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	John Sirica - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Judge John Joseph Sirica (March 19, 1904 – August 14, 1992) was the Chief Judge for the United States District Court for the District of Columbia.
		Sirica's involvement in the scandal began when he presided over the trial of the Watergate burglars.
		Sirica published his account of the Watergate affair in 1979 under the title To Set the Record Straight.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/John_Sirica (221 words)

	NIAF MileStones
		Sirica, the son of an immigrant barber from Naples, who was raised in poverty in several eastern cities, supported himself by boxing while earning a law degree from Georgetown University in 1926.
		Sirica's activity in Republican Party affairs was the background to his appointment first as an assistant United States Attorney, and then to the federal district court by President Eisenhower in 1957.
		Sirica demonstrated his mettle when he made the significant ruling that the Nixon Administration was obliged to deliver evidence to the grand jury, including tape recordings -a decision upheld by the United States Court of Appeal.
	www.niaf.org /milestones/year_1974.asp (549 words)

	John Sirica, Watergate Judge, Dies
		John J. Sirica, the U.S. district judge whose persistence in searching for the facts while presiding over the Watergate cases led to President Nixon's resignation, died of cardiac arrest yesterday at Georgetown University Hospital.
		Sirica had become a household name in the country by the time the last of the appeals was exhausted in 1977.
		Waltz said Sirica's nomination to the bench was a reward for political service to the Republican Party, that his educational background was mediocre and that he was known as a careless, irritable trial judge.
	www.washingtonpost.com /wp-srv/national/longterm/watergate/stories/siricaobit.htm (1450 words)

	John Dean - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		John Wesley Dean III (born October 14, 1938 in Akron, Ohio) was White House Counsel to U.S. President Richard Nixon from July 1970 to April, 1973.
		Coupled with his sense of distance from Nixon's inner circle, "The Berlin Wall" of advisors H.R. Haldeman and John Ehrlichman, Dean sensed he was going to become the Watergate scapegoat and refused.
		However, when Dean surrendered himself as scheduled on September 3, he was diverted to the custody of U.S. Marshals and kept instead at Fort Holabird (near Baltimore, Maryland) in a special "safe house" holding facility primarily used for witnesses against the Mafia.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/John_Dean (1149 words)

	Xlibris.Com Bookstore
		Sirica was the Chief Judge of the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia, and for that reason was empowered to select the judge who would preside over the trial of the Watergate defendants.
		Sirica’s revelation of the McCord letter in open court on sentencing day provided the main impetus for the convicted burglars and many other White House aides to rush to the prosecutor’s office in an attempt to receive leniency in return for turning state’s evidence; and to agree to testify at the Senate Watergate hearings.
		Sirica presided over all the Watergate trials for a five-year period and greatly facilitated both the impeachment and the prosecution efforts by ordering President Nixon to turn over the tapes of all conversations between himself and his aides, concerning Watergate.
	www2.xlibris.com /bookstore/bookdisplay.asp?bookid=27475 (1374 words)

	The Great Cover-Up: Extract 2
		Sirica proceeded to assign himself to Watergate, saying it would be a time-consuming case and that while other judges had a backlog to contend with, he didn't.
		On October 4, 1972, Sirica issued a broad, possibly unprecedented order prohibiting all law enforcement agencies, the defendants, witnesses, potential witnesses "including complaining witnesses and alleged victims, their attorneys and all persons acting for or with them in connection with this case" from making statements about the matter to anyone outside the court.
		Sirica agreed that the order might create problems where "we get into free speech and all that business," but he said that "was something we have to meet at the proper time.
	www.watergate.info /sussman/extract2.shtml (1614 words)

	CBSNews.com Who's Who Person
		John J. Sirica was the federal judge who presided over the Watergate trials.
		At the time of the Watergate burglary, June 17, 1972, Sirica was chief of the 15-judge federal court for the District of Columbia.
		As chief judge, the indictment against the Watergate burglars was returned to Sirica and he had the option of assigning the case for trial or allowing it to go into a routine rotation.
	www.cbsnews.com /elements/2003/07/24/in_depth_politics/whoswho564964_0_15_person.shtml (392 words)

	John J. Sirica
		John Joseph Sirica, the son of Italian immigrants, was born in Waterbury, Connecticut, on 19th March, 1904.
		In 1944 Sirica served as general counsel to the House Select Committee to Investigate the Federal Communications Commission and between 1949 and 1957 was a member of the law firm of Hogan and Hartson.
		John Sirica, then Chief Judge by virtue of seniority, had assigned the case to himself only the day before, and I wanted to get a look at him.
	www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /JFKsirica.htm (3092 words)

	Nixon, United States v.
		McCord and Liddy were convicted on all counts, and the trial judge, John Sirica, sentenced them to the maximum term.
		On June 25, John Dean, the President’s legal counsellor, testified before the Senate committee that the President had known of the burglary cover-up as early as September 15, and that Dean had later spoken with Nixon and Nixon aided in the obstruction of justice by the cover-up.
		The constitutionality of Sirica’s second subpoena on the tapes was heard by the Supreme Court on July 8, 1974, at a rare July session.
	www.michaelariens.com /ConLaw/cases/nixon.htm (2745 words)

	The Watergate Files - The Watergate Trial: May 1972 - June 1973 - People
		John Sirica was the son of Italian immigrants who moved from Connecticut to Washington, D. in search of a better life.
		Quickly growing impatient with their pace and the lack of information yielded, Sirica adopted the controversial tactic of questioning the witnesses himself, and he instructed the jury to consider not only what happened, but also why it happened.
		Following the trial that saw five of the seven defendants plead guilty and two convicted, Sirica’s suspicions were confirmed, and the Watergate matter was transformed, when one of the burglars, James McCord, wrote a letter to the judge.
	www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov /museum/exhibits/watergate_files/content.php?section=1&page=b (360 words)

	Home - The Fine Art of John C. Sirica (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		John C. Sirica is a seasoned artist whose works evoke a modernistic atmosphere filled with impressionistic ambience.
		John's prints are in the collections of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the Smithsonian American Art Museum.
		From the evocative beauty of "Eve and Venus" to the sinewy grace of "Earthflower" and the airy beauty of his "Seascapes" John Sirica's creations captures the full range of nature, light, and beauty, emboldened with a refreshing impressionistic feel.
	www.johncsirica.com (151 words)

	washingtonpost.com - watergate scandal and deep throat update, john sirica
		Nicknamed "Maximum John" for his tough sentences, John Joseph Sirica rose to national prominence while presiding over the Watergate trials.
		Suspecting publicly that the defendants in the first Watergate trials weren't fully truthful, Sirica took an investigative approach, questioning witnesses and irking critics who said he overstepped his bounds.
		Sirica chronicled his Watergate experiences in a 1979 book, "To Set the Record Straight: The Break-In, the Tapes, the Conspirators, the Pardon." After he retired from the bench in 1986, Sirica continued to live in Washington, D.C. He died in 1992 at the age of 88.
	www.washingtonpost.com /wp-srv/onpolitics/watergate/johnsirica.html (190 words)

	newsobserver.com \| Nation & World
		The younger Sirica had dropped out of Duke for a while and was working as a copy boy for the Washington Times newspaper.
		To Sirica, the case, at a fundamental level, always had a police element to it, his son said.
		The elder Sirica, the son of a barber who went to law school straight from high school, fretted about the impact his judicial decisions could have.
	www.newsobserver.com /110/story/369930.html (741 words)

	Sirica and Nixon: A High Stakes Contest Over Executive Privilege (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		“The critical issues were being driven by actions taken in a single federal courtroom by John Sirica, a federal judge who reached conclusions that disagreed with the president, and had the courage to stick to those convictions,” said Schroeder.
		President Richard Nixon’s letter to Judge John Sirica will be part of the permanent collection of the Duke Law Library, and will be housed at Duke’s Special Collections Library, said Archibald C. and Frances Fulk Rufty Research Professor of Law Richard A. Danner.
		During the event Judge Sirica's son, Jack Sirica, will present as a gift to the Law Library, the original letter that President Nixon sent to Judge Sirica refusing to provide the White House tapes and other documents on the basis of executive privilege.
	www.law.duke.edu /features/2005/siricanixon.html (1177 words)

	John J. Sirica Papers (Library of Congress)
		Copyright Status: Copyright in the unpublished writings of John J. Sirica in these papers and in other collections in the custody of the Library of Congress is controlled by Lucile Sirica.
		The bulk of the papers documents Sirica's career as judge of the United States District Court for the District of Columbia, 1957-1986.
		Correspondence and memoranda between Sirica and lawyers, judges, court staff, and the general public relating to his activities as a federal district judge.
	www.loc.gov /rr/mss/text/sirica.html (3398 words)

	CBSNews.com Who's Who Person
		Judge John J. Sirica imposed a sentence of 1 to 5 years on McCord for his role in the Watergate break-in.
		They were all caught red-handed during a burglary attempt at the headquarters of the Democratic National Committee on June 17, 1971.
		McCord was the first to break the silence, in a letter to Judge Sirica.
	www.cbsnews.com /elements/2003/07/24/in_depth_politics/whoswho564964_0_11_person.shtml (137 words)

	8 Papers on Watergate
		On March 23, Judge Sirica read a letter from McCord charging that witnesses had committed perjury at the trial and that the defendants had been pressured to plead guilty for them to remain silent.
		John Dean testified, saying that former Attorney General John Mitchell had ordered the break-in at the Watergate complex, and that officials involved were planning to hide the White House’s involvement in the incident.
		Even thought John Mitchell was one of the most trusted advisors, Nixon denied to know anything about the break-in and cover-up of the crime.
	www.lazystudents.com /hyperpapers/watergate.html (10776 words)

	Watergate Chronology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Nixon claimed that White House counsel John Dean had conducted an investigation into the Watergate matter and found that no-one from the White House was involved.
		He claims that the burglars lied at the urging of John Dean, Counsel to the President, and John Mitchell, the Attorney-General.
		John Dean, the White House Counsel, begins co-operating with the Watergate prosecutors.
	www.criticalhistory.com /documents/document/NixonWatergate/Watergate_Chronology.html (1716 words)

	America 1970-1979: Law and Justice History Summary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Sirica's determination to get at the truth in the Watergate case was characteristic of a man whose life was spent overcoming adversity.
		A Republican, Sirica's first law position was as a prosecutor on the staff of the U.S. Attorney General in Washington under President Herbert Hoover.
		Ironically, Sirica's tendency to stretch the law for the sake of justice was precisely what made him such an effective participant in the Watergate case.
	www.bookrags.com /history-america-1970s-law-and-justice/sub28.html (255 words)

	PBS - Thematic Window: The Watergate Scandal
		When John Gardner formed Common Cause in August 1970 to act as a citizens' lobby to make government and politics more open and accountable, little did he know that in a few years the times would be ripe for reform.
		The Watergate scandal which brought down the Nixon presidency entails the break-in of the Democratic Party headquarters in 1972, the cover-up of the break-in, and assorted scandals and improprieties that the investigation subsequently revealed.
		When Judge John Sirica sentenced the burglars on March 23, 1973, one of the defendents, James McCord charged the White House with trying to cover-up its connection to the break-in, including pressuring the defendants to lie.
	www.pbs.org /johngardner/chapters/6c.html (575 words)

	Welcome to The American Presidency
		Four months later, they were convicted and sentenced to prison terms by District Court Judge John J. Sirica, who was convinced that pertinent details had not been unveiled during the trial and proffered leniency in exchange for further information.
		Amid increasing disclosures of White House involvement in the Watergate break-in and its aftermath, Nixon announced the resignations of John Ehrlichman and H. Haldeman, two of his closest advisors, and the dismissal of his counsel John W. Dean III.
		Sirica, John, To Set the Record Straight: The Break-In, the Tapes, the Conspirators, the Pardon (1979).
	ap.grolier.com /article?assetid=0308470-0 (704 words)

	The Trial
		John Vincent Atanasoff was a well-prepared witness by the time U.S. District Judge Earl R. Larson started the trial on 1 June 1971.
		He had also ruled that John Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert, who had for more than twenty-five years been feted, trumpeted, and honored as the co-inventors of the first electronic digital computer, were not entitled to the patent upon which that honor was based.
		John Gustafson was in contact by e-mail and phone with Mark O'Malley, Associate Editor of the World Almanac and Book of Fact.
	www.scl.ameslab.gov /ABC/Trial.html (3345 words)

	A 'Newsday' Editor Turns Over Key Nixon Watergate Letter to Duke
		John J. "Jack" Sirica Jr., also a Duke alumnus--now an editor at "Newsday' in New York--presented the slightly yellowed letter to the school's law library 32 years after his father, federal Judge John Sirica, received Nixon's defiant reply.
		The younger Sirica, now an editor at the daily newspaper Newsday in New York, said his father was often unable to sleep as he deliberated Watergate issues.
		Jack Sirica was living at home with his parents during part of the Watergate case after dropping out of Duke and working for a time as a copyboy at the old Washington Star.
	www.editorandpublisher.com /eandp/news/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1001526202 (1089 words)

	Justice for All [Free Republic]
		Like the late Judge “Maximum John” Sirica during the Watergate scandals, Lamberth just may have had enough Clinton/Gore stonewalling, having endured it from Whitewater to Chinagate to the withholding of the e-mail.
		Sirica’s order demanding that Nixon release the tapes was the most gut-wrenching decision he had to make, he recalled later.
		Atlanta-based attorney Clayton Farnham compares the styles of Sirica and Lamberth: “Although Lamberth has not pulled the trigger very much and is very slow, the media made a plaster saint of Sirica for doing what they wanted done, whereas they are much more conflicted on Clinton, even now maintaining a love-hate attitude.
	www.freerepublic.com /forum/a397927fd70c0.htm (3108 words)

	AllPolitics - Watergate 1974
		But in reporting to federal Judge John J. Sirica that the conversation had been erased by pushing buttons on a tape recorder at least five -- and probably nine -- times, they had found that this destruction of evidence was deliberate.
		The indicted seven were former Attorney General and head of Nixon's re-election committee John Mitchell, White House Chief of Staff H.R. Haldeman, former Nixon chief adviser John D. Ehrlichman, Nixon's special counsel Charles W. Colson, lawyer and political coordinator Robert C. Mardian, Haldeman's chief aide Gordon C. Strachan, and Washington attorney Kenneth W. Parkinson.
		Other troubles cropped up this week for Nixon: A federal jury in Washington convicted John Ehrlichman, one of the president's two former closest advisers, of conspiring to violate the civil rights of Daniel Ellsberg's psychiatrist and of lying to both the FBI and a federal grand jury about authorizing the break-in of the psychiatrist's office.
	www.cnn.com /ALLPOLITICS/1997/06/16/back.time/watergate/1974 (2055 words)

	John White -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		White was born on June 8, 1917, in Fort Collins, Colo. He received a bachelor's degree from the University of Colorado in 1938, where he was an outstanding football player and acquired the nickname Whizzer White.
		Judge Sirica presided over the historic Watergate scandal proceedings following the burglary (June 17, 1972) of the Democratic National Committee headquarters at the Watergate hotel-office-apartment complex in Washington, D.C. He became an American folk hero after unraveling the cover-up, which prompted the resignation (Aug. 9, 1974) of...
		Learn about the Presidency of John Adams, who was the second man to hold the office of U.S. President and the first to occupy the newly constructed White House.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9076805 (650 words)

	John Ehrlichman, Watergate Conspirator, Dead At 73 [February 14, 1999]
		John Ehrlichman, Watergate Conspirator, Dead At 73 [February 14, 1999]
		John D. Ehrlichman, jailed for his role in the Watergate scandal, has died, aged 73.
		They had been summoned to the presidential retreat at Camp David after Nixon's counsel, John Dean, had implicated them in the cover-up of the break-in at the headquarters of the Democratic Party's National Committee headquarters at the Watergate hotel in Washington.
	www.watergate.info /news/99-02-14ehrlichman-dies.shtml (223 words)

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