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	Jomon Culture (ca. 10,500–ca. 300 B.C.) \| Thematic Essay \| Timeline of Art History \| The Metropolitan Museum of ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Jomon people were semi-sedentary, living mostly in pit dwellings arranged around central open spaces, and obtained their food by gathering, fishing, and hunting.
		All Jomon pots were made by hand, without the aid of a wheel, the potter building up the vessel from the bottom with coil upon coil of soft clay.
		By this period, the gradual climatic warming that had begun around 10,000 B.C. sufficiently raised sea levels, so that the southern islands of Shikoku and Kyushu were separated from the main island of Honshu.
	www.metmuseum.org /toah/hd/jomo/hd_jomo.htm (848 words)

	Japanese history: Jomon, Yayoi, Kofun
		During the Jomon Period (13000 BC to 300 BC), the inhabitants of the Japanese islands were gatherers, fishers and hunters.
		By the beginning of the Kofun Period (300 - 538), a center of power had developed in the fertile Kinai plain, and by about 400 AD the country was united as Yamato Japan with its political center in and around the province of Yamato (about today's Nara prefecture).
		The period's name comes from the large tombs (kofun) that were built for the political leaders of that era.
	www.japan-guide.com /e/e2131.html (451 words)

	Ancient Japan
		In the middle period there were rapid strides in pottery techniques; the pots produced during this time in the central mountain areas are generally considered to be the finest of the whole Jomon era.
		The appearance of large settlements from the middle period onward has been interpreted by some scholars as implying the cultivation of certain types of crop--a hypothesis seemingly supported by the fact that the chipped-stone axes of this period are not sharp but seem to have been used for digging soil.
		Much as in the Jomon period, there were two types of dwelling--the pit type and the type built on the surface--but in addition to these, raised-floor structures appeared and were used for storing grain out of the reach of rodents.
	www.crystalinks.com /japan1.html (4157 words)

	Mesolithic Japan - Jomon Period (9500 BP to c. 2250 BP) - Japanese History Online
		The Jomon period is unusual by world standards; there is ample evidence of pottery manufacture and of the beginnings of agriculture and animal husbandry.
		By the middle period, Jomon pottery and the culture it was associated with was distributed widely through the Archipelago.
		By this stage, the manufacturers of Jomon pottery were ready to make the technological jump to the higher temperature kilns and pottery wheel that are associated with the Yayoi Period.
	www.yamasa.org /history/english/jomon_jidai.html (1140 words)

	Jomon period Summary
		The Jomon is the period in Japanese prehistory between the Paleolithic and the Yayoi.
		The economy of the Jomon period was primarily hunting, gathering, and fishing, and thus the presence of pottery but the absence of agriculture makes it difficult to fit the Jomon into the evolutionary schemes commonly used in Europe and North America.
		These two periods correspond to the prehistoric thermal optimum (between 4000 and 2000 BC), when temperatures reached several degrees Celsius higher than the present, and the seas were higher by 5 to 6 meters.
	www.bookrags.com /Jomon_period (2424 words)

	j o m o n (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		the jomon period began in 10,500 bc, and it is named after the pottery style of the jomon-jin.
		the period is characterized by the emergence of jomon pottery, and ends with the introduction of agriculture by the yayoi - emigrants of northern china who are thought to be the descendants of the modern japanese people.
		the jomon period itself is split into several smaller periods: the incipient, initial, early, middle, late, and final jomon periods.
	www.tbns.net /andrivete/jomon (216 words)

	JapanCorner - The Benihana Guide to Japan
		The Jomon period is best known for its stone age earthenware which is typically pottery of simple shapes with primitive relief decoration.
		The Momoyama period marks the end of a long period of civil strife (as feudal clans fought for control during the latter half of the 15th century) and the beginning of a era of unification under Oda Nobunaga.
		The early part of the Showa period was a period of Japanese Imperialism during which Japan went to war with China, then, after bombing Pearl Harbor in 1941, the United States and the Allied Forces.
	www.japancorner.com /cultural-history.asp (1416 words)

	Yayoi and Jomon
		Jomon means "cord pattern," for these people designed cord patterns on their pottery—the oldest of its kind in human history.
		The Incipient Jomon pots are a major challenge to understanding human cultures, for they represent the very first ceramics in human history, predating Mesopotamian ceramics by over two thousand years.
		It was in this period that human beings all over the world began to live in a more sedentary manner—at the beginning of this period, human beings begin to live in substantially sized villages; towards the end of this period, the very first human cities appear.
	www.wsu.edu:8080 /~dee/ANCJAPAN/YAYOI.HTM (1646 words)

	Oya skeleton may be Jomon Period's oldest
		The Jomon Period lasted from approximately 10,000 B.C. to 300 B C and was characterized by the cord-marked pottery made by the people of the day.
		The debate focuses on whether Jomon culture - distinguished from the Paleolithic Period due to the use of pottery - came to Japan from northern or southern Asia, said Takura Izumi, a professor of Jomon archaeology at Nara University.
		Jomon people also tended to bury their dead in the middle of their villages, supporting the theory that the cave where the Oyaji remains were excavated once provided shelter for generations of Jomon people, he said.
	www.trussel.com /prehist/news79.htm (1022 words)

	Japanese History \| History of Japan :: Japan Visitor
		The Jomon era itself is divided into 6 stages, the first of which originated on the Kanto plain, around present-day Tokyo.
		Jomon pottery predates ceramics found anywhere else in the world by 2000 years and — the people of the time being hunter-gatherers — is unique proof that making pottery was not just the preserve of peoples with agriculture.
		The Heian period was marked by the capital moving from Nara to Heian-kyo ('Capital of Peace and Tranquility'), now known as Kyoto, the most likely reason for the move being the Court's desire to escape the influence of the great Buddhist institutions.
	www.japanvisitor.com /index.php?cID=359&pID=334&pName=culture-japan-history (5178 words)

	Famous Sites, Fauna and Flora
		During this period, vast artifacts were excavated from each stratum orderly accumulated according to periods.
		Jomon pottery in Mawaki has not only shown the characteristics of Jomon pottery to us, they also have greatly contributed to the archeological study in Japan.
		In the ruins, covering as large as 20 hectares, we see three different periods: the lowest layer was the remains of the early Middle Yayoi period, the lower layer middle of the Middle Yayoi, the upper layer end of the Late Yayoi which had the largest society.
	www.pref.ishikawa.jp /bunkazai/e-siseki/e-1-2.htm (419 words)

	The Japan Society of the UK
		The Jomon (??) period in the prehistory of Japan lasted from the thirteenth century BC to the end of the first millennium BC.
		Archaeologists have found Jomon sites in many parts of Japan and many pots which have helped them to reconstruct a picture, if somewhat hazy, of the culture which the Jomon peoples developed and which was in many ways more advanced than that of other peoples elsewhere in Asia of that time.
		The invention of pottery, which began in the earliest stages, was a highly significant development of human technology for the prehistoric inhabitants of the Japanese archipelago and implied a change from a nomadic to a sedentary existence.
	www.japansociety.org.uk /reviews/05jomon.html (1042 words)

	Sumitomo Group Public Affairs Committee
		Their owner is thought to have been between 150 and 155 centimeters tall, and to have possessed thin upper limbs and relatively robust lower limbs, a physique ideal for life in narrow mountainous terrain.
		The Jomon Period Japanese were still mainly hunter-gatherers, and it was only after the start of the Yayoi period that agriculture began to take off in a big way.
		If you look at human bones from the Yayoi Period, the owners of those found in western Japan where the newcomers settled were relatively tall, whereas the size of Yayoi Period bones found in northern Japan suggest people of much the same average height as those of the Jomon Period.
	www.sumitomo.gr.jp /english/discoveries/special/84_01.html (843 words)

	jap_ceramic
		Pots of the Middle Jomon period (2500 to 1500 BC) are distinquished for their decorations which include ovals, circles, spirals and other shapes that resemble human or animal faces.
		This period and the succeeding later Jomon period, which lasted until 300, BC saw the introduction of large numbers of small figurines, which are both animistic as well as artistic in their execution.
		Although the Momoyama period was very short, a form of pottery called Shino that developed during this period and which displays the rich decorative beauty of the late sixteenth century is highly regarded for its form and beauty.
	www.asia-art.net /jap_ceramic.html (1506 words)

	Body modification in Jomon Japan
		It is also known that in later phases of the Jomon period population growth and a greater ability in exploiting and preserving food resources, lead to reduced mobility, larger communities and greater specialization, with thriving exchange networks and participation to rituals and construction of ritual sites involving more than a single small community.
		From the Yayoi period in fact the population living in the Japanese archipelago experienced major changes in patterns social of organisation, as the diffusion of rice agriculture substituted the previous patterns of subsistence, and influence from mainland China grew stronger.
		Probably in the Jomon period and later as well the individual did not have much control on the construction of the relation between body and society, since modifications were possibly mandatory and controlled by a developing social/religious 'elite'.
	www.bmezine.com /culture/A50421/cltbodym.html (4460 words)

	Bulletin of the International Jomon Culture Conference "FAKERY" AT THE BEGINNING, THE ENDING AND THE MIDDLE OF THE ...
		And on May 25, 2003, the newspapers in Japan reported that the Middle Jomon Period was 500 years older than had been thought -- that it ranged from 4,500 to 5,500 years ago, not from 4,000 to 5,000 years ago (Jomon Chuki 2003).
		And certainly no one should have thought this changed the relationship of the oldest Jomon pottery with the oldest pottery elsewhere in the world, because simple radiocarbon dates can be compared only to simple radiocarbon dates, and calibrated dates to calibrated dates, and these relationships remained unchanged (Taniguchi 1999, 2001, 2002; Taniguchi and Kawaguchi 2001).
		For 30 years, archaeologists have been writing a false history of the Jomon period and of the Jomon-Yayoi transition, simply because they lacked the readily available knowledge and understanding of radiocarbon dates that they needed in order to write a reasonably accurate history of those times.
	www.jomon.or.jp /ebulletin11.html (1560 words)

	Women's Prehistoric Jomon Pottery: History, Illustrations, Links (New URL)
		"Jomon people were able to develop an unusually sophisticated hunting-gathering culture in part because they were protected from large-scale invasions by their island setting and also because of their abundant food supply...
		Jomon usually crafted their vessels by building them up with coils of clay, then firing them in bonfires at relatively low temperatures.
		It is thought that Jomon pottery was made by women, as was the practice in most early societies, especially before the use of the potter's wheel.
	www.earlywomenmasters.net /masters/jomon/index.html (604 words)

	Jomon
		The dating of Jomon sites is done by examining the rope patterns (Jomon) on the pottery which is found.
		DNA shows that Jomon and Ainu are the same and links to American Indian groups such as Navaho are documented.
		The Jomon culture made clay pots and articles without the aid of a "potters wheel", each piece being formed by hand to the desired shape by the artisan, larger pieces being decorated by pressing a length of twisted twine or rope into the wet clay as the following shards of pottery depict.
	home.att.net /~stonebones/jomon.htm (1062 words)

	Latter Jomon Culture and the Emishi
		The Latter Jomon culture in the Tohoku and Hokkaido is the culture that archeologists have identified with what historians have called the Emishi, Ebisu and Ezo, and ancestral to the Satsumon culture.
		The Latter Jomon saw to the spread of a type of pottery that was unique to southern Hokkaido and the Tohoku region.
		The Latter Jomon culture is unusual in that instead of retreating north in the face of the Yayoi culture moves back towards the south during the Kofun period.
	emishi-ezo.net /jomon.html (974 words)

	Jomon Culture
		The Jomon is a pottery-using culture, a characteristic often associated with early farming cultures.
		It is clear in the literature that Japanese archaeologists assume that the Jomon culture was co-extensive with the present national boundaries of Japan, exclusive of southern Okinawa, that everything within Japan during these ten millenniums was Jomon but nothing in Korea or Russian Primorye belonged to this culture.
		The Jomon culture, however, was far too varied to include everything in the Japanese islands under the same cultural name while excluding the contemporary cultures in Korea and Primorye.
	www.t-net.ne.jp /~keally/jomon.html (1529 words)

	Yayoi period Summary
		Following the Jomon period (10,000 BC to 300 BC), Yayoi culture flourished from southern Kyushu to northern Honshu.
		A theory publicized in the early Meiji period argued that the Yayoi culture was brought to Japan by migrants from Korea.
		These artifacts came from the northern region of Kyushu, and to further confirm this finding, artifacts from Korea and Jomon earthenware from the Tohoku region of the same time period as the initial study were compared with the same results.
	www.bookrags.com /Yayoi_period (2889 words)

	Neolithic Japan - Yayoi period (c. 250 BC-c. AD 250) - Japanese History Online
		The culture of the Jomon Period was still spreading and developing across the rest of Japan when a new culture that we now call Yayoi began in Kyushu.
		Communities with Jomon period technology needed to quickly adapt the new culture, or be displaced.
		Tsushima island lies halfway between the Korean peninsula and Kyushu, and excavations since September 1999 in the mountains of the island have uncovered a Yayoi Period settlement that appears to be the capitol of the Tsushimakoku kingdom that was mentioned in the Chinese Wei Chronicle.
	www.yamasa.org /history/english/yayoi_jidai.html (1157 words)

	The History of the Jyomon Jidai (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		The Aizu basin was a swamp in the Jomon Period
		The land in the Jomon Period around the foot of the mountain basin was green and drained.
		The land in the Jomon Period around the foot of the mountains was full of sunshine.
	www.angelfire.com /comics/falos/fact_sheet.html (268 words)

	Japanese Pottery - Clay Figurines from the Jomon Period
		Some of the most intriguing works from the Jomon period are clay figurines called dogu (pronounced dough-goo).
		As many were excavated in fragments, it's believed that after the wish was fulfilled, or not, the dogu was broken and thrown on the trash heap; that's where many were discovered.
		Another theory is that these were goddesses to whom Jomon people prayed to for food and health.
	www.e-yakimono.net /html/jomon-dogu.html (507 words)

	Jomon Period - Japan's History 10,000 BC to 300 BC
		Jomon Period - Japan 10,000 BC to 300 BC Jomon, meaning "patterns of plaited cord", is an era in Japan from about 10,000 BC to 300 BC.
		By 3,000 BC, the Jomon people were making clay figures and vessels decorated with patterns made by impressing the wet clay with braided or unbraided cord and sticks with a growing sophistication.
		By the late Jomon period, a dramatic shift had taken place according to archaeological studies.
	www.japan-101.com /history/history_period_jomon.htm (558 words)

	JAPANESE PREHISTORY
		It was during this period that the Imperial house worked to distinguish itself from the other powerful families, in large part through the introduction of Chinese-style political, cultural and religious institutions.
		The Jomon period is named for the characteristic rope-pattern that decorates the pottery of this period, vessels that are often strikingly ornate (right).
		Elaborate bronze mirrors, derived from continental styles that began to be imported in the Yayoi period, were also frequently interred with the dead (the balls around the rim of the mirror at left functioned as rattles).
	faculty.sxu.edu /~bathgate/gallery/Japan/japan.html (754 words)

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