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Topic: John II Casimir of Poland

	Boleslaw of POLAND - King Sigismund II Augustus of POLAND
		\-Adelheid of HUNGARY Casimir of POLAND \-Salome of BERG-SCHELKLINGEN
		\-Adelheid of HUNGARY Dobronega (Liutgard) of POLAND \-Salome of BERG-SCHELKLINGEN
		\-Adelheid of HUNGARY Gertrud of POLAND \-Salome of BERG-SCHELKLINGEN
	freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com /~dphaner/HTML/people/p00000tp.htm (2130 words)

	Casimir III - LoveToKnow 1911
		CASIMIR III., called "THE Great," king of Poland (1310-1370), the son of Wladislaus Lokietek, king of Poland, and Jadwiga, princess of Kalisch, was born at Kowal in Kujavia in 1 3 10.
		Casimir belongs to that remarkable group of late medieval sovereigns who may be called the fathers of modern diplomacy, inasmuch as they relegated warfare to its proper place as the instrument of politics, and preferred the councilchamber to the battle-field.
		Hungary coming to the assistance of Poland, Lubart was defeated and taken prisoner; but Casimir, anxious to avoid a bloody war with Lithuania's Tatar allies, came to a compromise with Lubart whereby Poland retained Halicz with Lemberg, while Vladimir, Belz, and Brzesc fell to the share of Lithuania.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Casimir_III (931 words)

	St. Casimir
		He was the grandson of Wladislaus II Jagiello, King of Poland, who introduced Christianity into Lithuania, and the second son of King Casimir IV and Queen Elizabeth, an Austrian princess, the daughter of Albert II, Emperor of Germany and King of Bohemia and Hungary.
		Casimir was placed in the care of this scholar at the age nine, and even then he was remarkable for his ardent piety.
		Sigismund I, King of Poland, petitioned the pope for Casimir's canonization, and Pope Leo X appointed the papal legate Zaccaria Ferreri, Bishop of Guardalfiera, the Archbishop of Gnesen, and the Bishop of Przemysl to investigate the life and miracles of Casimir.
	www.catholicity.com /encyclopedia/c/casimir,saint.html (893 words)

	Casimir III
		Casimir III, called The Great, King of Poland, the son of Wladislaus Lokietek, king of Poland, and Jadwiga, princess of Kalisch, was born at Kowal in Kujavia in 1310.
		Casimir belongs to that remarkable group of late medieval sovereigns who may be called the fathers of modern diplomacy, inasmuch as they relegated warfare to its proper place as the instrument of politics, and preferred the council-chamber to the battle-field.
		In 1340 the death of George II of Halicz, and the ravaging of that fruitful border principality by the Tatars, induced Casimir and Charles Robert to establish their joint influence there, and in 1344 the Red Russian boyar, Demetrius Detko, was appointed starosta, or governor, in the names of the two kings.
	www.nndb.com /people/279/000095991 (881 words)

	AllRefer.com - John II, king of Poland (Polish History, Biography) - Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		John II (John Casimir), 1609–72, king of Poland (1648–68), son of Sigismund III.
		John II defeated (1651) the allied Cossack, Tatar, and Ottoman forces, but in 1654 the Cossacks accepted Russian suzerainty over the Ukraine, and Czar Alexis promptly invaded Poland.
		In 1655, Charles X of Sweden nearly overran Poland and was checked only by the successful Polish defense of Czestochowa, which inspired the Poles to renewed resistance.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/J/John2Pol.html (401 words)

	John II of Poland
		John II of Poland or Jan II Kazimierz Vasa (1609-1672), was the son of Sigismund III of Poland (1566-1632), of the House of Vasa, and his wife Constance of Austria (1588 - 1631).
		Poland and Sweden were also on opposite sides in the Thirty Years' War (1618-1648).
		John was deposed from the throne in 1668 and died in 1672.
	www.fastload.org /jo/John_II_of_Poland.html (208 words)

	St Casimir
		St Casimir was the third among the thirteen children of Casimir III, King of Poland, and of Elizabeth of Austria, daughter to the Emperor Albert II, a most virtuous woman, who died in 1505.
		Casimir and the other princes were so affectionately attached to the holy man, who was their preceptor, that they could not bear to be separated from him.
		Casimir is the patron of Poland and several other places, and is proposed to youth as a particular pattern of purity.
	www.ewtn.com /library/MARY/CASIMIR.htm (1525 words)

	Saints - Casimir of Poland
		When in 1479 the king went to Lithuania to spend 5 years arranging affairs there, Casimir was placed in charge of Poland, and from 1481 to 1483 administered the State with great prudence and justice.
		Casimir is the patron of Poland and Lithuania, though he is honored as far as Belgiumand Naples.
		In the beginning of the 17th century King Sigismund III began at Vilna the erection of a chapel in honor of St. Casimir, which was finished under King Wladislaus IV.
	www.scborromeo.org /saints/casimir.htm (734 words)

	John II Casimir of Poland - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		John II Casimir (Polish: Jan II Kazimierz), known in German as Johann Kasimir (March 22, 1609 – December 6, 1672), was King and Grand Duke of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, and Duke of Opole in Silesia.
		In 1660 John II Casimir was forced to renounce his claim to the Swedish throne and acknowledge Swedish sovereignty over Livonia and the city of Riga.
		John Casimir was, after his brother, the head of the genealogical line of St.Bridget of Sweden, descending in primogeniture from Bridget's sister.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/John_II_Casimir_of_Poland (1066 words)

	Manitowoc County, Wisconsin Genealogy : birth, death, cemetery, history, marriage and military
		Casimir's Congregation at Northeim, Wisconsin according to all reliable sources* is the fourth oldest Polish Catholic parish in the State of Wisconsin.
		Casimir's congregation was quite often deprived of a permanent pastor.
		Casimir's school at Northeim was a blessed reality of the good and generous parishioners.
	www.2manitowoc.com /casimir.html (7973 words)

	Period Of Political Grandeur - Charles X And Charles XI
		Casimir of Poland, the younger son of Sigismund, like Vladislav, styled himself king of Sweden and had claims to Livonia.
		This was effected in 1660 through the treaties of Oliva and Copenhagen, and in a most satisfactory manner, speaking high for the diplomatic ability of the governing ones, but also of the ignorance of the powers of the utter helplessness of Sweden, in great contrast to her outward political grandeur.
		Poland ceded Livonia to Sweden, and Denmark all the territory gained by Charles X., except the district of Drontheim and the island of Bornholm, while Russia was satisfied with the boundaries set by Gustavus Adolphus.
	www.oldandsold.com /articles35/history-of-sweden-12.shtml (7044 words)

	Casimir IV: Free Encyclopedia Articles at Questia.com Online Library
		Casimir was succeeded by his sons John I (1492 1501), Alexander I (1501 5), and Sigismund...
		Ulaszlo II, c.1456 1516, king of Hungary (1490 1516) and, as Ladislaus II, king of Bohemia (1471 1516); son of Casimir IV of Poland.
		A son of Casimir IV became king of Bohemia (1471) as Ladislaus II and king...
	www.questia.com /library/encyclopedia/casimir_iv.jsp (1161 words)

	Catholic Culture : Liturgical Year : March 04, 2006 : Casimir of Poland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Casimir was born in 1458 and was the son of the King of Poland.
		Casimir, to whom the Poles gave the title of "The Peace-maker", was the third of the thirteen children of Casimir IV, King of Poland, and of Elizabeth of Austria, daughter of the Emperor Albert II.
		St Casimir's austerities did nothing to help the lung trouble from which he suffered, and he died at the age of twentythree in 1484 and was buried at Vilna, where his relics still rest in the church of St Stanislaus.
	www.catholicculture.org /lit/calendar/day.cfm?date=2006-03-04 (973 words)

	Mathias Casimir Sarbiewski
		He entered the novitiate of the Jesuits at Vilna on 25 July, 1612; studied rhetoric and philosophy during 1614-17; taught grammar and humanities during 1617-18 and rhetoric at Polotsk during 1618-20; studied theology at Vilna from 1620-22; was sent in 1622 to complete his theology at Rome, and was there ordained priest in 1623.
		Returning to Poland he taught rhetoric, philosophy, and theology at Vilna from 1626 to 1635, was then made preacher to King Wladislaw, and was for four years companion in his travels.
		His tenderest pieces are those in praise of the rose, the violet, and the grasshopper, in which he rivals the grace and happy touch of Horace himself.
	www.catholicity.com /encyclopedia/s/sarbiewski,mathias_casimir.html (696 words)

	August II the Strong Summary
		Augustus II the Strong (German: August II der Starke; Polish: August II Mocny) (12 May 1670 – 1 February 1733) was as Frederick Augustus I (German: Kurfürst Friedrich August) the Elector of Saxony 1694-1733, and later also King of Poland 1697-1706 and again 1709-1733.
		Augustus was born in Dresden, Saxony, as the son of John George III and Princess Anne Sophie of Denmark.
		Augustus II successfully set out to discover the secret of "white gold," as the porcelain that he produced at Dresden and Meißen was described.
	www.bookrags.com /August_II_the_Strong (2469 words)

	Poland Emerges as Leading NATO Nation
		Poland has "quickly moved from being a new member of NATO to being an important NATO leader, a tribute to the courage and commitment that we Americans have long admired about our Polish friends," said Wolfowitz.
		"Poland's leadership is marked by courage and belief in freedom, and strengthened by painful lessons of history," he said.
		Poland's membership in NATO provides the country "with the assurances it deserves that Poland's hard-won freedom will be protected," Wolfowitz said.
	nyjtimes.com /cover/10-11-04/PolandLeadingNATONation.htm (935 words)

	AllRefer.com - Casimir IV (Polish History, Biography) - Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		He became (1440) ruler of Lithuania and in 1447 succeeded his brother Ladislaus III as king of Poland.
		With the Second Peace of Torun (1466) he ended a 13-year war against the Teutonic Knights in his favor; Poland gained territories and the Knights accepted Polish suzerainty over the area they retained.
		Casimir was succeeded by his sons John I (1492–1501), Alexander I (1501–5), and Sigismund I (1506–48).
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/C/Casimir4.html (229 words)

	Poland John Paul II Tour
		The Pope John Paul II, born Karol Jozef Wojtyla (May 18, 1920 - April 2, 2005), was the Head of the Roman Catholic Church for almost 27 years, from 16 October 1978 until his death.
		John Paul II became known as the "Pilgrim Pope" for having travelled greater distances than had all his predecessors combined.
		Poland, as his motherland, was the most frequently visited country.
	www.ilapolanda.com /tour19.php (388 words)

	John II, king of Poland. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		(John Casimir), 1609–72, king of Poland (1648–68), son of Sigismund III.
		In 1655, Charles X of Sweden nearly overran Poland and was checked only by the successful Polish defense of Cz
		George II Rákóczy, prince of Transylvania, attacked Poland from the south but was defeated.
	www.bartleby.com /65/jo/John2Pol.html (325 words)

	St. Casimir - Catholic Online
		As a prince of Poland, the second son of King Casimir IV and Elizabeth of Austria, his life was scheduled to cement his father's authority and increase Poland's power.
		Casimir's commitment to what he believed was right only grew stronger in his exile and he refused to cooperate with his father's plans any more despite the pressure to give in.
		Casimir is patron saint of Poland and Lithuania.
	www.catholic.org /saints/saint.php?saint_id=33 (855 words)

	John II, king of Poland — Infoplease.com
		John II John II (John Casimir), 1609–72, king of Poland (1648–68), son of
		Poland: Rulers - Poland: Rulers Polish Royalty Mieszko I, duke of Poland (962–92), the first important member...
		John Paul II and the priority of culture.
	www.infoplease.com /ce6/people/A0826399.html (409 words)

	CASIMIR IV - Online Information article about CASIMIR IV (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Curia, which hitherto had been hostile to Casimir because of his steady and patriotic resistance to papal aggression, was due to the permutations of See also:
		relief to Poland, and Casimir employed the two remaining years of his reign in consolidating his position still further.
		The feature of Casimir's character which most impressed his contemporaries was his extraordinary simplicity and sobriety.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /CAR_CAU/CASIMIR_IV.html (1786 words)

	Poland: History
		John II John's reign came to be known in Polish history as the “Deluge.”; During his rule discontent in Ukraine flared in the rebellion of the Cossacks under Bohdan
		John III (John Sobieski; reigned 1674–96), who defended (1683) Vienna from the Ottoman Turk invaders, temporarily restored the prestige of Poland, but with his death Poland virtually ceased to be an independent country.
		By the early 1960s Gomułka was tightening the party's hold on Poland; intellectual freedom was curbed, the church again was a target of government polemics, political rhetoric was infused with an anti-Semitic nationalistic fervor, and renewed attempts were made to have peasants join state groups.
	www.infoplease.com /ce6/world/A0860447.html (3704 words)

	Titles of European hereditary rulers
		Formally, Poland and Lithuania were to be distinct, equal components of the federation, each retaining its own army, treasury, civil administration, and laws; the two nations agreed to cooperate with each other on foreign policy and to participate in a joint Diet.
		In 1295, Premislas II (+1296), Duke of Greater Poland and Pomerania, was crowned King, and, restored the title of King in Poland.
		The declaration of the annexation of Prussia to Poland (1454).
	www.geocities.com /eurprin/poland.html (2769 words)

	History
		On November 9, 1902, this new church under the patronage of Saint Casimir was solemnly dedicated to God in a special ceremony performed by His Eminence, James Cardinal Gibbons.
		In 1902, Saint Casimir was a mission parish under the jurisdiction of Saint Stanislaus Kostka Church.
		By 1904, the mission parish of Saint Casimir, daughter parish of Saint Stanislaus, was financially stable and was canonically declared a parish.
	www.stcasimir.org /history.htm (3053 words)

	The Periphery of Francia: Spain, Britain, Eastern Europe, & Scandinavia
		It may have been Philip II who issued the first decree for "these realms of Spain." As it happens, this was issued from Lisbon after Philip claimed the Throne of Portugal in 1580 and occupied the Kingdom.
		Thus, Sancho II of Navarre (970-994) is different from Sancho II of Aragón (1063-1094), Sancho II of Castile (1065-1072), and Sancho II of Portugal (1223-1245); but Alfonso IX of León (1188-1230) is numbered in succession to Alfonso VIII of Castile (1158-1214).
		Teobaldo II The marriage of Blanca of Navarre to Theobald of Champagne means that for a while the Counts of Champagne become the Kings of Navarre.
	www.friesian.com /perifran.htm (11546 words)

	St. Casimir of Poland - Catholic Online
		He was born in 1458 or 1460, the third of thirteen children of King Casimir IV and Elizabeth of Austria, daughter of Albert II of Habsburg.
		Casimir believed an attempt to seize the Hungarian throne was unjust and refused to take part in it.
		Casimir is also patron of the Knights of St. John and is invoked against enemies of Poland and the faith.
	www.catholic.org /saints/saint.php?saint_id=2615 (513 words)

	Welcome
		Originally the St. Casimir campus was the site of the Middle School, and eventually of the whole school; in 1997 Fr.
		The interior of St. Casimir Church is decorated with a series of mounted murals begun in 1939.
		The theme of sanctification continues in the paired portraits depicted in the stained glass: beginning from the front, left/right, the Sacred Heart of Jesus and the Immaculate Heart of Mary; St. Casimir, the patron of the parish and St. Stanislaus Kostka, the patron of the mother parish; the Franciscans Sts.
	www.stcasimir.org /welcome.htm (2005 words)

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