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Topic: John III, Duke of Brittany

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	John Parvus
		The Duke of Orléans was unpopular with the people and was held responsible for the disorders and the taxations under which the kingdom groaned, during the madness of the king, his brother.
		The Duke of Burgundy, on the contrary, was very popular; he was regarded as a friend of the commoners and an opponent of taxation and abuses, while the university was grateful to him for his lack of sympathy with the Avignon pope.
		The Duke of Burgundy replied by a letter in which, while disavowing the general principles that formed the major proposition of the argument of John Parvus, he maintained that the propositions condemned by the Bishop of Paris were not contained in the discourse.
	www.catholicity.com /encyclopedia/j/john_parvus.html (1113 words)

	Duke - LoveToKnow 1911
		In France the title duke at one time implied vast territorial power, as with the dukes of Burgundy, Normandy, Aquitaine and Brittany, who asserted a practical independence against the crown, though it was not till the 12th century that the title duke was definitely regarded as superior to others.
		In England the title of duke was unknown till the Toth century, though in Saxon times the title ealdorman, afterwards exchanged for "earl," was sometimes rendered in Latin as dux,' and the English kings till John's time styled themselves dukes of Normandy, and dukes of Aquitaine even later.
		British dukes rank next to princes and princesses of the blood royal, the two archbishops of Canterbury and York, the lord Chancellor, andc., but beyond this precedence they have no special privileges which are not shared by peers of lower rank (see Peerage).
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Duke (1325 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for Brittany (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Anne of Brittany ANNE OF BRITTANY [Anne of Brittany] 1477-1514, queen of France as consort of Charles VIII from 1491 to 1498 and consort of Louis XII from 1499 until her death.
		Arthur I ARTHUR I [Arthur I] 1187-1203?, duke of Brittany (1196-1203 son of Geoffrey, fourth son of Henry II of England and Constance, heiress of Brittany.
		Betrothed (1166) to Constance, heiress of Brittany, he was recognized as heir to the duchy in 1169 and succeeded to it on the death of her father.
	www.encyclopedia.com /articles/01876.html (690 words)

	[No title]
		John "Doke" was granted a general pardon in 1346 for his participation in the French wars, presumably including the battle of Crécy, on the testimony of the Earl of Warwick.
		John Duke of Essex served at Crécy and Calais, and in 1347 was with many others granted a pardon for his service, provided he continued to provide military service in France, apparently indefinitely.
		In 1390, John Duke was commissioned with others to convene a jury of Middlesex and Essex touching waste and dilapidation at the alien priory of Takley, in the king's hand on account of the war with France.
	www.martinstown.co.uk /WEBSITE/DUKE/history3.htm (3183 words)

	GENUKI: Dukes of Great Britain (L-Z)
		The rebels were defeated, and the Duke himself was made prisoner, being found in the disguise of a peasant, lying at the bottom of a ditch, overcome with hunger, fatigue, and anxiety.
		Made Constable of England in 1430, Regent of France after the Duke of Bedford's death, he was recalled in 1446, opposed the policy of Queen Margaret and was named, in 1449, Lieutenant of Ireland.
		John Dudley, Duke of Northumberland, Viscount Lisle, Earl of Warwick.
	www.genuki.org.uk /big/royalty/dukel-z.html (1017 words)

	G. A. Henty : Saint George for England : Chapter VIII: Off to the Wars
		John III, Duke of Brittany, was present with his liege lord, Phillip of Valois, in the last war with England, on the border of the low country.
		Duke John regarded Joan as his heiress, and married her to Charles of Blois, nephew of the King of France, thus strengthening her in her position; and he also induced the provincial parliament of Brittany to acknowledge her husband as his successor in the dukedom.
		The following morning Sir John was awoke with the news that in the night Caddoudal had been seized and thrown into prison by the burghers, and that a deputation of citizens had already gone out through the gate to treat with the Duke of Normandy for the surrender of the city.
	www.classicreader.com /read.php/sid.1/bookid.1505/sec.9 (4392 words)

	John III, Duke of Brittany - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		John III of Dreux (in French Jean III de Dreux) (March 8, 1286 – April 30, 1341), known as the Good, was duke of Brittany, from 1312 to his death.
		He was son of Duke Arthur II and Mary of Limoges, his first wife.
		His death triggered the Breton War of Succession (1341–1364), which opposed the House of Blois and the rights of his niece Joanna of Dreux, to the House of Montfort, a cadet branch of the ducal family of Brittany, led by John of Montfort and his homonymous son.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/John_III,_Duke_of_Brittany (166 words)

	1286 - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		March 19 - King Alexander III of Scotland dies in a horse accident with only the 3-year-old Margaret of Scotland as an heir; this sets the stage for the First war of Scottish Independence and increased influence of England over Scotland.
		In Laos, King Panya Leng is overthrown in a coup d'etat led by his son Panya Khamphong, which is likely to have been supported by the regionally dominant Mongol Empire (Yuan dynasty of China).
		October 8 - John I, Duke of Brittany (b.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/1286 (414 words)

	King John: 1164-1216
		John recognized that he had to curb the power of the barons and clergy in order to retain the power of the crown.
		John set on a course to generate revenue for the crown by ignoring traditional English feudal customs and levying new taxes and fines at his whim.
		John had to hire a mercenary army and while he was away in France, the barons banded together to decide what to do about John's arbitrary style of rule.
	www.thenagain.info /WebChron/WestEurope/KingJohn.html (1121 words)

	John IV, Duke of Brittany - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		John IV of Montfort (in French Jean IV de Montfort) (1295 – September 16, 1345, Château d'Hennebon), was duke of Brittany, from 1341 to his death.
		When his half-brother, duke John III, died with no male heirs in 1341, John decided to fight the rights of his niece Joanna of Dreux and her husband Charles of Blois to the duchy of Brittany.
		John IV died without accomplishing his objective of becoming sole ruler of Brittany, but his wife Joanna of Flanders continued the fight in the name of their son John V who eventually won the Succession War.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/John_IV,_Duke_of_Brittany (232 words)

	John Plantagenet (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		John's reign has been traditionally characterized as one of the most disastrous in English history: it began with defeats—he lost Normandy to Philippe Auguste of France in his first five years on the throne—and ended with England torn by civil war and himself on the verge of being forced out of power.
		Born at Oxford, John was the fifth son of King Henry II of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine.
		In 1189 John was married to Avisa, daughter and heiress of the Earl of Gloucester.
	homepage.mac.com /janmobley/ps05/ps05_111.html (2178 words)

	Early kings: King John
		Richard named his brother John as heir because their nephew Arthur, despite having a better claim to the throne, was too young to rule and lacked strong support by the barons*.
		To the Elizabethans, John was something of an early anti-papal hero, as he had broken with Pope Innocent III in 1207 by refusing to accept his appointment of Stephen Langton as Archbishop of Canterbury.
		John was excommunicated, but he still had the support of the majority of barons, since the king's confiscation of church properties allowed a reduction in taxes.
	ise.uvic.ca /Library/SLT/history/kingjohn.html (548 words)

	Drew Spencer Family Tree - aqwg147
		John Comyn married Margaret of Liddell Wake Baroness.
		Ranulph Earl of Chester married Constance of Brittany Duchess.
		Berengaria of Navarre was born 1163 and died 1230.
	members.tripod.com /drewspen/genealogy/aqwg147.htm (133 words)

	Camelot Village: Britain's Heritage and History
		John (1167-1216) was king of England from 1199, the younger son of Henry II and successor to his brother Richard I. In 1203 he ordered his nephew Arthur, duke of Brittany, the true heir to the throne, to be murdered.
		The pope absolved John from his oath to grant the demands, because he believed that no anointed monarch should be made to sign away his rights.
		Despite all this, John's nickname, 'Bad King John', was probably undeserved, despite the violent outbursts of temper to which he was inclined.
	www.camelotintl.com /world/02john.html (404 words)

	John of Gent - pafg27 - Generated by Personal Ancestral File (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Ancestors of John "of Gaunt" Prince of England Duke of Lancaster
		Foulques III "Le Noir" Count of Anjou was born on 21 Jun 967 in of,, Anjou, France.
		Judith de Bretagne Princess of Brittany was born in 982 in of,, Bretagne, France.
	www.angelfire.com /dc/sherietales/johngent/pafg27.htm (713 words)

	War of the Breton Succession — FactMonster.com
		An attempt (1378–79) by Charles V to confiscate Brittany for the French crown met the resistance of the Bretons and of Jeanne de Penthièvre.
		Charles of Blois - Charles of Blois (Charles of Châtillon), c.1319–1364, duke of Brittany; nephew of...
		Brittany: History - History A part of ancient Armorica, the area was conquered by Julius Caesar in the Gallic Wars and...
	www.factmonster.com /ce6/history/A0808872.html (256 words)

	England (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		At this point the title Duke of Cornwall was created as an honorary title for the eldest son of the reigning king and thus is associated with the English Princes of Wales.
		Leofric III's wife was Godgifu (Godiva), famous for her controversial (and historically problematic) naked ride through the streets of Coventry, to protest high taxes.
		In 1483 the Dukedom was conveyed to John Howard.
	www.hostkingdom.net /engl.html (4134 words)

	1341 - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Margarete Maultasch, Countess of Tyrol, expells her husband John Henry of Bohemia, to whom she had been married as a child.
		She subsequently marries Louis of Bavaria without having been divorced, which results in the excommunication of the couple.
		April 30 - John III of Dreux, Duke of Brittany (born 1286)
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/1341 (271 words)

	Encyclopaedia Britannica Online Shop (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab-4.cs.princeton.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		duke of Brittany (from 1237), son of Peter I. Like his father, he sought to limit the temporal power of the clergy; consequently he was excommunicated, upon which he journeyed...
		duke of Brittany (from 1286) and count of Richemont, son of John I. He accompanied his father on St. Louis's crusade to Tunisia (1270) and fought also in Palestine.
		Duque (8th duke) De Braganca, byname John The Fortunate, Portuguese Joao O Afortunado king of Portugal from 1640 as a result of the national revolution,...
	www.britannica.co.uk.cob-web.org:8888 /britannica_browse/j/j10.html (1815 words)

	Breton Succession, War of the - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The succession was contested by his half brother, John de Montfort, who was backed by Edward III of England, and by Charles of Blois, who had married Jeanne de Penthièvre, a niece of the late duke.
		Charles and Jeanne were supported by Philip VI, John II, and Charles V of France.
		An attempt (1378-79) by Charles V to confiscate Brittany for the French crown met the resistance of the Bretons and of Jeanne de Penthièvre.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-bretons1u.html (397 words)

	Richmond Castle in North Yorkshire: tourist information from TourUK
		The first Norman holder was Alan the Red of Brittany, a relation of the Duke of Brittany.
		In 1341, on the death of John III, Duke of Brittany the castle became linked to the throne of England.
		John of Gaunt, son of Edward III became Earl of Richmond and held the castle for 30 years.
	www.touruk.co.uk /castles/castle_Richmond.htm (356 words)

	1286 - Free net encyclopedia
		March 8 - John III, Duke of Brittany (died 1341)
		March 19 - Alexander III of Scotland (born 1241)
		October 8 - John I, Duke of Brittany (born 1217)
	www.netipedia.com /index.php/1286 (354 words)

	ooBdoo
		Margarete Maultasch, Countess of Tyrol, expels her husband John Henry of Bohemia, to whom she had been married as a child.
		April 30 - John III, Duke of Brittany (born 1286)
		June 15 - Andronicus III Palaeologus, Byzantine Emperor
	www.oobdoo.com /wikipedia/?title=1341 (217 words)

	English Monarchs - Kings and Queens of England - Richard III. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Richard III, the last of England's Plantagenet kings, was born at Fotheringay Castle in Northamptonshire on 2nd October, 1452, the eleventh child and fourth surviving son of Richard Plantagenet, Duke of York, (premier descendant of Lionel, Duke of Clarence, the third son of Edward III) and Cecily Neville.
		Unlike his brothers Edward IV and George, Duke of Clarence, both tall and well built, Richard was short, slight and dark.
		Richard III sat uneasily on his throne in 1483, the deep distrust of the nobility had been engendered by the manner of Lord Hastings demise.
	www.englishmonarchs.co.uk /plantagenet_14.htm (1249 words)

	King John
		King John is one of Shakespeare's history plays.
		The play opens with a demand from the French King that King John abdicate in favor of his elder brother, Geffery's son, Arthur.
		Arthur, Duke of Britain, nephew to the King (Arthur I, Duke of Brittany)
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/ki/King_John.html (183 words)

	Flanders, Brittany, Burgundy, Anjou, Normandy, Blois, Champagne, Toulouse, etc.
		Dukes of Gascony, 768-1038 AD The culture of the South of France in the 12th century is one of the first signs of the revival of civilization in Francia after the "second Dark Age" of the 9th and 10th centuries.
		Duke William V had three wives, and subsequent Dukes were descendants of William VIII, son of William V and Agnes of Burgundy.
		Count Gaston III marries the sister of King Charles the Bad of Navarre, but this relationship comes to naught when Gaston, the son of the Count and the only legitimate heir, is starved to death by his father.
	www.friesian.com /flanders.htm (10740 words)

	Arthur III, Duke of Brittany - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab-4.cs.princeton.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Belonging to the family of Montfort, he was a younger son of Duke John IV and his third wife Joanna of Navarre.
		Arthur was also titular Earl of Richmond; the earldom had often been granted to the Dukes of Brittany, but after the death of Arthur's father, the English refused to recognize his heirs as earls.
		However, in 1435, Arthur of Brittany was again an influential man and orchestrated the Treaty of Arras between Charles VII of France and Philip III, duke of Burgundy.
	en.wikipedia.org.cob-web.org:8888 /wiki/Arthur_III,_Duke_of_Brittany (438 words)

	The Age of Chivalry - Edward III Plantagenet, King of England 1327-1377 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		In 1341 Duke John III of Brittany died leaving the succession in dispute between Charles of Blois, who had gained the right to the succession through marrying its heir Countess Jeanne (Philip VI's niece) and Count John of Montfort, the late Duke's half-brother.
		Although John, Duke of Burgundy and Philip's heir, made an attempt to relieve the garrisons the English dug themselves in and the conditions on both sides grew to be very wretched and squalid.
		Edward III prepared for another war with the French and after the victory at Poitiers and some of the French king's ransom he found little difficulty in raising a large army of 30,000 men - all eager for riches in France.
	www.taoc.co.uk /content/view/60/48 (1667 words)

	King John - Multimedia Collection
		A dramatization of Shakespeare's play about the weak and despicable King John, who tries to fend off the royal claims of Arthur, Duke of Brittany, who is supported by the King of France.
		In spite of the support of Faulconbridge, John alienates the English nobility and runs afoul of the Pope.
		In the end he is poisoned and his son Henry III becomes King.
	osulibrary.oregonstate.edu /video/lit71.html (72 words)

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