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Jean Baptiste Joseph Fourier

Fourier series

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	Jean Baptiste Joseph Fourier - LoveToKnow 1911
		JEAN BAPTISTE JOSEPH FOURIER (1768-1830), French mathematician, was born at Auxerre on the 21st of March 1768.
		Fourier was one of the savants who accompanied Bonaparte to Egypt in 1798; and during this expedition he was called to discharge important political duties in addition to his scientific ones.
		In 1826 Fourier became a member of the French Academy, and in 1827 succeeded Laplace as president of the council of the Ecole Polytechnique.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Jean_Baptiste_Joseph_Fourier (826 words)

	Joseph Fourier - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Fourier was born at Auxerre in the Yonne département of France, the son of a tailor.
		Joseph Louis Lagrange had shown how the roots of an algebraic equation might be separated by means of another equation whose roots were the squares of the differences of the roots of the original equation.
		Fourier is also credited with the discovery in his essay in 1824 that gases in the atmosphere might increase the surface temperature of the Earth [1].
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Joseph_Fourier (924 words)

	Biography of Jean-Baptiste-Joseph Fourier
		Baron Jean-Baptiste-Joseph Fourier (March 21 1768-May 16, 1830), born in poor circumstances in Auxerre, introduced the idea that an arbitrary function, even one defined by different analytic expressions in adjacent segments of its range (such as a staircase waveform), could nevertheless be represented by a single analytic expression.
		Fourier was appointed as Prefect of Isèe by Napoleon in 1802 after a brief return to his former position as Professor of Analysis at the Ecole Polytechnique in Paris.
		Fourier’s days in provincial government then ended and he moved to Paris to enter a life of science and scientific administration, being elected to the Académie des Sciences in 1817, to the position of permanent secretary in 1823, and to the Académie Française in 1826.
	www.swarthmore.edu /natsci/echeeve1/Ref/Fourier/FourierBio.html (946 words)

	"Fourier," Feature Article, August 2005
		Fourier conceived the view that scientifically rigorous equations must be dimensionally identical—that is, each term in an equation must have the same dimension.
		Fourier was born in Auxerre, France, in 1768.
		He originally expressed his famous law as: "The force of the current in a galvanic circuit is directly as the sum of all the tensions, and inversely as the entire reduced length of the circuit." Reduced length is the equivalent length of a copper wire of a standard diameter.
	www.memagazine.org /contents/current/features/fourier/fourier.html (1068 words)

	Joseph Fourier (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Joseph Fourier was born in 1768 in Auxerre in the département of Yonne; a town steeped in history.
		Fourier was warned and therefore prepared a token defence of the town at one gate and left by the other, heading towards Lyons (ostensibly to warn the Bourbons of the danger).
		Fourier treated the initial distribution of temperatures around the ring as a superposition of many simple sinusoids that varied from peak to trough to peak an integer number of times along the circumference of the ring.
	www.engr.udayton.edu /faculty/jloomis/ece563/notes/fourier/fourier.html (4712 words)

	Joseph Fourier
		Joseph Fourier's father was a tailor in Auxerre.
		Fourier was elected secretary to the Institute, a position he continued to hold during the entire French occupation of Egypt.
		Fourier returned to France in 1801 with the remains of the expeditionary force and resumed his post as Professor of Analysis at the Ecole Polytechnique.
	www.shsu.edu /~icc_cmf/bio/fourier.html (2204 words)

	Fourier biography
		Fourier began teaching at the Collège de France and, having excellent relations with Lagrange, Laplace and Monge, began further mathematical research.
		Fourier returned to France in 1801 with the remains of the expeditionary force and resumed his post as Professor of Analysis at the École Polytechnique.
		Fourier had not made reference to Biot's 1804 paper on this topic but Biot's paper is certainly incorrect.
	www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk /~history/Biographies/Fourier.html (2076 words)

	Jean Baptiste Joseph Fourier
		On the institution of the École Normale at Paris in 1795 he was sent to teach in it, and was afterwards attached to the École Polytechnique, where he occupied the chair of analysis.
		Fourier was one of the savants who accompanied Napoleon Bonaparte to Egypt in 1798; and during this expedition he was called to discharge important political duties in addition to his scientific ones.
		In 1826 Fourier became a member of the French Academy, and in 1827 succeeded Pierre-Simon Laplace as president of the council of the École Polytechnique.
	www.nndb.com /people/558/000087297 (692 words)

	Jean Baptiste Joseph Fourier (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Joseph Fourier showed talent for literature in school, but by the age of 13, mathematics became his real interest.
		Fourier was elected to the Académie des Sciences in 1817, and served as secretary to the mathematical section.
		Fourier resumed his mathematical researches and published a number of papers, some in pure mathematics while some were on applied mathematical topics.
	www.stetson.edu /~efriedma/periodictable/html/Fe.html (643 words)

	Wikinfo \| Jean Baptiste Joseph Fourier (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Jean Baptiste Joseph Fourier (March 21, 1768 - May 16, 1830) was a French mathematician and physicist who is best known for initiating the investigation of Fourier series.
		He was born at Auxerre in the Yonne département of France, the son of a tailor, and was educated by the Benedictines.
		Fourier left an unfinished work on determinate equations which was edited by Claude Navier, and published in 1831; this contains much original matter, in particular there is a demonstration of Fourier's theorem on the position of the roots of an algebraic equation.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=Jean_Baptiste_Joseph_Fourier (587 words)

	Fourier and the theory of heat (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		By 1800, alternatives to the caloric hypothesis appeared and, in 1811, Joseph Fourier (1768-1830) published a mathematical theory of heat conduction that was entirely independent of the caloric hypothesis.
		Fourier's first step was to avoid speculation about "caloric." In this way, Fourier set the study of the theory of heat in the tradition of rational mechanics, basing it on differential equations that characterized the transmission of heat, equations that were independent of all physical hypotheses.
		The heat transmitted between two molecules was proportional to the difference in their temperature and a function of the distance between them, which of course varied with the nature of the intervening substance.
	www.victorianweb.org /science/fourier.html (462 words)

	Jean-Baptiste Joseph Fourier Biography \| scit_05123_package.xml
		Jean-Baptiste Joseph Fourier was a French mathematician, Egyptologist, and administrator with the French government.
		Fourier was born on March 21, 1768, in Auxerre, France, the ninth child of a tailor and his second wife.
		Fourier considered training for the priesthood, but became embroiled in politics in the wake of the French Revolution.
	www.bookrags.com /biography/jean-baptiste-joseph-fourier-scit-05123 (509 words)

	Jean Baptiste Joseph Fourier
		Jean Baptiste Joseph Fourier was born on March 21, 1768, in the town of Auxerre, France.
		Fourier returned to Paris in 1799 with Napoleon, and resumed teaching at the École Polytechnique.
		The doctor's diagnosis showed that Fourier's heart attack was caused by nervous chronic angina complicated by a nervous disease of the pericord and the principal organs of the chest.
	helios.acomp.usf.edu /~jmagulic/biography.html (734 words)

	"Fourier--the Father of Modern Engineering," ME Online Web Exclusive, Aug. 9, 2005
		Fourier sent in papers in 1808 and 1809 to meet criticisms, and eventually a prize problem on heat diffusion was proposed by the Institut de France for January 1812, to which he submitted a considerably revised and extended version of the 1807 paper.
		Fourier's contemporaries accepted his revolutionary view of homogeneity, not because he had demonstrated its scientific rigor, but solely because he was able to solve many practical and theoretical problems that had never been solved.
		Joseph Fourier's many contributions to modern engineering science are so critically important and so pervasive that he is rightly regarded as the father of modern engineering.
	www.memagazine.org /contents/current/webonly/wex80905.html (3446 words)

	No. 186: Jean Baptiste Joseph Fourier
		Fourier did all sorts of negotiation and administration during the Egypt campaign.
		Fourier's intuition led him where his logic couldn't always follow.
		Joseph Fourier Savant et Préfet 1768-1830, Grenoble: Bibliotheques Municipales, 1989.
	www.uh.edu /engines/epi186.htm (494 words)

	Jean Baptiste Joseph Fourier
		Jean Baptiste Joseph Fourier was born at Auxerre on March 21, 1768, and died at Paris on May 16, 1830.
		After the British victories and the capitulation of the French under General Menou in 1801, Fourier returned to France, and was made prefect of Grenoble, and it was while there that he made his experiments on the propagation of heat.
		Fourier left and unfinished work on determinate equations which was edited by Navier, and published in 1831; this contains much original matter, in particular there is a demonstration of Fourier's theorem on the position of the roots of an algebraical equation.
	www.meta-religion.com /Mathematics/Biography/fourier.htm (498 words)

	Joseph Fourier - MSN Encarta
		Jean Baptiste Joseph Fourier was born in Auxerre and educated at the monastery of Saint-Benoît-sur-Loire.
		He taught (1795) at the École Normale, where he had been a student, and at the École Polytechnique in Paris from 1795 to 1798 when he joined the campaign of Napoleon I in Egypt.
		1878), he employed a trigonometric series, usually called the Fourier series, by means of which periodic functions can be expressed as the sum of an infinite series of sines and cosines.
	encarta.msn.com /encnet/refpages/refarticle.aspx?refid=761571324 (166 words)

	Jean-Baptiste-Joseph Fourier (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Jean Joseph Fourier was born on March 21, 1768 in ancient town of Auxurre, France.
		However, just like Joseph Fourier's first wife, Edmie Fourier ended her life at an early age of forty-two on October 26, 1777.
		Fourier began his work of Théorie analytique de la chaleur in 1807 and completed in 1822.
	bio.classes.ucsc.edu /sinnames/fourier.html (413 words)

	Joseph Fourier (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Joseph Fourier was born at Auxerre on March 21, 1768, and died at Paris on May 16, 1830.
		Fourier was a French mathematician, but his plan wasn’t always to be a mathematician.
		Fourier analysis is extremely important in modern mathematics and the ideas are the basis upon which will describe the wave function of complex systems such as molecule and solids.
	sps.k12.mo.us /phs/jpetersen/projects/mathematicians/fourier.htm (361 words)

	Joseph Fourier
		The life of Baron Jean Baptiste Joseph Fourier (1768-1830), the mathematical physicist, has to be seen in the context of the French Revolution and its reverberations.
		The choice was certainly influenced by the political chicanery of Laplace and Monge, supporters of Fourier's cause, and Lagrange, one of his detractors.
		The germ of the idea of Fourier Series is to be found, with hindsight, in the works of Leonard Euler.
	acd.ucar.edu /textbook/ch15/Fourier/Fourier.cite1.html (4768 words)

	Biography of Joseph Fourier
		On March 21, 1768 in Auxerre, France Baron Jean Baptiste Joseph Fourier was born the ninth of twelve children to a tailor Joseph Fourier.
		Fourier made many mathematical as well as literary advances in his time, which have carried us one step further in our knowledge today.
		Interestingly, Fourier discovered and sponsered a young linguist who later came to decode the mystery of the Rosetta Stone - his name, ChampollionFourier's influence even inspired a university to be named in his honor.
	www.andrews.edu /~calkins/math/biograph/biofouri.htm (444 words)

	Biography of Joseph Fourier (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		On March 21, 1768 in Auxerre, France, Joseph Fourier was born, the son of a tailor.
		Born into a prominent family, he was trained for the priesthood; however, Fourier turned to the life of mathematics and the military.
		Fourier's influence even inspired a university to be named in his honor.
	www.andrews.edu /~calkins/math/biograph/199899/biofouri.htm (407 words)

	No. 1878: Jean Baptiste Joseph Fourier
		And Joseph Fourier might well have been the last of those greats.
		That's where Fourier's lifelong obsession had begun -- an obsession with heat, with its healing powers, and with its mathematical treatment.
		But Fourier, having succeeded in altering the very character of both engineering and mathematics, spent his last days swathed, mummy-like in warm clothing, in his overheated Paris apartment.
	www.uh.edu /engines/epi1878.htm (552 words)

	Fourier, Joseph (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		May 16, 1830, was a French mathematician known chiefly for his contribution to the mathematical analysis of heat flow.
		Trained for the priesthood, Fourier did not take his vows but instead turned toward mathematics.
		Fourier (1972); Herivel, John, Joseph Fourier: The Man and the Physicist (1975).
	euler.ciens.ucv.ve /English/mathematics/fourier.html (210 words)

	Joseph Fourier - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Joseph Fourier - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Fourier, Jean Baptiste Joseph, Baron (1768-1830), French mathematician.
		Jean Baptiste Joseph Fourier was born in Auxerre and educated at the...
	encarta.msn.com /Joseph_Fourier.html (44 words)

	Joseph Fourier - Wikipédia
		Joseph Fourier (21 mars 1768 à Auxerre - 16 mai 1830 à Paris) est un mathématicien et physicien français connu pour ses travaux sur la décomposition de fonctions périodiques en séries trigonométriques convergentes appelées séries de Fourier.
		Fourier est de l'expédition de Napoléon en Égypte en 1798, et occupe un haut poste de diplomate dans ce pays conquis.
		Fourier est connu pour sa Théorie analytique de la chaleur, 1822, in-4, ouvrage dans lequel il approfondit, au moyen des mathématiques, toutes les questions relatives à cet important sujet.
	fr.wikipedia.org /wiki/Joseph_Fourier (449 words)

	Jean Baptiste Joseph Fourier (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Jean Baptiste Joseph Fourier (1768-1830) was one of the great mathematicians and physicists of his time.
		He derived many equations and established the Fouriers series, Fourier transform, and Fourier's Law.
		Fourier's Law had a major impact on Chemical Engineering as a field.
	helios.acomp.usf.edu /~jmagulic (125 words)

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