in Gloucester, as the barons who had been supporting the invasion of Louis VIII of France of France in order to ensure John's deposition quickly saw the young prince as a safer option.
		Richard, John, and Henry are known only from a 14th century addition made to a manuscript of Flores historiarum, and are nowhere contemporaneously recorded.
	in-northcarolina.com /search/Henry_III_of_England.html (1315 words)

	Duke of Brittany (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The marriage of the infant Alice to Capetian cadet Peter of Dreux in 1213, began the new House of Dreux.
		Eudo of Porhoet, Duke of Brittany (r.1148-1156), married Bertha, daughter of Conan III
		Conan IV, Duke of Brittany, "The Younger", son of Bertha and Alan of Richmond.
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/D/Duke-of-Brittany.htm (598 words)

	John_III,_Duke_of_Brittany
		John III of Dreux (in French Jean III de Dreux) (March 8 1286 - April 30 1341), known as the Good, was duke of Brittany, from 1312 to his death.
		He was son of Duke Arthur II and Mary of Limoges, his first wife.
		His death triggered the Breton War of Succession (1341-1364), which opposed the House of Blois and the rights of his niece Joanna of Dreux, to the House of Monfort, a cadet branch of the ducal family of Brittany, lead by John of Montfort and his homonymous son.
	www.tuxedo-shop.com /search.php?title=John_III,_Duke_of_Brittany (153 words)

	King John by William Shakespeare: A searchable online version at The Literature Network (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		John orders Hubert to return to England with Arthur and to kill him, hoping Arthur's death will secure John's title to the throne (reminiscent of Richard III).
		Hubert then tells John that Arthur is in truth alive, cheering him up, though unbeknownst to anyone, Arthur has leapt to his own death from a castle wall.
		In the clashes between John and Arthur, the Bastard and his brother, Constance and Elinor, the barons and John, and finally, Pandulph and Lewis, each side has some legitimacy Critics have almost unanimously claimed that King John is neither a hero or villain-hero, since he is in no real sense, a real protagonist.
	www.online-literature.com /shakespeare/kingjohn (2078 words)

	England (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		At this point the title Duke of Cornwall was created as an honorary title for the eldest son of the reigning king and thus is associated with the English Princes of Wales.
		In 1483 the Dukedom was conveyed to John Howard.
		This younger son of George II was a general in the British army whose very bloody victory over highlander troops of Bonny Prince Charlie in April of 1746 decisively ended the Second Jacobite Rebellion and earned him the sobriquet "the Butcher of Culloden".
	www.hostkingdom.net /engl.html (4093 words)

	Henry_III_of_England (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		He was born in 1207, the son of King John of England and Isabella of Angouleme.
		According to Nicholas Trevet, Henry was a thickset man of medium height, with a narrow forehead and a drooping left eyelid (inherited by his son, Edward I).
		Following John’s death in 1216, Henry, aged nine, was hastily crowned in Gloucester, as the barons who had been supporting the invasion of Prince Louis of France in order to ensure John's deposition quickly saw the young prince as a safer option.
	www.partsquote.com /search.php?title=Henry_III_of_England (1244 words)

	Henry II, king of England. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		He was made duke of Normandy in 1150, and at Geoffrey’s death (1151) inherited Anjou, Maine, and Touraine.
		In 1169 the king distributed among his three oldest sons the titles to his possessions: Henry was to receive Normandy, Maine, and Anjou (he was also crowned king of England in 1170); Richard (later Richard I), Aquitaine; and Geoffrey, Brittany.
		Richard and the youngest son, John, in alliance with Philip II of France, were actually in the course of another rebellion in 1189 when their father died.
	www.bartleby.com /65/he/Henry2Eng.html (667 words)

	Camelot Village: Britain's Heritage and History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		John Manuel (f-in-law of kings of Portugal and Spain)
		John Plantagenet (son of Richard, Earl of Cornwall)
		John, Earl of Chester and Huntingdon (The Scot)
	www.camelot-names.co.uk /cgi-bin/person?c=13 (610 words)

	Brittany
		She md Richard II of Normandy, Duke of Normandy, "le Bon", abt 988, son of Richard I of Normandy, Duke of Normandy, and Gunnora.
		Conan IV of Brittany [f], Duke of Brittany, Earl of Richmond, b abt 1130, d 20 Feb 1171.
		In 1166, when aged five years or less, she was betrothed to Geoffrey, son of Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine, the marriage occurring in 1181, and which lasted until Geoffrey's death in a tournament in 1186.
	www.geneajourney.com /brttny.html (1774 words)

	John II -- Encyclopædia Britannica (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		John Paul II made extraordinary efforts to reach out to people around the world, to both Roman Catholics and those of other faiths.
		Although U.S. political leader and diplomat Adlai E. Stevenson II helped found the United Nations (UN), where he served as chief United States delegate from 1961 to 1965, he tends to be remembered by his countrymen as the eloquent but unsuccessful Democratic candidate for the U.S. presidency in 1952 and 1956.
		British singer, composer, and pianist Elton John ranked as one of the most popular entertainers of the late 20th and early 21st centuries.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9043729?tocId=9043729 (734 words)

	Search Results for peer - Encyclopædia Britannica
		These are the figures on either side of the shield of arms and are borne (in English heraldry) by peers and by other bearers of orders of the highest class, such as Knights of the Garter, of the...
		duke of Brittany (from 1286) and count of Richemont, son of John I. He accompanied his father on St. Louis's crusade to Tunisia (1270) and fought also in Palestine.
		British soldier and mountaineer who was the leader of the 1953 British expedition during which Sir Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay became the first persons to climb to the top of Mt. Everest; he...
	www.britannica.com /search?query=peer&submit=Find&source=MWTEXT (569 words)

	Des and Sue's Home Page
		Paroled by Edward II and pardoned by Edward III.
		The Barony of Berkeley was split from that of Dursley and granted to Robert by Henry II in 1166.
		He was the half-brother of John de Dreux, Duke of Brittany.
	homepages.paradise.net.nz /desheap/England/English151-200.htm (803 words)

	Brittany (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		In 1316, Duke Jean III adopted the plain hermine as his banner of arms In 1532, France annexed Brittany, which became an autonomous province.
		The situation was put into contest by his half brother, John de Montfort - with the support of Edward III King of England, and by the nephew of Philip VI of France, Charles of Blois, the Duke of Brittany;(1319—1364).
		He defeated Charles II of Navarre at Cocherel, was captured by the English at Auray, ransomed by Charles V, captained the Free Companies (bandit mercenaries) and allied himself with Henry of Trastamara in Spain against Peter the Cruel.
	www.britt-gwenn-ha-du.com /breton_history.htm (2118 words)

	Langued'oil (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		After Guy II, the County was purchased by Louis, the first Valois Duke of Orléans, whose grandson became King Louis XII, whereby Orléans and Blois became Crown lands.
		The district is well-known for its association with the Guise branch of the Ducal house of Lorraine - Dukes of Guise were, in the 16th century, among the most influential men in France and were the primary foes of the Huguenot movement in France.
		Nantes was ravaged and held (843-936) by Norsemen and later (10th cent.) fell to the dukes of Brittany, who resided there until Brittany became part of France in 1524.
	www.hostkingdom.net /Languedoil.html (2903 words)

	Anjou on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Geoffrey ruled Anjou (1129-51) and conquered Normandy, of which he was crowned duke in 1144.
		Anjou was held as appanage at various times; the last duke was Francis of Alençon and Anjou.
		The region was devastated during the Wars of Religion (see under Religion, Wars of) (1562-98).
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/A/Anjou.asp (946 words)

	Ancestors of Eugene Ashton ANDREW & Anna Louise HANISH Duke Jean BRITTANY, II ANDREW ANGERMUELLER HANISH STRUDELL ...
		Ancestral File Ver 4.10 8XJ9-18 Jean II Duke of BRITTANY, Mar Beatrice ENGLAND Princess 22 Jan 1259/ 1260, LKQE John Duke of BRITTANY, Ancestral File Ver 4.10 8XJ9-18Jean II Duke of BRETAGNE.
		Jean married Duchess Beatrice England BRITTANY, daughter of King Henry ENGLAND, III and Queen Eleanor Provence ENGLAND, on 22 Jan 1259 in St Denis, Aude, Paris, Seine, France.
		(Duchess Beatrice England BRITTANY was born on 25 Jun 1242 in Bordeaux, Gascony, France, died on 24 Mar 1274-1275 in Bretagne, Brittany, France and was buried in Grey Friars, Newgate, London, Middlesex, England.)
	www.geneal.net /1199.htm (275 words)

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