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Topic: Joint Special Operations Command

	End of Posse Comitatus: Commandos Get Duty on U.S. Soil
		Joint Special Operations Command (JSOC) is officially described as a "joint headquarters designed to study special operations requirements and techniques; ensure interoperability and equipment standardization; plan and conduct joint special operations exercises and training; and develop joint special operations tactics" but this description is economical with the truth.
		JSOC is a joint headquarters designed to study special operations requirements and techniques; ensure interoperability and equipment standardization; plan and conduct joint special operations exercises and training; and develop joint special operations tactics.
		JSOC does not propose to operate the aircraft under lights-out conditions during the flight and only requests that the parachutists be allowed to jump without illumination.
	www.infowars.com /articles/ps/commandos_duty_on_us_soil.htm (0 words)

	U.S. Special Operations Command - SourceWatch
		"Special Operations does not even have on hand soldiers qualified to fill the positions it already has, let alone the new ones it is being given, a Pentagon official said.
		Rumsfeld's transformation primarily involved "pushing the Special Operations Command from the sideshow niche it long has occupied to center stage in the 'global war on terrorism' and other U.S. military operations.
		In northern Iraq, conventional Army paratroopers and tank units were put under the command of a Special Operations general.
	www.sourcewatch.org /index.php?title=Special_Operations_Command (1379 words)

	Asia Times
		Some of those operations should be aimed at signaling to countries that harbor terrorists that "their sovereignty will be at risk".
		The NSC would plan operations but not oversee their execution in order to avoid comparisons to past abuses, such as the Iran-Contra operations run out of the NSC by Oliver North during the Reagan administration.
		Special Operations units have been active in Pakistan for months and are training military forces in Yemen and Georgia.
	www.atimes.com /atimes/Middle_East/DK05Ak02.html (0 words)

	SPECIAL OPERATIONS FORCE STRUCTURE
		SOCs, established as sub-unified commands of the combatant unified commands, are the geographic CINCs’ sources of expertise in all areas of special operations, providing the CINCs with a separate element to plan and control the employment of joint SOF in military operations.
		Commander SOCEUR (COMSOCEUR) functions as the director of the European Command Special Operations Directorate and is one of five commanders in the US European AOR who may be designated to establish or lead a European Joint Task Force (JTF).
		Strategic psychological operations are planned psychological activities in peace and war, which normally pursue objectives to gain the support and cooperation of friendly and neutral countries and to reduce the will and the capacity of hostile or potentially hostile countries to wage war.
	www.fas.org /irp/agency/dod/socom/sof-ref-2-1/SOFREF_Ch2.htm (5322 words)

	US CODE: Title 10,167. Unified combatant command for special operations forces
		Grade of Commander.— The commander of the special operations command shall hold the grade of general or, in the case of an officer of the Navy, admiral while serving in that position, without vacating his permanent grade.
		The commander of such command shall be appointed to that grade by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, for service in that position.
		If the commander of that command does not concur in the recommended level of funding with respect to reserve component special operations units, the Secretary shall include with the budget proposal submitted to the Secretary of Defense the views of the commander of that command.
	www.law.cornell.edu /uscode/10/167.html (1079 words)

	U.S. Special Operations Command Joint Force Quarterly - Find Articles
		Special Operations evolved more rapidly through the 1980s, and by 1990, operators had employed the latest technology, training, and tactics around the globe.
		American and British Special Operators returned with essential experience that helped the profession advance rapidly through the 1990s; these lessons were incorporated into tactics and technology in preparation for more flexible applications of the military instrument in the dynamic post-Cold War strategic environment.
		Because of the importances--and danger--of missions delegated to Special Operators, leaders recognized early that considerable joint and dedicated training and tailored, highly specialized equipment were required.
	findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0KNN/is_40/ai_n16346105 (730 words)

	USATODAY.com - Pentagon rolls out stealth PR (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Run by psychological warfare experts at the U.S. Special Operations Command, the media campaign is being designed to counter terrorist ideology and sway foreign audiences to support American policies.
		The program will operate throughout the world, including in allied nations and in countries where the United States is not involved in armed conflict.
		Special Operations Command awarded three contracts worth up to $100 million each for the media campaign in June.
	www.usatoday.com /news/washington/2005-12-14-pentagon-pr_x.htm (703 words)

	Joint Special Operations Command - SourceWatch
		The Joint Special Operations Command (JSOC) was established on December 15, 1980.
		JSOC is a joint headquarters designed to study special operations requirements and techniques; ensure interoperability and equipment standardization; plan and conduct joint special operations exercises and training; and develop joint special operations tactics."[1]
		Joint Special Operations Command Units (JSOC) at SpecialOperations.com.
	www.sourcewatch.org /index.php?title=Joint_Special_Operations_Command (0 words)

	SFOD-D - ShadowSpear Special Operations
		The 1st Special Forces Operational Detachment-Delta (1st SFOD-D), commonly known as Delta within the US Army or as Delta Force by the general public and officially recognized by the Pentagon as the Combat Applications Group, is a Special Operations Force (SOF) and an element of the Joint Special Operations Command (JSOC).
		The mission failed due to an overly complex plan, inadequate Special Operations Aviation training for the aircrews, a collision between a rescue helicopter and a re-fuelling tanker aircraft, and mechanical problems with the helicopters transporting the rescuers, caused by a severe sandstorm clogging the engine intakes and reducing visibility to nothing.
		After the debacle, the 160th Special Operations Aviation Regiment was created to transport special forces personnel to and from Areas of Operation.
	shadowspear.com /sfod.htm (1524 words)

	USJFCOM: About SOCJFCOM
		Special Operations Command, United States Joint Forces Command has the mission to train conventional and special operations joint force commanders and their staffs in the employment of Special Operations Forces (SOF) to enhance warfighting readiness and interoperability.
		Special Operations (SO) are those operations conducted in hostile, denied, or politically sensitive environments to achieve diplomatic, informational, military and/or economic objectives employing military capabilities for which there is no broad conventional force requirement.
		The United States maintains special operations forces capable of performing these difficult, complex, and sensitive missions on short notice, in peace and war, anywhere in the world.
	www.jfcom.mil /about/com_socjfcom.htm (344 words)

	Pace expected to stay Joint Chiefs chair - Boston.com
		Pace became the first Marine to be named chairman of the Joint Chiefs and the second man to move from vice chairman to chairman.
		Special Operations Command has taken on a larger role since the Sept. 11 attacks.
		That last command is the most secretive and is in charge of special counterterrorism units such as the Army's Delta Force.
	www.boston.com /news/nation/washington/articles/2007/05/10/pace_expected_to_stay_joint_chiefs_chair (608 words)

	U.S. Special Operations Command Joint Force Quarterly - Find Articles
		Special Operations evolved more rapidly through the 1980s, and by 1990, operators had employed the latest technology, training, and tactics around the globe.
		American and British Special Operators returned with essential experience that helped the profession advance rapidly through the 1990s; these lessons were incorporated into tactics and technology in preparation for more flexible applications of the military instrument in the dynamic post-Cold War strategic environment.
		Operation Iraqi Freedom, the second major test in the War on Terror, has seen further integration of Special Operations into a joint and coalition environment.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0KNN/is_40/ai_n16346105 (730 words)

	Special Operations
		Within this command is the Joint Special Operations Command (JSOC) also at Fort Bragg that is responsible for overseeing joint special operations missions including the study of joint special operations requirements, techniques, ensuring interoperability and equipment standardisation and the planning and development of joint special-operations tactics.
		Each theatre has a separate command to meet specific operational requirements and TSOCs are deployed to plan, prepare and provide command and control of army, navy, air force and marine corps special operations forces on behalf of regional commanders to ensure their missions are fully synchronised with conventional military.
		This is important to ensure special operations forces participate in theatre planning missions, that conventional force commanders are familiar with all special operations missions and to understand what they might contribute to the overall success of in-theatre operations.
	www.global-defence.com /2003/freedom.htm (1433 words)

	SOCCENT Warrior - Leading the Fight in the Hot Spots: Iraq, Afghanistan and the Horn of Africa - Brigadier General ... (Site not responding. Last check: )
		In June 1993, Brigadier General Kearney assumed command of the 1st Battalion (Airborne), 501st Infantry at Fort Richardson, Alaska, and while commanding the 1st of the 501st, was selected to command the 3rd Ranger Battalion at Fort Benning.
		Kearney was the deputy commanding general for operations for the Joint Special Operations Command from July 2002 until September 2003 and participated in Operation Iraqi Freedom.
		For the SOF or conventional commander, they can be the carrot that supports the stick, the enabler that gains local access, the assessor that provides focused priorities and an information conduit with their relationships to local and regional leaders and professionals.
	www.special-operations-technology.com /article.cfm?DocID=1356 (4199 words)

	SpecWarNet -Joint Special Operations Command
		As part of this panning a number of new special operations units were formed within the armed forces.
		To help prevent some of the confusion that developed during the planning, and execution phases of the first rescue attempt, a new command structure was activated to control these new units.
		Although JSOC's stated purpose is to provide a unified command structure for conducting joint special operations and exercises, numerous reports have stated that JSOC is actually the command responsible for conducting US counter-terrorism (CT) operations.
	www.specwarnet.net /americas/jsoc.htm (0 words)

	United States Special Operations Command - Component Commands (Unclassified)
		Naval Special Warfare Command is to prepare Naval Special Warfare (NSW) forces to carry out assigned missions and to develop special operations strategy, doctrine and tactics.
		Joint Special Operations Command is a joint headquarters designed to study special operations requirements and techniques; ensure interoperability and equipment standardization; plan and conduct joint special operations exercises and training; and develop joint special operations tactics.
		's primary purpose is to teach the integrated and synergistic application of these service SOF functions in accordance with joint special operations doctrine and to ensure the future leaders of SOF understand the joint employment of this potent force to satisfy operational and strategic objectives.
	www.socom.mil /components/components.htm (202 words)

	ARMED FORCES JOURNAL - More than door-kickers - March 2006
		What troubles many special operators, particularly those from the SF community, is that another six principal missions, as well as the contributions of the Army's civil affairs and psychological operations units, are undervalued by their leaders.
		He said combined joint special operations task forces with Special Forces at their core are performing foreign internal defense missions in Iraq, Afghanistan and the Philippines.
		The Pentagon plans to expand the flag officer structure of JSOC from its current model of a two-star commander with two one-star deputies to one with a three-star commander, a two-star deputy and at least two one-stars underneath them, according to several special operations sources.
	www.armedforcesjournal.com /2006/03/1813956 (2349 words)

	Special Operations Command (SOCOM) (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Special operations are those conducted against strategic and tactical targets in pursuit of national military, political, economic or psychological objectives, by personnel specially trained, equipped, and organized to do so.
		During Operation Desert Storm, SOF played a unique and important role, operating on land, on and under the sea, and in the air as part of the combined arms team.
		Special operations forces contributed significantly to coalition warfare and the reconstruction of Kuwait's military and public infrastructure.
	www.milnet.com /pentagon/socom.htm (374 words)

	Factsheets : U.S. Air Force Special Operations School : U.S. Air Force Special Operations School
		The USAFSOS prepares special operations Airmen to successfully plan, organize, and execute global special operations by providing indoctrination and education for AFSOC, other USSOCOM components, and joint/interagency/ coalition partners.
		Joint special operations courses provide SOF indoctrination for new Air Commandos and cover doctrine, SOF air command and control, contemporary insurgency warfare, and operational planning.
		The U.S. Air Force Special Air Warfare School was activated at Hurlburt Field in April 1967 under the Special Air Warfare Center, then located at Eglin Air Force Base, Fla. The school was redesignated the U.S. Air Force Special Operations School in 1968.
	www.af.mil /factsheets/factsheet.asp?id=186 (0 words)

	The Hunt for Bin Laden
		The latest phase of military operations in Afghanistan has shifted the emphasis from heavy bombing to more of a “boots on the ground” approach involving hundreds of U.S. special forces units with missions ranging from engaging Al-Qaeda fighters, to interrogating prisoners, guarding sensitive positions and, soon, possibly searching the Tora Bora caves.
		Because of the importance and value attached to special operations, SOF units exist in each of the four branches of the military.
		This lengthy guidance document from the Joint Chiefs of Staff gives general instructions on planning and executing joint special operations, from carrying out psychological warfare to ensuring an adequate legal foundation for SOF activities.
	www.gwu.edu /~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB63 (1350 words)

	Admiral Leads Special Operations Command Europe
		The joint-force command is responsible for special operations conducted within the EUCOM area of operation, including 92 countries in Africa, Europe and Eurasia.
		Thomas R. Csrnko was a "key architect in forging Operation Enduring Freedom Trans-Sahara," which is the military contribution to the Trans-Sahara counterterrorism initiative.
		"Special operations soldiers, sailors, airmen and Marines will be on the forefront of the war on terrorism and countless other difficult endeavors," he said.
	www.military.com /features/0,15240,103396,00.html (652 words)

	Early Warning Archive by Category
		U.S. "fl" special operations forces in Iraq have conducted as many as 300 "takedown" operations, an activity that an influential retired general calls "simply magic." The assessment appears in an eight-page trip report written by retired Army Gen. Barry McCaffrey,...
		The operations are aimed at an increase in water-borne criminal activity, activity that not...
		U.S. special operations forces for the first time have their own war plan to fight the "global war on terrorism." Special Operations Command (SOCOM) which until now had always operated "in support of" other commands and other commanders now will...
	blog.washingtonpost.com /earlywarning/special_operations (0 words)

	Special Operations Command Korea Background
		It is a support command commanded by a four-star flag officer primarily responsibile for providing trained and equipped special operations personnel to theater combatant commanders.
		Special Operations Forces (SOF) are personnel trained and equipped to accomplish missions which conventional forces are not trained and equipped to accomplish.
		In addition, because operations are usually conducted by small units in direct or indirect military actions focused on accomplishing strategic or operational objectives, SOF rely heavily on timely intelligence and sophisticated communications capabilities.
	8tharmy.korea.army.mil /SOCKOR/background.html (789 words)

	DefenseLink News Article: Admiral Leads Special Operations Command Europe
		The joint-force command is responsible for special operations conducted within the EUCOM area of operation, including 92 countries in Africa, Europe and Eurasia.
		Thomas R. Csrnko was a "key architect in forging Operation Enduring Freedom Trans-Sahara," which is the military contribution to the Trans-Sahara counterterrorism initiative.
		"Special operations soldiers, sailors, airmen and Marines will be on the forefront of the war on terrorism and countless other difficult endeavors," he said.
	www.defenselink.mil /news/newsarticle.aspx?id=15940 (652 words)

	Salon.com News \| The shadowy world of Special Operations
		For their part, special operations leaders feel their exceptional skills have never been properly appreciated by the generals, who almost always come from the more traditional branches of the service and who look at these alleged "super soldiers" as prima donnas, wild men and wasters of precious resources.
		The current U.S. Special Operations Command, headquartered at MacDill Air Force Base in Tampa, Fla., is made up of the Army's famed Delta Detachment, the Navy's SEAL Team Six, units of the 75th Army Ranger Regiment and selected Air Force squadrons.
		Their most famous operations have been spectacular failures, from Desert One, to the ill-fated Ranger mission to capture Somali warlord Mohamed Farrah Aidid in 1993 recounted in Mark Bowden's sobering "Black Hawk Down," to the exquisitely executed Son Tay raid in North Vietnam, which nonetheless failed to yield a single American POW as planned.
	archive.salon.com /news/feature/2001/09/20/special_operations/index.html (880 words)

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