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	Josef Kammhuber - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		General Josef Kammhuber (August 19, 1896–January 25, 1986) was the first General of the Night Fighters in the Luftwaffe during World War II.
		Josef Kammhuber was born in Alz, the son of a farmer.
		He was sent to the USSR in 1930 and 31 in order to train in secret, and on his return was sent to join the staff of General Walter Wever who was in the process of attempting to set up a strategic bomber command, a plan that died with Wever in 1936.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Josef_Kammhuber (1461 words)

	Kammhuber Line - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A map of part of the Kammhuber Line stolen by a Belgian agent and passed-on to the British in 1942.
		The Kammhuber Line was the name given to the German night air defense system established in July 1940 by Colonel Josef Kammhuber.
		This tactic was extremely effective, leading to fighting between Kammhuber and Erhard Milch, his boss.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Kammhuber_Line (926 words)

	Personalities relating to Norway during WW2 A
		Joining the army as a wartime volunteer on 19.08.14 Kammhuber spent WWI as an infantryman, staying on after the war he transferred to the new Luftwaffe on 01.09.33.
		He was held as a POW by the Americans until 10.04.48 and re-entered the new Luftwaffe being formed on 06.06.56, after a career spanning almost 50 years he retired on 30.09.62 as Inspekteur der Luftwaffe with the rank of four star General.
		Kammhuber was awarded the Ritterkreuz on 09.07.41 as Kommandeur der 1.Nachtjagd-Division.
	www.nuav.net /personalitiesk.html (373 words)

	[8.0] Electronic Warfare Against The Axis (1) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		As mentioned, work on this network began in the summer of 1940, under the direction of Colonel Josef Kammhuber, who would rise through the ranks to major general.
		When Kammhuber began his task, the tools at his disposal included the old visual observer network, sound location gear, searchlights, and two radars, two radars at his disposal, Freya and Wuerzburg.
		Kammhuber protested the use of Zahme Sau, insisting that he could compensate if given more resources, but he was ignored.
	www.vectorsite.net /ttwiz8.html (7096 words)

	Night Fighters Radar Air Defenses (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Herman Goring placed Generalleutnant Josef Kammhuber, formely a bomber commander, in charge of night air defenses in July of 1940.
		Initially the Kammhuber Line was made up of three zones or "boxes" 20 miles (32 km) long and 12 miles (20 km) wide running north to south across a part of Holland.
		This extensive network of searchlights, radar and night fighters was based in occupied France, Belgium and Holland, covering the approaches that British bombers took to reach their targets.
	www.ww2guide.com /night.shtml (2670 words)

	MilitaryHistoryOnline.com - Bomber Command (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The man assigned the job of establishing night fighter defences for Germany was General Josef Kammhuber, appointed in October, 1940.
		It was known to the allies as the Kammhuber Line.
		The Kammhuber line was a series of "boxes" set approximately 20 miles apart, stretching from Denmark to the Bay of Biscay.
	www.militaryhistoryonline.com /wwii/bombercommand/nightfighter.aspx (516 words)

	Luftwaffe - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		A chain of radar stations was established all across the Reich territory from Norway to the border with Switzerland known as the "Kammhuber Line", named for Generalleutnant Josef Kammhuber, and nearby night-fighter wings, Nachtjagdgeschwader (NJG), were alerted to the presence of the enemy.
		These wings were equipped mostly with Messerschmitt Bf 110 and Junkers Ju 88 aircraft, which would later be outfitted with the Lichtenstein nose-mounted radar.
		The aforementioned Josef Kammhuber also served with the postwar Luftwaffe, retiring in 1962 as Inspekteur der Bundesluftwaffe.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Luftwaffe (4052 words)

	History of the Nachtjagd
		night raids over German territory made from necessity science and Josef Kammhuber due to his excellent organization qualities is appointed to the organisation of the night defence system.
		It was in July 1940 that Generalmajor Josef Kammhuber took in charge the establishment of the Nachtverteidigung (night protection of the skies) in Luftwaffe coming directly from a P.O.W. camp in France.
		He created a night defensive line, from the Isle of Sylt to Scheldemündung, later to be known to friends and foes as the Kammhuber line.
	www.njg109.com /about.htm (3173 words)

	JOSEF KAMMHUBER - PHOTOGRAPH SIGNED
		In July 1940, Nazi Reichsmarschall Herman Göring placed Generalleutnant Josef Kammhuber, formerly a bomber commander, in charge of night air defenses.
		Kammhuber constructed a network of searchlights, radar and night fighters based in occupied France, Belgium and Holland, covering the approaches that British bombers took to reach their targets.
		It wasn't until the British developed new tactics and used electronic counter-measures that the Kammhuber line became far less effective.
	www.galleryofhistory.com /archive/5_2003/military/JOSEF_KAMMHUBER.htm (212 words)

	World War 2 in the Air » 1940 » October
		Josef Kammhuber became “General of the Night Fighters”
		16.10.1940 Josef Kammhuber was promoted to Generaloberst with the charge of “General of the Night Fighters” and established his HQ in Utrecht, the Netherlands.
		Defensive line in limited part of German border (”Kammhuber line”).
	www.ww2air.com /1940/10 (71 words)

	Saturday, July 20, 1940
		First Lieutenant Werner Streib in an Me110 night-fighter, using only visual contact, achieves the first nighttime kill of the war by shooting down a British Whitley bomber over northwestern Germany.
		Goring, the commander in chief of the Luftwaffe, orders the creation of the first specialized night-fighter wing -- Nachtjagdgeschwader 1 (NJG 1) -- under the command of Colonel Josef Kammhuber.
		Off the coast of Tobruk in Libya, 2 Italian destroyers and a cargo ship are torpedoed by British Swordfish torpedo bombers.
	www.onwar.com /chrono/1940/jul40/20jul40.htm (185 words)

	RAF Schleswig during the war
		Herman Göering placed Generalleutnant Josef Kammhuber, formerly a bomber commander, in charge of night air defenses in July of 1940.
		Searchlights illuminated each bomber as a Bf110 or Ju88 night fighter closed in for the kill.
		A radar-controlled master searchlight introduced in 1941 made the Kammhuber Line even more effective by locking onto bombers automatically with a pale blue beam until other searchlights picked it up.
	adenairways.com /schleswig/schleswig_war.htm (745 words)

	Situational Awareness: 2005-11-27
		Early on, searchlights illuminated each bomber as a Messerschmidt Bf-110 or Junkers Ju-88 night fighter assigned to that area closed in for the kill.
		During 1941, a radar-controlled master searchlight introduced in 1941 made the Kammhuber Line even more effective by locking onto bombers automatically, illuminating the target with a pale blue guide beam that manually directed searchlights could pick up.
		Target range, altitude, speed, and bearing data were sent to a ground control station that directed night fighters toward the enemy bomber "stream." Thus, each night fighter was like a spider at the center of an invisible web of beams.
	edefense.blogspot.com /2005_11_27_edefense_archive.html (6167 words)

	World War 2 in the Air » Pavel
		Josef Kammhuber, XII air corps commander, the creator of night Reich air defence has made fatal mistake 24th of June 1943 - he said Hitler the truth.
		Due to Kammhuber’s insistence by the summer 1943 his “Himmelbelt” zones were covering territory from the north of Jutland to the Mediterranean, he had five Geschwaders (about 400 of twin-engine fighters) under his command, and sixth was forming up.
		Two members of crew were oberleutnant Ludvig Bekker and sergeant Josef Staub.
	www.ww2air.com /author/admin (868 words)

	Airfield attack (CDB100620)
		Once the enemy is in the air and attacking--no matter how small his numbers might be--the risk is great that he might get through and cause serious damage, no matter how good your own defensive force might be.
		As far as the Luftwaffe attacking allied bomber assets on the ground in England, General of Night Fighters Josef Kammhuber, creator of the Luftwaffe's anti-RAF bomber defense force, as part of his strategy, immediately created an intruder force of Ju 88s and Do 217s to attack British bomber bases.
		As he said, "If I want to smoke out a wasps nest, I don't go for the individual insects buzzing about, but the entrance hole where they are all inside." However, on Oct. 13, 1941, by direct order of Hitler, the Luftwaffe's attacks on British bomber fields were stopped.
	yarchive.net /mil/airfield_attack.html (3045 words)

	Luftwaffe - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Hartmann retired as an Oberst (colonel) in 1970 aged 48.
		The aforementioned Josef Kammhuber also served with the post-war Luftwaffe, retiring in 1962 as Inspekteur der Bundesluftwaffe.
		During the 1960s, the "Starfighter crisis" was a big problem for German politics, as many of these Lockheed F-104 fighters crashed after being modified to serve for Luftwaffe purposes.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Luftwaffe (3040 words)

	Second World War Books Review
		Contributors include Adolf Galland, Josef Kammhuber, Willi Messerschmitt, Beppo Schmid, and seven others.
		Although many of the authors were fighter pilots, these are not stories about air-to-air combat.
		The first decisive improvement was effected by the appearance of the "Wurzburg A" radar set.
	stonebooks.com /archives/030608.shtml (3339 words)

	AUTOGRAPHS & MANUSCRIPTS: GENERAL JOSEF KAMMHUBER - COMMEMORATIVE ENVELOPE SIGNED CIRCA 1971 CO-SIGNED BY:HERMANN ...
		Royal Air Force Andover cover commemorating the 60th anniversary of the first long-distance international air race, French stamp honoring aviation pioneer Henri Farman affixed, pictorially postmarked Vincennes, France, June 18, 1971.
		JOSEF KAMMHUBER (1896-1986) was the first General of the Night Fighters in the Luftwaffe in World War II, setting up the first successful night fighter defense system called the "Kammhuber Line".
		HERMANN MERSMANN was a transport pilot in charge of flying in supplies to Stalingrad and flying out the wounded.
	www.galleryofhistory.com /archive/3_2005/military-leaders/74881-GENERAL-JOSEF-KAMMHUBER.htm (247 words)

	Heinkel He219A Uhu
		By late 1941, night bombing by the British Royal Air Force (RAF) had reached such serious proportions that the existing Junkers Ju-88 and Messerschmitt Bf-110 night fighters were unable to counter it.
		Josef Kammhuber, commander of night fighters, the RLM asked Heinkel to redesign the P.1060 as a radar-equipped night fighter.
		The Germans first used aerial intercept radar successfully against a British night bomber in early 1942.
	www.nasm.si.edu /research/aero/aircraft/heinkel_219.htm (1335 words)

	I./JG53 1Staffel
		Thus project disappeared 1064 in the drawer and was forgotten.
		General Josef Kammhuber, the always uncomfortable commander of the night interception relays of the Air Force, was however done after an attendance in the Heinkelwerk in Rostock in such a way of the Potenzial of the prototype 1064 that the project was waked again to the life.
		In addition one had only concerned on 1 April 1943, when after the defaults Kammhubers of August 1942 a whole group of employments are set up its should, at five prototypes.
	www.jg53-pikas.de /Uhu_eng.htm (1194 words)

	The "Westfalen-Wing" in Rheine-Hopsten (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		One of the first highlights of the youngest wing of the Luftwaffe came in December 12, 1961.
		The Inspector General of the Luftwaffe, Lieutenant General Josef Kammhuber acting for the Secretary of Defence Dr. Franz-Josef Strauss formally activated the new Jagdbombergeschwader 36 (JaboG 36) with a ceremonious roll call at Hopsten AB.
		Among the guests were the General of the Luftwaffengruppe Nord, Harlinghausen, as well as the Commander of the 2nd Allied Air Fleet, Air Marshall Sir John Grandy plus numerous distinguished guests.
	www.etnp.de /Seite46-Geschichte-UK/Seite46-Geschichte-UK.htm (2216 words)

	Untitled Document
		Convinced that his air power could win the war, and reinforced with an ever-growing force of Lancaster bombers and new tactics, he targeted Germany’s industrial heartland for a massive 1943 offensive.
		But the RAF was up against ever-more sophisticated German air defence lines, orchestrated and controlled by the resourceful and resilient Josef Kammhuber.
		In the end, the losses to German flak and nightfighters could not be sustained.
	www.historytvdocumentaries.com /faceoff.html (2974 words)

	Aces of the Luftwaffe - Wolfgang Falck
		He was to lead NJG 1 for three years and five days but his legacy was to establish, in partnership with General Josef Kammhuber, an effective night fighter force.
		On 1 July 1943, Falck was promoted to the rank of Oberst and transferred to Generalstab as Kammhuber’s representative at the Luftwaffenführungsstab.
		The Falck/Kammhuber partnership was dissolved when they failed to agree on the direction of the night fighter arm.
	www.luftwaffe.cz /falck.html (835 words)

	Record (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Name: Kammhuber, Josef - Bust portrait PS - Item #: 1494
		Description: General in charge of air defense of Germany; developed the "Kammhuber Line" of defense.
		Send mail to wwest@autosautos.com with questions or comments about this web site.
	www.autosautos.com /Record.asp?InventoryID=1494 (47 words)

	Nachtjager Volume 1: Luftwaffe Night Fighter Units 1939-1943 (Luftwaffe Colours) (David Williams)
		The task was enormous but Falck's efforts were bolstered by the appointment of Oberst Josef Kammhuber to command a newly created Night Fighter Division.
		By the end of 1940 radar technology, both ground-based and mounted in Bf 110s, Ju 88s and other aircraft, had been incorporated, resulting in a force that began taking an increasing toll of their RAF opponents.
		Williams covers the first, faltering steps of German's nightfighters, chronicling their successes, failures and technical developments such as 'Schrage musik' along with giving proper credit - in the form of lengthy sidebars - to Falck, Kammhuber and top-scoring ace Helmut Lent.
	www.truefresco.org /bookshop/viewproduct.php?country=us&asin=1903223539 (428 words)

	Alternate History Discussion Board - the Worlds Greatest Appeasement
		The commanders of the Gruppen will be Generalleutnants, Josef Kammhuber, Werner Molders and Helmuth Wick.
		Meeting with the commanders of his Gruppens, Generalleutnants, Josef Kammhuber, Werner Molders and Helmuth Wick, Generaloberst Galland advises them that war with the Soviets should now be considered likely.
		As such he says we have to achieve and maintain air superiority over the Soviets to allow our ground forces to achieve victory.
	www.alternatehistory.com /discussion/printthread.php?t=3591 (11812 words)

	AFHRA: Numbered USAF Historical Studies: 151-200 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		(U) The German Air Force versus the Allies in the West, The Air War in the West, by Josef Schmid and Walter Grabmann (1954).
		(U) Problems in the Conduct of a Day and Night Defensive Air War, by Josef Kammhuber (1953).
		(U) Fighter-Bomber Operations in Situations of Air Inferiority, by Josef Kammhuber (1956).
	www.au.af.mil /AU/AFHRA/numbered_studies/studies4.asp (775 words)

	Aces of the Luftwaffe - Hans-Ekkehard Bob
		In August 1944, Bob transferred to Erprobungskommando 262 where he received very rudimentary training on the Me 262 jet fighter.
		At the beginning of 1945, he became one of the small team of experienced flying officers assigned to the staff of Generalmajor Josef Kammhuber.
		He worked on the staff directly responsible for allocating newly built Me 262s to operational units before being ordered by Kammhuber to Silesia.
	www.luftwaffe.cz /bobh.html (1013 words)

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