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	People: Polish History: Biographies topics on Encyclopedia.com
		Augustus II 1670-1733, king of Poland (1697-1733) and, as Frederick Augustus I, elector of Saxony (1694-1733).
		Casimir II 1138-94, duke of Poland (1177-94), youngest son of Boleslaus III.
		John II (John Casimir), 1609-72, king of Poland (1648-68), son of Sigismund III.
	www.encyclopedia.com /category/People/History/polhistbio.html (2229 words)

	Kids.Net.Au - Encyclopedia > John II of Poland
		John II of Poland or Jan II Kazimierz Vasa (1609-1672), was the son of Sigismund III of Poland (1566-1632), of the House of Vasa, and his wife Constance of Austria (1588 - 1631).
		Poland and Sweden were also on opposite sides in the Thirty Years' War (1618-1648).
		John was deposed from the throne in 1668 and died in 1672.
	www.kids.net.au /encyclopedia-wiki/jo/John_II_of_Poland (202 words)

	Vasa. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		John III married the sister of Sigismund II of Poland, and their son was elected (1587) king of Poland as Sigismund III.
		Charles IX of Sweden was succeeded by Gustavus II; on Gustavus’s death (1632) his daughter Christina ascended the throne.
		In Poland, Sigismund III was succeeded (1632) by his son Ladislaus IV, who was succeeded (1648) by his brother John II.
	www.bartleby.com /65/va/Vasa.html (227 words)

	John II of Poland
		John II of Poland or Jan II Kazimierz Vasa (1609-1672), was the son of Sigismund III of Poland (1566-1632), of the House of Vasa, and his wife Constance of Austria (1588 - 1631).
		Poland and Sweden were also on opposite sides in the Thirty Years' War (1618-1648).
		John was deposed from the throne in 1668 and died in 1672.
	www.fastload.org /jo/John_II_of_Poland.html (208 words)

	John II, king of Poland. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		(John Casimir), 1609–72, king of Poland (1648–68), son of Sigismund III.
		John II defeated (1651) the allied Cossack, Tatar, and Ottoman forces, but in 1654 the Cossacks accepted Russian suzerainty over the Ukraine, and Czar Alexis promptly invaded Poland.
		George II Rákóczy, prince of Transylvania, attacked Poland from the south but was defeated.
	www.bartelby.com /65/jo/John2Pol.html (325 words)

	John II Casimir of Poland - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		John II Casimir (Polish: Jan II Kazimierz), known in German as Johann Kasimir (March 22, 1609 – December 6, 1672), was King and Grand Duke of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, and Duke of Opole in Silesia.
		In 1660 John II Casimir was forced to renounce his claim to the Swedish throne and acknowledge Swedish sovereignty over Livonia and the city of Riga.
		John Casimir was, after his brother, the head of the genealogical line of St.Bridget of Sweden, descending in primogeniture from Bridget's sister.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/John_II_of_Poland (1061 words)

	AllRefer.com - John II, king of Poland (Polish History, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		John II (John Casimir), 1609–72, king of Poland (1648–68), son of Sigismund III.
		In 1655, Charles X of Sweden nearly overran Poland and was checked only by the successful Polish defense of Czestochowa, which inspired the Poles to renewed resistance.
		George II RAkOczy, prince of Transylvania, attacked Poland from the south but was defeated.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/J/John2Pol.html (401 words)

	Poland: Behind the Crisis (1982) : Imperialist Intervention in Papal Garb
		The visit of Pope John Paul II to Poland on such an extended tour can only be regarded as a most blatant form of imperialist intervention by the papacy on behalf of world finance capital.
		But the difference between their historic compromise and the one in Poland is that the bourgeoisie and the aristocracy had the common bond of both being property-owning classes and both being hostile to the interests of the working class.
		Of particular importance in relation to Poland is the general fact that the peasantry slowly begins to cease to be a peasantry the more it accepts collectivization, which harmonizes its interests with the socialist perspectives of the proletariat.
	www.workers.org /marcy/poland/poland12.html (2939 words)

	Krakow Poland - John Paul II - In Your Pocket
		John Paul II Poland was plunged into national mourning with the news that Pope John Paul II had passed away on April 2 2005.
		In 1979, a year after assuming papacy and the name of John Paul II, he returned to Poland in what is commonly regarded as the pivotal point in the downfall of the communist system.
		In September 1939 Poland fell to Nazi Germany, and the young Wojtyla spent his days breaking rocks at the Zakrzowek quarry (later at the Solvay chemical factory), his nights studying theology - and in defying Nazi edict by performing in underground theatre.
	www.inyourpocket.com /poland/krakow/en/feature?id=55743 (790 words)

	John II, king of Poland — FactMonster.com
		John II John II (John Casimir), 1609–72, king of Poland (1648–68), son of
		John abdicated a year after the death (1667) of his queen, and retired to an abbey at Nevers, France.
		Poland: Rulers - Poland: Rulers Polish Royalty Mieszko I, duke of Poland (962–92), the first important member...
	www.factmonster.com /id/A0826399 (283 words)

	Before dying Pope John Paul II entrusted Poland to Our Lady of Czestochowa
		Before dying, John Paul II sent a letter to the religious of the Shrine of Jasna Gora, in Czestochowa, and gave two gold crowns as a gift for the icon of the Black Madonna.
		Departing from tradition, Pope John Paul II was not embalmed, only "prepared" for viewing by hundreds of thousands of mourners, the Vatican said Tuesday.
		John XXIII's body, by contrast, was in excellent condition when it was exhumed from the cramped grotto under the basilica in 2001 - 38 years after his death - and moved to the main floor following his beatification.
	www.tldm.org /News7/PopeJohnPaul2EntrustedOurLadyOfCzestochowa.htm (738 words)

	Poland John Paul II Tour
		The Pope John Paul II, born Karol Jozef Wojtyla (May 18, 1920 - April 2, 2005), was the Head of the Roman Catholic Church for almost 27 years, from 16 October 1978 until his death.
		John Paul II became known as the "Pilgrim Pope" for having travelled greater distances than had all his predecessors combined.
		Poland, as his motherland, was the most frequently visited country.
	www.ilapolanda.com /tour19.php (388 words)

	Poland I: Observations about living and teaching English in Poland.
		Some new friends also took me on a day trip to krakow (pronounced 'krakoof'), which is one of Poland's oldest towns, its former capital, its third largest city, and the possessor of the largest medieval town square in Europe.
		Regarding Poland, my time here is the same as usual, but the heatwave is up to 8C and I even got to enjoy the sun in the park just yesterday.
		My speech praising Poland and declaring, in Polish, that it 'shall never disappear', did much to rev everybody up, and Jon's later toast to 'the last man standing' guaranteed that there would be no place for mere social drinking.
	www.dreamconsciousness.com /1poland.html (7490 words)

	Poland hails new Pope. 20/04/2005. ABC News Online
		Church bells have rung out around Poland as the native land of the late Pope John Paul II welcomed his successor, German Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger, as "a good choice" who would continue the work of Poland's beloved and revered pontiff.
		At Wawel Cathedral in Krakow, where John Paul II spent 40 years of his life, the Zygmunt bell, which is only rung to mark events of great significance to Poland, rang out on the announcement of Cardinal Ratzinger's election.
		The new Pope paid tribute to Poland's adored John Paul II in his first words to the huge crowd that streamed into Saint Peter's Square as soon as white smoke began billowing from the chimney of the Sistine Cathedral, announcing the election of a new pope.
	www.abc.net.au /news/newsitems/200504/s1349072.htm (582 words)

	John III, king of Poland — FactMonster.com
		John's plans to recover East Prussia led him to conclude alliances with France (1675) and Sweden (1677) against Frederick William of Brandenburg (the Great Elector).
		However, John's attempts (1684–91) to secure access to the Black Sea by wresting Moldavia and Walachia from the Ottoman Empire were unsuccessful.
		John's death, followed by the choice of the elector of Saxony as King Augustus II of Poland, marked the virtual end of Polish independence.
	www.factmonster.com /id/A0826400 (271 words)

	Opinion: John Paul II's influence made this world a better place
		Pope John Paul II will be remembered for his unparalleled religious leadership, his historic role in the collapse of Communism, and as a universal voice of conscience in troubled times.
		Pope John Paul II was the first pope ever to visit a synagogue; to honor the memory of the victims of the Holocaust with a memorial concert in the Vatican; to establish full relations between the Holy See and the State of Israel; and to make an official visit to the State of Israel.
		Pope John Paul II will live forever in my heart, not only as a man but a monument to accepting God's will in realizing when it was time to let go.
	www.sptimes.com /2005/04/05/news_pf/Opinion/John_Paul_II_s_influe.shtml (1015 words)

	Death of Pope John Paul II and Prince Rainier
		Pope John Paul II and Prince Rainier died within a 6-day window of the April 8 Hybrid Solar Eclipse The Pope was born on May 18, 1920.
		John Paul II was the first non-Italian to lead the world's one billion Catholics in more than 450 years.
		Cardinal Ratzinger said John Paul II was a "priest to the last" who had offered his life to God and his congregation, "especially amid the sufferings of his final months".
	www.crystalinks.com /pope405.html (3654 words)

	SignOnSanDiego.com > News > World -- German-born pope to pay tribute to John Paul II in Poland
		John Paul stopped at Auschwitz during his first trip to Poland as pope in 1979, but a visit by the German pope carries further significance in efforts for closer Catholic-Jewish ties.
		“Poland is his choice, the first trip he scheduled,” the Polish ambassador to the Holy See, Hanna Suchocka, told a symposium on Polish-German reconciliation in Rome last week.
		John Paul, who is credited with helping to bring down communism in Poland and across eastern Europe, had expressed disappointment the fledgling democracies were picking up the secular, consumeristic cultures of the West.
	www.signonsandiego.com /news/world/20060524-1047-vatican-poland.html (696 words)

	President's Statement on the Death of Pope John Paul II - Warsaw Poland
		Pope John Paul II left the throne of St. Peter in the same way he ascended to it -- as a witness to the dignity of human life.
		In his native Poland, that witness launched a democratic revolution that swept Eastern Europe and changed the course of history.
		Pope John Paul II was, himself, an inspiration to millions of Americans, and to so many more throughout the world.
	warsaw.usembassy.gov /poland/pope_bush.html (400 words)

	Crowds worldwide recall John Paul II's legacy \| www.azstarnet.com ®
		In his message, which was broadcast via videolink to Krakow, Benedict recalled John Paul's suffering, which was so evident during his final days and weeks when he was unable to speak and managed only to bless the faithful weakly with his hand.
		John Paul was remembered from Mexico City to India as an advocate for the poor who helped fell communism.
		John Paul visited Mexico five times and was received by wildly enthusiastic crowds on each occasion.
	www.azstarnet.com /sn/printDS/122885 (405 words)

	SignOnSanDiego.com > News > World -- Pope celebrates Mass for 270,000 at site where John Paul II inspired ...
		WARSAW, Poland – Pope Benedict XVI celebrated Mass for an estimated 270,000 people Friday in a rain-soaked Warsaw square where his predecessor, John Paul II, inspired Poland's Solidarity movement against communist rule in a historic 1979 visit.
		“John Paul II knew our history, he knew our lives, in his words there was always some advice, some words of hopes for the future.
		“John Paul II was dearer to us, because he was our brother,” she said.
	www.signonsandiego.com /news/world/20060526-0624-poland-pope.html (778 words)

	Photo Essay Poland, John Paul II's Homeland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		More than 20 years ago, in June 1983, Pope John Paul II was allowed by the Polish government to make an official visit to his homeland.
		At the time, John Paul II was the Roman Catholic's head since 1978 and Poland was still in the communism era, although aspirations to unleash from the Soviet influence were perceptible, notably with the rise of Lech Walesa's Labor Union organization, Solidarnosc, as a political opposition force to general Jaruzelski's puppet regime.
		Today it is widely accepted that John Paul II has legacy in bringing Poland to a post-communist world, an era in which the traditional Catholic faith of the Poles would express itself as if never muzzled.
	www.viiphoto.com /detail-story3.php?news_id=370 (114 words)

	John Paul II in Poland
		John Paul II was dead in the eve of the Misericordia Holyday.
		Transfer to Wadowice - a city where the John Paul II was born.
		A sightseeing (by foot) with a guide the city: a familial house of Karol Wojtyła (transformed in a museum), his parish church, secondary school where he was going to, City Cultural Center where he was playing in theatre being a student.
	www.suntravel.pl /Papaeng.htm (587 words)

	Pope John Paul II \| Jan Pawel in Krakow, Poland
		He had just ascended the throne of St. Peter's, and his visit to Poland in 1979 had provided the catalyst for the heroic Solidarity protest movement.
		Pope John Paul II will join an elite group of Cracow saints, the first of whom, St. Stanislas, was canonised in 1253.
		Cracow's 'Uncle' may not have been buried here in the end, but the echoes of his presence can be witnessed all around, from statues to churches to his former home itself, the centuries old Archbishop's palace.
	www.cracow-life.com /poland/pope-john-paul-krakow (614 words)

	Pope John Paul II
		Pope John Paul II "When I learned that a Polish Cardinal was to be the Pope, I decided to do his portrait.
		I did not meet Pope John Paul II in Poland, but working on his portrait seemed like doing someone in the family because his face is so typically Polish." – Monique said in her cover story in Shuttle, Spindle & Dyepot, 1979.
		Monique watched the Pope while he was preparing for the mass and her heart stopped when he looked at her artwork.
	www.tapestryart.org /MyArt/Pope/index.htm (328 words)

	Paul Kengor on Pope John Paul II & Poland on National Review Online
		"Poland was a religiously repressed nation because the Communist Party started with the arresting of Cardinal Wyszynski and other bishops and priests.
		Dudek cites three factors as crucial to the end of Communism's grip on Poland: the Solidarity movement, the Reagan presidency, and the papacy of John Paul II.
		He said that the election of the pope from Poland gave "hope to everyone." Indeed, said Dudek, the Pope's visit to Poland in July 1979 "changed everything." "I felt this was great for Poland," he said.
	www.nationalreview.com /comment/kengor200504081017.asp (816 words)

	Susan Cirba - Life Issues - Pope John Paul II
		In Matthew 28:19-20, Jesus commissioned His disciples saying, “Go and make disciples of all nations....teaching them all to obey what I have commanded you.” John Paul II brought the Gospel message to as many countries as was humanly possible for one person.
		A great defender of the Sanctity of Human Life, John Paul II wrote, “Man’s life comes from God; it is His gift, His image and imprint, a sharing in His breath of life.
		John Paul II’s The Gospel of Life eloquently defends the sacredness of human life and discusses practices such as abortion, euthanasia, and infanticide that threaten our culture.
	www.angelfire.com /pa5/suecirba/PopeJohnPaul2.html (485 words)

	JIMMY AKIN.ORG: JP2 And The Quran
		John Paul II was a man who was enormously concerned with world peace and interreligious harmony.
		John Paul II also may not have been attending to the gravity of the false elements in the Quran.
		To not see that Pope John Paul II was a man of great prayer and devotion to God and the Blessed Mother, who shepherded the Church in a difficult time with courage, and to the best of his ability, is to show either ignorance or spiritual blindness.
	www.jimmyakin.org /2006/04/jp2_and_the_qur.html (16166 words)

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