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Topic: Joseph Grinnell

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	MVZ -- History -- Joseph Grinnell
		Joseph Grinnell came to Berkeley from the Throop Polytechnic Institute in southern California, now California Polytechnic, and served as Professor in Zoology and the first Director of the MVZ.
		Grinnell shared Annie Alexander’s desire to establish a systematic research center on the West Coast, and left an academic lineage (html) (pdf) that continues to have a major influence in evolutionary biology.
		Grinnell’s theory of the "ecological niche," published in 1924, has proved to be one of the organizing principles of nature.
	mvz.berkeley.edu /Grinnell.html (306 words)

	Lefalophodon: Joseph Grinnell (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Grinnell coined the term "niche" and argued that species with identical niches could not occupy the same geographic regions (nowadays called competitive exclusion).
		Grinnell's position at the MVZ was funded by Annie Alexander.
		Not to be confused with the conservationist George Bird Grinnell.
	www.nceas.ucsb.edu /~alroy/lefa/Grinnell.html (104 words)

	SignOnSanDiego.com > News > Science/Health -- Conservationist Grinnell accomplished but unheralded
		So by the time Grinnell started his landmark wildlife survey of Yosemite in 1915, the park was thought to be at risk as a wilderness sanctuary.
		Grinnell's disciplined eye for wildlife and his bureaucratic acumen were an unusual combination that led the way toward securing Yosemite's untamed future.
		Grinnell was born in 1877 in Indian Territory 40 miles from Fort Sill (now Oklahoma), where his sawbones father mended the Indians who'd been forcibly marched along the Trail of Tears.
	www.signonsandiego.com /news/science/20031119-9999_1c19grinnell.html (568 words)

	[No title]
		Grinnell was born in New Bedford in 1803, the sixth son of son of a prominent local couple, Cornelius Grinnell and Sylvia Howland.
		Sarah was born in Dartmouth in 1786 and died in New Bedford in 1878.
		Joseph Frank Knowles was one of New Bedford’s leading textile executives called in his obituary "the most successful mill man that New Bedford ever produced".
	www.the-orchard-street-manor.com /history/history.htm (3610 words)

	Joseph Grinnell
		Joseph resided at New Bedford for fifty-six years, and was president of the Marine Bank, the Wamsutta mills company, and the New Bedford and Taunton railroad.
		Grinnell also contributed freely to the Hayes expedition of 1860, and to the "Polaris" expedition of 1871.
		Grinnell was one of the merchant princes of New York, and enjoyed the friendship of Daniel Webster and William H. Seward.
	famousamericans.net /josephgrinnell (666 words)

	Joseph Grinnell
		Joseph resided at New Bedford for fifty-six years, and was president of the Marine Bank, the Wamsutta mills company, and the New Bedford and Taunton railroad.
		Grinnell also contributed freely to the Hayes expedition of 1860, and to the "Polaris" expedition of 1871.
		Grinnell was one of the merchant princes of New York, and enjoyed the friendship of Daniel Webster and William H. Seward.
	www.famousamericans.net /josephgrinnell (665 words)

	Global Warming Stalks Yosemite
		Grinnell, the founding director of the Museum of Vertebrate Zoology at UC Berkeley, was by all accounts a dedicated, methodical researcher.
		Grinnell and his colleagues often wrote down their musings about the natural world, and Patton sometimes dips into their journals during his days in the field.
		And while Grinnell used stacks of "museum specials," a sort of burly mousetrap, to break the backs of tens of thousands of small mammals, Patton and his crew now trap their subjects alive in slim aluminum boxes, often releasing them unhurt.
	www.commondreams.org /views05/1127-31.htm (2233 words)

	SignOnSanDiego.com > News > Science/Health -- Nature by the numbers
		Grinnell's meticulous notes helped him in his drive to convince the federal government that all national park wildlife should be left alone and knowledgeably interpreted for the public through trained ranger/naturalists.
		Grinnell, the founding director of the MVZ, made it his mission to alter the basic definition of national park land to be as close to virgin wilderness as possible, with all the animals and birds intact.
		While Grinnell's team found a subspecies of western fence lizard that was new to science, as well as a new species of salamander, those earlier efforts didn't concentrate much on reptiles.
	www.signonsandiego.com /news/science/20031119-9999_1c19yosemite.html (1940 words)

	08.05.2003 - Museum scientists to repeat 80-year-old Yosemite wildlife survey
		At the time, Grinnell was director of the museum and a zoology professor at UC Berkeley.
		Joseph Grinnell was an eminent biologist of the early 20th century, known for his concept of the ecological niche - the role an organism plays in the broader ecology of an area - and for his insistence on systematic and careful surveys of wildlife.
		Among Grinnell's legacies was the first field survey of Yosemite National Park conducted at a time when the park's unique and fragile habitat was feeling the pressure of increasing tourism.
	www.berkeley.edu /news/media/releases/2003/08/05_survey.shtml (1620 words)

	NEW BEDFORD - LoveToKnow Article on NEW BEDFORD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		As early as the middle of the 18th century, vessels sailed on whaling voyages from the mouth of the Acushnet river, but it was not until 1765, when Joseph Rotch, a Nantucket merchant, bought a tract of land on the W. side of the river and constructed wharves and,warehouses, that the industry became established here.
		The first cotton mill, a five-storey stone structure, was built by Joseph Grinnell (1789-1885) and his associates in 1847, and began operations in the following year with 15,000 spindles and 200 looms.
		The town was first called Bedford after Joseph Russell, one of the founders, whose family name was the same as that of the dukes of Bedford; and it was later called New Bedford to distinguish it from Bedford in Middlesex county.
	87.1911encyclopedia.org /N/NE/NEW_BEDFORD.htm (3815 words)

	Article
		This method was developed in the early 20th Century by Joseph Grinnell, one of the period's most important naturalists.
		Grinnell's own journal began on 1 January 1894, and ended on 25 May 1939, five days before his death.
		If you are working with others, the Grinnell system makes it much easier for your notes to convey information to other people even if they are not familiar with the system.
	www.sas.org /tcs/weeklyIssues/2004-04-16/features1 (3058 words)

	The Hamden Journal
		Grinnell and the readers of this paper may not be aware of.
		Grinnell starts his article stating that there is a debate whether to open the Dog Park or not.
		Grinnell stated, "Money is need to clear the land, provide fill, and install the fence and make related improvements." The land will not be cleared.
	www.zwire.com /site/news.cfm?newsid=2663572&BRD=1345&PAG=461&dept_id=432723&rfi=6 (1216 words)

	UC Berkeley museum biologists to repeat 85-year-old Yosemite National Park wildlife survey
		Joseph Grinnell was an eminent biologist of the early 20th century, known for his concept of the ecological niche - the role an organism plays in the broader ecology of an area - and for his insistence on systematic and careful surveys of wildlife.
		Among Grinnell's legacies was the first field survey of Yosemite National Park conducted at a time when the park's unique and fragile habitat was feeling the pressure of increasing tourism.
		"Grinnell established a baseline in the teens, and hopefully we can convince the park that this sort of monitoring needs to be done on a more regular basis," Chow said.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2003-08/uoc--ubm080503.php (1591 words)

	Yosemite — The Embattled Wilderness (Chapter 11)
		To be sure, the volume bore the unmistakable imprint of Joseph Grinnell, especially in its underlying conviction that wildlife should be a predominant value of national parks.
		Joseph Grinnell quietly investigated the incident, writing Charles W. Michael, his contact in Yosemite, for "the inside" of the story featured in the press.
		Grinnell and Tracy Storer had originally argued the point as follows: "Herein lies the feature of supreme value in national parks: they furnish samples of the earth as it was before the advent of the white man." The ideal was next promulgated in George M. Wright's collaborative study, Fauna of the National Parks.
	www.cr.nps.gov /history/online_books/runte2/chap11.htm (6770 words)

	Wamsutta of New Bedford, 1846-1946, Chapter 1
		Joseph Grinnell, Member of Congress, known more familiarly as the Honorable Joe, was approached by a young man named Tom Bennett, who knew the cotton business.
		Joseph Grinnell was an older man than Abe Howland, and if he was not the first citizen of New Bedford he was about to become 80.
		Joseph Grinnell was now that unique figure in any age, the man who has enough money for himself and is ready to think of doing solid things in the world.
	www.delanoye.org /Wamsutta/Wamsutta1.html (2069 words)

	New Bedford Area Visitor Guide - Grinnell Mansion
		It was built between 1831 and 1832 for Joseph Grinnell, a whaling merchant, manufacturer, and packet trader.
		Joseph also served four terms as a representative in the U.S. Congress.
		Joseph's father Cornelius Grinnell, was a sea captain and privateer during the Revolutionary War.
	www.rixsan.com /nbvisit/attract/grinnell.htm (205 words)

	Chrono-Biographical Sketch: Joseph Grinnell
		Joseph Grinnell was one of the most celebrated figures in American natural history during the forty years preceding the Second World War.
		Grinnell is also known for his introduction of the term "niche" in a 1917 paper.
		Grinnell's most important contribution in this area, however, lay in his study of barriers (such as canyons and rivers) and their effect on the speciation process.
	www.wku.edu /~smithch/chronob/GRIN1877.htm (405 words)

	High Country News -- October 17, 2005: The Ghosts of Yosemite
		Grinnell, the founding director of the Museum of Vertebrate Zoology at the University of California at Berkeley, was by all accounts a dedicated, methodical researcher.
		Grinnell was interested in far more than simply cataloguing types and numbers of critters, what some modern biologists dismiss as "stamp collecting." His exacting protocols required collectors to not just record each find, but also to take detailed notes on the surroundings and the weather.
		"Grinnell was one of those classic early ecologists that snobby scientists, towards the end of the 20th century, would dismiss as ’descriptive,’ " says Raphael Sagarin, a researcher at the University of California at Los Angeles who uses historical datasets to study the effects of climate change.
	www.hcn.org /servlets/hcn.Article?article_id=15837 (4834 words)

	California Magazine
		To witness the nanocalligraphy of Grinnell and his colleagues, inscribed on museum labels and on crania, is to revise upward one’s estimate of how many angels can dance on the head of a pin.
		Joseph Grinnell wrote essays on natural history, he wrote tall stacks of field notebooks, he wrote monographs, he wrote great tomes cataloguing the creatures recorded on his surveys, yet here, displayed on the pate of the shrew, was his essential oeuvre, a vast literature writ tiny on small skulls.
		Grinnell was already seeing changes in California’s fauna a hundred years ago, and he set out to document what the record was in his day.”
	www.alumni.berkeley.edu /calmag/200605/yosemite2.asp (880 words)

	Descendants - pafg175.htm - Generated by Personal Ancestral File
		Joseph Spencer (Lydia Grinnell, Paybody Grinnell, Lydia Pabodie, Elizabeth Alden, John) was born on 12 Aug 1744 in Westbrook, Middlesex Co., CT. He died on 15 Nov 1793 in Westbrook, Middlesex Co., CT.
		Joseph married (1) Elizabeth Clark on 2 Nov 1769 in Westbrook, Middlesex Co., CT. Elizabeth was born on 9 Apr 1748 in Saybrook, Middlesex Co., CT. She died in Westbrook, Middlesex Co., CT.
		Joseph married (2) Lucy Post on 5 Jul 1780 in Westbrook, Middlesex Co., CT. Lucy was born on 4 Jun 1746 in Saybrook, Middlesex Co., CT. She died on 11 Jan 1834.
	www.alden.org /aldengen/pafg175.htm (1247 words)

	Documenting Ecological Change in Time and Space: The San Joaquin Valley of California.
		When Joseph Grinnell passed away prematurely in 1939, his legacy was measured by more than the prodigious numbers of study skins, journal pages, and publications he produced during his 21-year tenure as director; his commitment to conservation had become woven into the fabric of the MVZ.
		Joseph Grinnell, Harry Swarth and other MVZ biologists spent much of March, April, and May, 1911, collecting at various localities throughout the San Joaquin Valley and the Carrizo Plain.
		Joseph Grinnell was a visionary scientist and conservationist.
	www.esrp.org /publications/pubhtml.php?doc=mvz2003&file=mvzmss.html (4607 words)

	Ecological niche Summary
		To Grinnell, niche was a spatial unit that stood for the "concept of the ultimate distributional unit, within which each species is held by its structural and instinctive limitations." His conception of niche was "preinteractive"—that is, it referred to the entire area within which an organism could survive in the absence of other organisms.
		To Grinnell, niche was a spatial unit that stood for the "concept of the ultimate distributional unit, within which each species is held by its structural and instinctive limitations." His conception of niche was "pre-interactive," that is, it referred to the entire area within which an organism could survive in the absence of other organisms.
		The term 'Niche' was coined by the naturalist Joseph Grinnell in 1917, in his paper "The niche relationships of the California Thrasher." However, it wasn't till 1927 that Charles Elton, a British ecologist, gave the first working definition of the niche concept.
	www.bookrags.com /Ecological_niche (1891 words)

	CDO/Alumni Profiles/Management Consultant
		A Grinnell alumnus was a founding partner of Ernst & Young SAS and he came to Grinnell in my senior year and did a presentation of the practice.
		Joseph decided to return to school, to pursue a Master's in Business Administration because "to progress further in management consulting an MBA is essential.
		Joseph is finishing his first year as an MBA student at Wharton, the business school of the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia.
	www.grinnell.edu /offices/cdo/alumofweek/managconsult/jnl (1159 words)

	Writing Writing Writing: The Natural History Field Journal as a Literary Text (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Grinnell, the museum’s first director (beginning in 1908), worked on geographic distribution and speciation; he was one of the originators of the concept of the “ecologic niche.” Interested in change over time, he articulated a vision of the museum as a memory tool.
		Grinnell not only scientized previously freer forms of notetaking, but routinized them and taught the method to the museum’s cadre of field workers.
		Grinnell’s discipline of daily notetaking was also a discipline of consciously polished composition that evoked analogies to contemporary nature writing.
	ls.berkeley.edu /departments/townsend/highlight12.shtml (1477 words)

	ScienceMatters @ Berkeley. Yosemite Then and Now
		In 1910, Grinnell said "the value of the museum will not be realized until the lapse of many years, possibly a century." Only after such a long time passed could researchers benefit from hindsight, comparing today's fauna to the snapshot Grinnell and his colleagues took of California's wildlife during a landmark survey launched in 1904.
		The Grinnell Resurvey Project, launched in 2003 by museum director Craig Moritz, is in the process of revisiting more than 200 locations that Grinnell and his team surveyed.
		As the director of field research for the Grinnell Resurvey he spends several weeks every few months in the Sierra Nevadas where his team observes animals of all kinds, traps and releases a variety of critters, shoots photographs, and, of course, takes copious notes.
	sciencematters.berkeley.edu /archives/volume2/issue10/story3.php (885 words)

	University of California History Digital Archives
		Joseph LeConte inaugurated instruction in biology at the University of California the year it opened its doors.
		The Museum of Vertebrate Zoology was founded in 1908 by Joseph Grinnell, its first director, and by Miss Annie M. Alexander, its benefactor.
		Another unit within the department is the Cancer Research Genetics Laboratory founded in 1950 by its director, Kenneth B. DeOme, who, with the assistance of Howard A. Bern and Satyabrata Nandi from zoology and others, developed a program in tumor biology.
	sunsite.berkeley.edu /uchistory/general_history/campuses/ucb/departments_z_print.html (382 words)

	Marble Cemetery of New York - April 7, 2002 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Grinnell was president of the First National Bank and one of the leading merchants in New Bedford.
		So it was only natural that Grinnell should be one of the first people Bennett consulted with his plan for starting a cotton textile mill.
		After careful deliberation Grinnell replied that he would sponsor a cotton mill but only on the condition that it was built in New Bedford where he could keep an eye on its progress.
	www.hray.com /aa/marble.htm (612 words)

	Birding Books & Merchandise
		Biology of the Eared Grebe and Wilson's Phalarope in the Non-Breeding Season: A study of adaptations to saline lakes - Joseph R. Jehl Jr.
		The Distribution of the Birds of California - Grinnell and Miller
		Published in 1944 by the Cooper Ornithological Society, Grinnell and Miller's The Distribution of the Birds of California remains the definitive benchmark on California's avifauna.
	www.monolake.org /bookstore/birding.htm (809 words)

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