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	Joseph de Maistre - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		De Maistre argued for the restoration of hereditary monarchy, which he regarded as a divinely sanctioned institution, and for the supreme authority of the Pope in both religious and political matters.
		De Maistre considered the Revolution of 1789 as a Providential occurrence: the monarchy, the aristocracy, and the whole of the old French society, instead of using the powerful influence of French civilization to benefit mankind, had instead promoted the destructive atheistic doctrines of the eighteenth-century philosophers.
		The shedding of blood, the expiation of the sins of the guilty by the innocent is for de Maistre a law as mysterious as it is indubitable, the principle that propels humanity in its return to God and the explanation for the existence and the perpetuity of war.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Joseph_de_Maistre (1140 words)

	JOSEPH DE MAISTRE - LoveToKnow Article on JOSEPH DE MAISTRE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		MAISTRE, JOSEPH DE (1754-1821), French diplomatist and polemical writer, was born at Chambry on the 1st of April 1754.
		Joseph de Maistre was one of the most powerful, and by far the ablest, of the leaders of the neo-Catholic and anti-revolutionary movement.
		Unlike his contemporary Bonald, Joseph de Maistre regarded the temporal monarchy as an institution of altogether inferior importance to the spiritual primacy of the pope.
	100.1911encyclopedia.org /M/MA/MAISTRE_JOSEPH_DE.htm (950 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Comte de Maistre
		Joseph, the eldest of ten children, was a pupil of the Jesuits, who, like his parents, inspired him with an intense love of religion and detestation of the eighteenth-century philosophical rationalism, which he always resolutely opposed.
		One of these, "L'examen de la Philosophie de Bacon", (Paris, 1836; 2 vols in 8vo), is an attack on Locke and Condillac, and in general on the French philosophers of the eighteenth century, in the person whom the author considers as the father of their system.
		For Joseph de Maistre, the existence of evil, far from obscuring the designs of God, throws a new light on them; for the moral world and the physical world are inter-related.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/09554a.htm (1303 words)

	Chronicles of Love & Resentment CCLXX
		De Maistre expresses in a religious vocabulary a Hobbesian understanding of human desire; what makes him an anthropologist as well a political philosopher is his focus on the sacred generative center of primitive and indeed all human society, ignored by the Enlightenment, to which we characteristically relate through sacrifice.
		De Maistre is not unaware of the violent potential of mimetic desire, but he prefers to rely on the Biblical tradition of the Fall and the Christian doctrine of original sin, for which our rivalry with God is historically as well as ontologically prior to rivalry among ourselves.
		Yet although de Maistre would have thought it an abomination to view with Durkheim the sacred as a projection of the social, his focus on blood sacrifice as apotropaic violence provides a better-articulated model of the functioning of the sacred in human society than Durkheim’s vague notion of ritual as reinforcing collective solidarity.
	www.anthropoetics.ucla.edu /views/vw270.htm (1745 words)

	Joseph de Maistre's Life, Thought and Influence:Selected Studies (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Joseph de Maistre (1753-1821) has come to be known for his throne-and-altar reactionary criticism of the modern period, which he expressed with a cynicism and irony of which the paragraph above, for example, is but a faint imitation.
		One section is devoted to aspects of Maistre's life, another to topics in his thought (language, Catholicism, even economics), a third to comparisons (with Burke, Louis de Bonald, and the Nazi Carl Schmitt), and a final one to his reception in various domains.
		He is the translator of four of Maistre's major works, and the author of a critical study and a biography of him, in addition to midwifing and contributing to this fine volume.
	www.utpjournals.com /product/utq/721/721_review_lennon.html (488 words)

	XAVIER DE MAISTRE - LoveToKnow Article on XAVIER DE MAISTRE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		MAISTRE, XAVIER DE (1763-1852), younger brother of Joseph de Maistre, was born at Chambry in October 1763.
		He served when young in the Piedmontese army, and wrote his delightful fantasy, Voyage autour de ma chambre (published 1794) when he was under arrest at Turin in consequence of a duel.
		Xavier shared the politics and the loyalty of his brother, and on the annexation of Savoy to France, he left the service, and took a commission in.
	1.1911encyclopedia.org /M/MA/MAISTRE_XAVIER_DE.htm (273 words)

	Untitled Document
		De Maistre seeks to return to the status quo ante [Latin; literally, "the state which was before"].
		De Maistre, however, recoils from Stage 4 1/2 back to Stage 4, which is why he is termed a reactionary theorist.
		Religion is an obvious example; de Maistre seems to ignore the possibility (and legitimacy) of religious dissent.
	www.d.umn.edu /~schilton/1610/Readings/1610.B+DReader.deMaistre.html (887 words)

	Joseph de Maistre -- Encyclopædia Britannica (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Maistre studied with the Jesuits and became a member of the Savoy Senate in 1787, following the civil career of his father, a former Senate president.
		Whereas Burkean conservatism was evolutionary, the conservatism of Maistre was counterrevolutionary.
		His ‘Théorie analytique de la chaleur' (The Analytical Theory of Heat, published in 1822) showed how the conduction, or movement, of heat in solid bodies could be analyzed in terms of an infinite...
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9050194?tocId=9050194 (829 words)

	An Examination of the Philosophy of Bacon: Wherein Different Questions of Rational Philosophy are Treated by Thomas M. ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Maistre had a vision of human depravity that he displayed with an ineluctable logic and clarity of thought that exercised a fascination over Berlin, even to the point that its connection with fascism goes virtually unaddressed by him.
		Joseph de Maistre (1753-1821) was born in Savoy, whence he fled before the armies of the Revolution, winding up eventually as Sardinian ambassador to the court at St Petersburg.
		Although reading Maistre inclines one to the former approach (`rarely does [Bacon] resist the yearning to be a poet´), Maistre's aim is to show how Bacon leads in the other direction to the atheistic materialism of the eighteenth century.
	www.utpjournals.com /product/utq/691/bacon68.html (647 words)

	Maistre, Xavier de on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		MAISTRE, XAVIER DE [Maistre, Xavier de], 1763-1852, French writer, b.
		Voyage autour de ma chambre [trip around my room] (1794), written when he was in prison for dueling, is a simple peregrination from object to object allowing each to call up recollections.
		Le Lépreux de la cité d'Aoste [the leper of Aosta] (1811) is a dialogue between a soldier and a leper, notable for its portrayal of Christian resignation.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/M/MaistreX1.asp (280 words)

	H-Net Review: William R. Everdell on Joseph de Maistre's Life, Thought and Influence: Selected Studies (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Count Joseph de Maistre (1753-1821) the most powerful writer of all the founders of European throne-and-altar reactionary conservatism, has today a very different reputation from that of other founding writers of the tradition, like Gentz, Gorres, Krudener, Chateaubriand and Bonald; their distant predecessors like Hamann and Herder; and especially his older contemporary Edmund Burke (1729-1797).
		It was the Revolution that drove de Maistre out of Savoy through Switzerland to Russia, and turned him into a brilliantly coruscating master of the French polemic, the erudite and tireless enemy of "natural religion," (deism), democracy, written constitutions, humanitarianism, the idea of progress, equality, elections and empirical epistemology for the rest of his life.
		Maistre still has bracing and challenging things to say about unresolved philosophical issues from the logical validity of inductive inference to the uniqueness of historical events and the meaning of life, death and sacrifice.
	www.h-net.org /reviews/showrev.cgi?path=59831024077317 (948 words)

	Madame Swetchine - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Under the influence of Joseph de Maistre became a member of the Roman Catholic Church in 1815.
		In the following year she settled in Paris where, until her death, she maintained a famous salon remarkable no less for its high courtesy and intellectual brilliance than for its religious atmosphere.
		Her Life and Works (of which the best known are "Old Age" and "Resignation") were published by M. de Falloux (2 vols, 1860) and her Letters by the same editor (2 vols., 1861).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Madame_Swetchine (188 words)

	Joseph de Maistre -- Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - The online encyclopedia you can trust! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Maistre was convinced of the need for the supremacy of Christianity and the absolute rule of both sovereign and pope.
		He also insisted on the necessity of the public executioner as a negative guardian of social order, writing in The St. Petersburg Dialogues that “all power, all subordination rests on the executioner: he is the horror and the bond of human association.
		In both works Maistre defended absolutism with rigorous logic, and it was as a logical thinker, pursuing consequences from an accepted premise, that Maistre excelled.
	www.britannica.com /ebc/article-9050194 (1127 words)

	Amazon.com: Maistre: Considerations on France (Cambridge Texts in the History of Political Thought): Books: Joseph de ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Joseph de Maistre's Considerations on France (1797) is the best known French equivalent of Burke's Reflections on the Revolution in France.
		Joseph de Maistre is one of the harshest counter-revolutionary critics of the French Revolution.
		De Maistre was both a Freemason and a Roman Catholic, an arch-conservative traditionalist, and a strong believer in the primacy of papal authority in the secular and spiritual realms.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0521466288?v=glance (1063 words)

	MAISTRE, JOSEPH DE (175... - Online Information article about MAISTRE, JOSEPH DE (175...
		Emmanuel summoned Joseph de Maistre to Turin, and he remained there for the brief space during which the king retained a remnant of territory on the mainland.
		Joseph de Maistre was one of the most powerful, and by far the ablest, of the leaders of the neo-Catholic and See also:
		The peculiarity of Joseph de Maistre is that he supports his conclusions, or if it be preferred his paradoxes, by the hardest and heaviest See also:
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /LUP_MAL/MAISTRE_JOSEPH_DE_1754_1821_.html (1442 words)

	AllRefer.com - Joseph de Maistre (French Literature, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		Joseph de Maistre[zhOzef ´ du mes´tru] Pronunciation Key, 1753–1821, French writer and diplomat.
		These qualities, combined with a fine ability in writing French prose, made him perhaps the most powerful literary enemy of 18th-century rationalism, in which he delighted to detect logical weakness and shallowness.
		They develop his idea that the world should be one, ruled absolutely by the pope as the spiritual ruler, with no temporal ruler having an independent authority.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/M/MaistreJ.html (255 words)

	Joseph de Maistre Biography / Biography of Joseph de Maistre Main Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The French political philosopher Joseph de Maistre (1753-1821) is considered perhaps the leading contemporary philosophical opponent of the Enlightenment on the European continent.
		Joseph de Maistre was born on April 1, 1753, at Chambéry in Savoy, which is now part of France but was then part of the kingdom of Sardinia.
		When the relatively progressive Savoy was invaded by Napoleon's troops, Maistre left his property and family and took refuge in Switzerland and Italy.
	www.bookrags.com /biography-joseph-de-maistre (240 words)

	Joseph de Maistre Biography / Biography of Joseph de Maistre World of Sociology Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		family · joseph · russia · italy · nonetheless · reason · in russia · jesuits ·; napoleon ·; the enlightenment ·; napoleon bonaparte · savoy ·; sardinia · czar alexander · russian court · revolutionary army · chambery
		One of the chief opponents of the Enlightenment (from the French "siecle de lumières, " or Age of the Enlightened) was Joseph de Maistre, French political philosopher and diplomat.
		Maistre was born at Chambery, Savoy, then in the French-speaking area of Sardinia, Italy, but now part of France, on April 1, 1753.
	www.bookrags.com /biography-joseph-de-maistre-soc (258 words)

	Brad DeLong's Semi-Daily Journal: Soirees de St. Petersburg
		Maistre argued for the restoration of hereditary monarchy, which he regarded as a divinely sanctioned institution, and for the supreme authority of the Pope in both religious and political matters.
		According to Maistre, only governments founded on the Christian constitution, implicit in the customs and institutions of all European societies but especially in that of Catholic European monarchies, could avoid the disorder and bloodletting that followed the implementation of rationalist political programs, such as that of the then-recent French Revolution.
		Isaiah Berlin's essay "Joseph de Maistre and the Origins of Fascism" convincingly argues a far darker thesis: that de Maistre's violent reaction to the Enlightenment, his thoroughgoing antirationalism, and his vision of absolute power, punishment, and bloodshed as the only true rulers on earth, anticipated totalitarianism a hundred years before anyone else.
	delong.typepad.com /sdj/2006/01/soirees_de_st_p.html (3217 words)

	Maistre, Joseph de on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		MAISTRE, JOSEPH DE [Maistre, Joseph de], 1753-1821, French writer and diplomat.
		His principal works were Du pape [on the pope] (1819) and Les Soirées de Saint-Pétersbourg [discussions in St. Petersburg] (1821).
		Maistre and Hobbes on providential history and the English Civil War.(Joseph de Maistre)(Thomas Hobbes)
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/M/MaistreJ1.asp (284 words)

	The New York Review of Books: Joseph de Maistre and the Origins of Fascism
		Joseph de Maistre and the Origins of Fascism
		The personality and the outlook of Joseph de Maistre are not normally considered to be puzzling or elusive by historians of political or religious thought.
		In an age when the confluence of apparently incompatible ideas and attitudes, deriving from heterogeneous historical traditions, generated a number of protean personalities, too complex and contradictory to be fitted into the familiar categories, Maistre is regarded as being exceptionally simple, solid, and clear.
	www.nybooks.com /articles/article-preview?article_id=3510 (288 words)

	Political Constitutions, by Orestes A. Brownson
		He was born at Chamberri in Savoy, 1753, was a senator of Piedmont at the time of the French invasion in 1792, and resided at St. Petersburg, as the ambassador of the king of Sardinia, from 1804 to 1817, in which last year he returned to Turin, where he died in 1821.
		Having established, as Count de Maistre has done, that all the principles of our religion have the consensus hominum, we have established that they are approved by reason.
		While acknowledging, the danger to which Count de Maistre's method of reasoning for religion against an unbelieving and scoffing age is exposed, when not duly guarded, we have wished, in passing, to show that it is substantially sound, and may be used with great propriety and effect.
	terrenceberres.com /bro-pol.html (6890 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Xavier de Maistre
		He entered the Admiralty Office and became in 1805, librarian of the Admiralty Museum; he was then named to the staff of the army, took part in the Caucasian War, was made a general, and married a lady-in-waiting of the Empress.
		It is the fact round which Madame Cottin has woven her romance "Elisabeth, ou les exilés de la Sibérie", but the story of Xavier de Maistre is by far the truer to life and more pathetic.
		Xavier de Maistre, it is true, has written only booklets, but these booklets are masterpieces of their kind.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/09555a.htm (548 words)

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