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Topic: John Loudon McAdam

	John Loudon McAdam History
		John Loudon McAdam was the son of James McAdam and Susanna Cochrane, the niece of the 7'th Earl of Dundonald.
		John Loudon McAdam was born in Ayr, Scotland in Lady Cathcart's house in the Sandgate, on September 21, 1756.
		John's work was held in such high regard that a Parliamentary Committee, reporting in 1819, was unstilted in their praise of him and the efficiency and economy of his method of road maintenance.
	www.maybole.org /notables/johnloudonmcadamhistory.htm (1293 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/John Loudon McAdam
		John Loudon McAdam (born September 21, 1756 in Ayr; died November 26, 1836 in Moffat) was a Scottish engineer and road-builder.
		McAdam had also been appointed surveyor to the Bristol Turnpike Trust in 1816, where he decided to remake the roads under his care with crushed stone bound with gravel on a firm base of large stones.
		Although McAdam was paid £5,000 for his Bristol Turnpike Trust work and made "Surveyor-General of Metropolitan Roads" in 1827, professional jealousy cut a £5,000 grant for expenses from the Parliament of the United Kingdom to £2,000 in 1820.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/John_Loudon_MacAdam (523 words)

	James McAdam and the Loss of Waterhead
		According to her 'History of the Waterhead McAdams and the McAdams of Craigengillan' (1854), the shame was that 'All the gentility, the interest and everything that pertained to birth and breeding remained with the impoverished part of the Family - and immense wealth and coarse vice on the side of the newly risen people.' 2
		However John Loudon McAdam wrote in 1832: 'The house you enquire for was Glaisnoch near Cumnock; it was my father' s property, but my Grandfather Cochrane hired it and lived in it when my mother Susannah was born.' 15 Susannah McAdam sold the furniture of the house of Glaisnock to Stevenson for £48 6s.
		McAdam' s letters are unusual: in a conversational style he discusses his motives and intentions, and comments upon other matters such as the failure of the Douglas and Heron bank and the proper management of sheep on moorland such as his and the Waterhead lands in Carsphairn.
	www.ayrshirehistory.org.uk /McAdam/jmcadam-losswat.htm (5428 words)

	John Loudon MacAdam
		John MacAdam was born in Ayr in 1756.
		In 1798 McAdam was appointed agent for revictualling the navy in all the ports of the west of England.
		McAdam’s work took him from one port to another, and he soon came to the conclusion that roads in England were just as bad as those in Scotland, if not worse, as there was more heavy wagon traffic.
	www.electricscotland.com /history/other/macadam_john.htm (2239 words)

	Biography of John MacAdam (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		John Loudon McAdam (September 21, 1756 - November 26, 1836) was a Scottish engineer and road-builder.
		As a result of his success, McAdam was made surveyor-general of metropolitan roads in England.
		McAdam never really achieved the respect that was his due.
	biography-2.qardinalinfo.com /m/MacAdam_John.html (535 words)

	John Loudon McAdam
		McAdam, who had become a road trustee in his district, noted that the local highways were in poor condition.
		To document his work, McAdam wrote Remarks on the Present System of Road-Making (1816) and Practical Essay on the Scientific Repair and Preservation of Roads (1819).
		As the result of a parliamentary inquiry in 1823 into the whole question of road making, his views were adopted by the public authorities, and in 1827 he was appointed Surveyor General of Metropolitan Roads in Great Britain.
	www.maybole.org /Notables/johnloudonmcadam.htm (236 words)

	John Macadam
		John Loudon McAdam was born in Ayr in 1756; his early years were spent in the nearby village of Moffat.
		At that time Thomas Telford and John Metcalfe were also working on road construction techniques, and each of them put forward the idea of building raised, cambered roads, which allowed water to drain easily.
		John McAdam died at and was buried in Moffat in Ayrshire in 1836.
	www.threetowners.com /scots/john_macadam.htm (242 words)

	Larry Torti Paving - Meet McAdam
		McAdam was born September 21, 1756 in Ayr, Ayrshire, Scotland.
		As the result of a parliamentary inquiry in 1823 into the whole question of road-making, McAdam's views were adopted by the public authorities, and in 1827 he was appointed Surveyor General of Metropolitan Roads in Great Britain.
		McAdam's original recipe called for a compacted subgrade of crushed granite or greenstone designed to support the load, covered by a surface of light stone to absorb wear and tear and shed water to the drainage ditches.
	www.larrytorti.com /meetmacadam.htm (411 words)

	John Loudon McAdam
		John Loudon McAdam (1756-1836) was a Scottish engineer and road-builder who invented a new process for building roads with a smooth hard surface that would be more durable and less muddy than plain dirt.
		McAdam travelled to New York in 1770, returning to Scotland in 1783 after a successful career as a merchant and prize agent during the American Revolution.
		Tarmac was originally marketed as tar-macadam, because it was a macadamized road incorporating a binder of tar.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/jo/John_Loudon_McAdam.html (194 words)

	John Loudon McAdam Summary
		One of the leaders spearheading the road-building revival was John McAdam.
		McAdam returned to Scotland in 1783 and remained in government employ for the remainder of his life.
		McAdam's philosophy of road building was that the natural roadbed and its subsoil were sufficient as a road foundation.
	www.bookrags.com /John_Loudon_McAdam (846 words)

	Buckland Preservation Society
		John Love was growing a strand of wheat called “The Lawler,” which had a natural resistance to the Hessian Fly, an insect that eventually devastated U.S. wheat crops during the nineteenth century.
		John Love, who was instructed in law by George Wythe at the College of William and Mary, corresponded with Thomas Jefferson, James Monroe, Patrick Henry, Benjamin Latrobe, Andrew Jackson, James Cabell and many other notables, about political and agricultural issues of the day.
		In 1813, John Love wrote to his friend, current President James Madison, and described the progress of the turnpike road construction as “affording the most direct route from Washington to the Kanhawa Country” asking “for your aid and the patronage of your name as a stockholder,” which was likely to encourage the work.
	www.bucklandva.org (1264 words)

	Moffat Town Website, Scotland - People - John Loudon MacAdam
		John McAdam was born in Ayr, but lived for the last part of his life in Moffat, and is buried there.
		By the time of John McAdam, roads repair was in the hands of parish 'road gangs', men more interested doing the least work at the most profit, than in laying anything lasting.
		McAdam was for steam-carriages and steam-coaches, mainly because horses' hooves damaged the road surface and wheels compacted it.
	www.dalbeattie.com /moffat/people/macadam.html (1371 words)

	John McAdam
		Loudon McAdam was born in Scotland in 1756.
		McAdam's building system was considerably cheaper than previous ones.
		John McAdam was offered a knighthood, but declined it.
	www.strum.co.uk /palimps/macadam.htm (513 words)

	JohnL.html
		John Loudon McAdam was born in Ayr, Scotland in Lady Cathcart's house in the Sandgate, on
		John Loudon served in the British reserves and was a government contractor engaged in the sale of war
		McAdam of Craigengillan, Quinton McAdam of Waterside, and Alexander McAdam of Grimmet, all John
	www.mcadamshistory.com /JohnL.html (1670 words)

	Today in Technology History - Sep 21
		John Loudon McAdam was born on September 21, 1756.
		McAdam's roads were made slightly convex so water would drain away.
		McAdam died in 1836, but he was immortalized in the English language.
	www.tecsoc.org /pubs/history/2001/sep21.htm (249 words)

	James McAdam: Waterhead to Whitefoord
		But what of Waterhead? McAdam's barony of Waterhead was in the Kirkcudbrightshire parish of Carsphairn. There was no entry for a house of that name in the WTR for Whitsunday to Martinmas 1753, when three dwellings in the parish were taxed, nor in any subsequent period.
		The house McAdam occupied in Ayr has been identified, possibly only by tradition, as 'Lady Cathcart's house' in Sandgate, though there is ambiguity over the identity of the lady in question. According to the plaque on the building, the house was owned by Lord Elias Cathcart, and it is named after his widow.
		John Loudon Macadam [sic], the famous road engineer, was born here in 1756.
	www.ayrshirehistory.org.uk /McAdam/jmcadam-wtow.htm (1528 words)

	John MacAdam
		John Loudon McAdam (September 21, 1756 - November 26, 1836) was a Scottish road engineer.
		He moved to New York as a young man and made his fortune working at his uncle's counting-house.
		His reputation has nevertheless survived, as the Scotsman who paved the way for development.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/jo/John_MacAdam.html (352 words)

	John McAdam (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		McAdams discovery came about when he started repair and maintenance work on the roads round his estate, which he bought after returning to the United Kingdom after making his fortune in America.
		The main difficulty with this system was that it was cumbersome to install and difficult to maintain.
		McAdam's theory was that with a system of properly drained foundations bare, dry soil was strong enough to bear the weight of the type of traffic using the roads at that time.
	scotlandvacations.com /mcadam.htm (272 words)

	JOHN LOUDON MCADAM (17... - Online Information article about JOHN LOUDON MCADAM (17...
		MCADAM (1756-1836), Scottish inventor, who gave his name to the See also:
		McAdam at once began to consider how to effect reforms.
		MAZURKA (Polish for a woman of the province of Mazo...
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /MAR_MEC/MCADAM_JOHN_LOUDON_1756_1836_.html (499 words)

	Ward's Book of Days. Pages of interesting anniversaries.What happened on this day in history.
		McAdam was a banker and an engineer who invented the road building technique of macadamisation.
		McAdam was given over to the care of his uncle, a banker of New York City who gave him employment in his counting house.
		McAdam returned home with his wife and family, still having sufficient deposits in European banks to purchase a small estate in Sauchie, Ayrshire.
	www.wardsbookofdays.com /26november.htm (423 words)

	Cool Quiz! Trivia, Quizzes, Puzzles, Jokes, Useless Knowledge, FUN!
		John Loudon McAdam was born in 1756 in Ary, Scotland.
		In 1806, McAdam became paving commissioner in Bristol and in 1827 was named general surveyor for all British highways.
		During his years in the paving business, McAdam came up with the idea of paving roads with layers of broken stones, all roughly the same size, placed in three layers over a convex roadbed and crushed into position by traffic.
	www.coolquiz.com /trivia/names/names.asp?name=mcadam (229 words)

	Bristol - 1700 Onwards
		John Romsay, the Town Clerk, was so pleased with the return on his investment that he had a pair of silver candlesticks, at a cost of £114, made in London.
		John Pinney, a Bristol merchant and plantation owner in the West Indies, around 1730 stated that "negroes are the sinews of a plantation" and that it was "as impossible for a man to make sugar without the assistance of negroes as to make bricks without straw".
		McAdam proposed that the bed of the road be raised above the land with drainage ditches on either side.
	brisray.com /bristol/bhist6.htm (10353 words)

	articles construction industry new product machinery construction (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		When a macadam road was built, side ditches were dug, and the roadbed was laid with three layers of decreasingly sized rocks, carefully pulverized "so as not to exceed 6 ounces in weight or to pass a two-inch ring." The finished road was compacted with a cast-iron roller, and passing traffic completed the compaction process.
		This process became known as Tarmac Adam (a short form of which is used to refer to airplane runways: "tarmac").
		Corruption in road works was appalling; by his own efficiency, Macadam exposed the abuse of road tolls by less scrupulous Turnpike Trusts, many of which were run at a deliberate loss despite high toll receipts.
	www.theconstructiontimes.com /article-dtls.asp?articleid=9 (610 words)

	Larry Torti Paving - Our Paving System
		Hard angles of commercial structures can be softened, country and oceanside settings can be enhanced, and historic home surroundings can be brought back to period times.
		John Loudon McAdam, the Scotsman whose immodestly named macadam roadways speeded 19th-century travel in England, would easily recognize this updated version of his revolutionary paving system.
		In McAdam's day, the peanuts were a bed of stones, and the binding brittle was a sprinkling of fine sand or cinders.
	www.larrytorti.com /pavingsystem.htm (280 words)

	Macadam - road building in America!
		John Loudon McAdam, born in Scotland in 1757, and the general surveyor for the city of Bristol, England, designed roads using broken stones that were laid evenly and tightly so that they covered the soil and formed a hard surface.
		While Telford and McAdam were contemporaries, they each had different ideas of how to build the best road.
		Telford’s designs were more expensive than McAdam’s, but some scholars say they were superior in quality.
	curbstone.com /_macadam.htm (1942 words)

	John Loudon McAdam (1756-1836) (Annotation to Carlyle's "Hudson's Statue") (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		John Loudon McAdam (1756-1836), a road maker who invented a procedure to reconstruct the British roads.
		The procedure, adopted as "macadamize," uses thin layers of broken stones to cover the road, and proper drainage was maintained by raising the surface of the road grounds.
		In 1815, with the conditions of the roads in great need of repair, McAdam, who became surveyor-general of the Bristol roads, restructured the condition of the nation's highways.
	www.victorianweb.org /authors/carlyle/hudson/macadam.html (196 words)

	McAdam, John Loudon (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		He was appointed paving commissioner in Bristol in 1806; ten years later he became surveyor-general of the roads in that region, and of all the roads in Britain 1827.
		McAdam was also responsible for reforms in road administration, and advised many turnpike trusts.
		He ensured that public roads became the responsibility of the government, financed out of taxes for the benefit of everyone.
	cartage.org.lb /en/themes/Biographies/MainBiographies/M/McAdam/1.html (179 words)

	Famous Scots - John Loudon McAdam
		, McAdam travelled to New York in 1770 and returned to Scotland in 1783, having made his fortune as a merchant and prize agent during the American Revolution.
		The roads in Britain at that time were notoriously bad and McAdam, at his own expense, experimented with methods of road building, including improved drainage and a tar-based, waterproof road surface which became known as "macadamisation" - now known as "tarmac".
		He travelled widely, giving advice and help, much of it at his own expense.
	www.rampantscotland.com /famous/blfammcadam.htm (153 words)

	John McAdam
		John Loudon McAdam was born in Ayshire, Scotland on September 21, 1756.
		They were useful because they wouldn't be washed away, they were long lasting, and they held up better to heavy traffic.
		In 1815, McAdam was appointed Surveyor General of Bristol Roads and put his ideas to work in the Bristol area.
	www.visitdunkeld.com /john-mcadam.htm (235 words)

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