
	Where results make sense

Topic: Jules Cardinal Mazarin

Related Topics

Cardinal Richelieu

Philip II of Spain

Leonardo da Vinci

Hawaii

Anaconda

In the News (Mon 7 Dec 09)

Northern Trust

Marvin Harrison

Peter Chernin

Gary Locke

Match Play

Penelope Cruz

Mickey Rourke

AR Rahman

Danny Boyle

Hugh Jackman

	Jules Cardinal Mazarin - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		As papal vice-legate at Avignon (1632), and nuncio extraordinary in France (1634), Mazarin was perceived as an extension of Richelieu's policy, and under Habsburg pressure, Mazarin was dismissed by Urban VIII, January 17, 1636.
		Towards Protestantism at home, Mazarin pursued a policy of promises and calculated delay to defuse the armed insurrection of the Ardèche (1653) for example, and keep the Huguenots disarmed: for six years they believed themselves to be on the eve of recovering the protections of the Edict of Nantes: in the end they obtained nothing.
		Mazarin protected the Barberini cardinals, nephews of the late pope, and the Bull against them was voted by the Parliament of Paris "null and abusive"; France made a show of preparing to take Avignon by force, and Innocent backed down.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Jules_Mazarin (664 words)

	Jules Mazarin - Wikipedia
		Jules Mazarin (° Pescina, in de Abruzzen, 14 juli 1602 – Vincennes 9 maart 1661) was een Frans staatsman van Italiaanse afkomst.
		Mazarin studeerde rechten en begaf zich in 1622 in krijgsdienst in het pauselijke leger.
		Intussen onderwees Mazarin de jonge koning Lodewijk XIV in de politiek: hij leerde hem van wantrouwen vervuld te zijn tegenover iedere onderdaan, en álles op te offeren aan het staatsbelang, zelfs zijn eer.
	nl.wikipedia.org /wiki/Kardinaal_Mazarin (507 words)

	Jules Mazarin
		Mazarin knew how to keep the Calvinists amused with fine words, promises, and calculated delays: for six years they believed themselves to be on the eve of recovering their privileges, and in the end they obtained nothing.
		Mazarin obtained a decree of the Royal Council forbidding money to be remitted to Rome for expediting Bulls, there was a show of preparing an expedition against Avignon, and Innocent X, yielding to these menaces, ended by restoring their property and dignities to Mazarin's protégés, the Barberini.
		Mazarin's nieces made princely marriages: Anne Marie Martinozzi became the Princesse de Conti; Laura Martinozzi, the Duchesse de Modène; Laure Mancini died in 1657, Duchesse de Mercoeur; Olympe Mancini became Comtesse de Soissons; Hortense Mancini, Marquise de la Meilleraie and Duchesse de Mazarin; Marie Mancini, Countess Colonna; Marie Anne Mancini, Duchesse de Bouillon.
	www.catholicity.com /encyclopedia/m/mazarin,jules.html (1389 words)

	Jules Mazarin - Wikipédia
		Jules Mazarin (en italien : Giulio Mazarini), (1602-1661), mieux connu sous le nom de Cardinal Mazarin fut un habile diplomate et homme politique, d'abord au service de la Papauté, puis des rois de France.
		Le 5 décembre 1642, Mazarin fut nommé Principal Ministre de l'État, comme l'avait recommandé Richelieu en mourant, qui voyait en lui son digne successeur.
		Mazarin fut obligé de s'exiler à deux reprises (1651 et 1652), tout en continuant de gouverner par l'intermédiaire d'Anne d'Autriche et de fidèles collaborateurs comme Hugues de Lionne (1611-1671) et Michel Le Tellier (1603-1685).
	fr.wikipedia.org /wiki/Jules_Mazarin (2193 words)

	Cardinal Richelieu: bio and encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Cardinal Richelieu, alarmed by the Emperor Frederick II (Frederick II: The Holy Roman Emperor who led the Sixth Crusade and crowned himself king of Jerusalem (1194-1250)) 's influence, incited Sweden (Sweden: A Scandinavian kingdom in the eastern part of the Scandinavian Peninsula) to attack.
		Cardinal Richelieu crushed the revolts violently, and dealt with the rebels harshly.
		Cardinal Richelieu was a famous patron of the arts (arts: Studies intended to provide general knowledge and intellectual skills (rather than occupational or professional skills)).
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /reference/cardinal_richelieu (4039 words)

	Cardinal Mazarin - Encyclopedia.WorldSearch (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Jules Cardinal Mazarin, born Giulio Raimondo Mazzarino (July 14 1602 – March 9 1661) served as the chief minister of France from 1642, until his death.
		His modest manner contrasted with the imperious Richelieu, and Anne was so fond of him and so intimate in her manner with him, that long-standing rumors hinted that they had been secretly married and that the Dauphin was their son.
		Queen and Cardinal: A Memoir of Anne of Austria and of Her Relations with Cardinal Mazarin
	encyclopedia.worldsearch.com /mazarin.htm (684 words)

	Encyclopedia: Cardinal Richelieu (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Armand Jean Du Plessis, Cardinal et Duc de Richelieu (9 September 1585–4 December 1642) was a French clergyman, noble, and statesman.
		Jules Cardinal Mazarin, French diplomat and statesman Jules Cardinal Mazarin, born Giulio Raimondo Mazzarino (July 14, 1602, Pescina, Italy – March 9, 1661, Vincennes, France) served as the chief minister of France from 1642, until his death.
		Cardinal Richelieu was a principal of the Sorbonne and presided over the construction of its famous chapel in 1635, one of the first Classical buildings in Paris, where he is buried.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Cardinal-Richelieu (1406 words)

	Illustrious People
		Mazarin took advantage of the weakened imperial power of the Habsburgs to organize a defensive alliance between France and the German states closest to the French frontier (the League of the Rhine, August 1658).
		Mazarin was obliged to leave the court twice and was only able to maintain his post because he was in favour with Anne of Austria and the boy king Louis XIV, whose education he had carefully directed.
		Mazarin was not an ordained priest (in 1632 he had received only minor orders), though he thought of entering the priesthood on several occasions, especially in 1651 and even in 1660 shortly before his death.
	www.wga.hu /database/glossary/illustr2/mazarin.html (1690 words)

	cardinal mazarin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Jules Mazarin, born Giulio Raimondo Mazzarino; but best known as Cardinal Mazarin (July 14 1602 – March 9 1661) served as the chief minister of France; from 1642, until his death.
		As Louis XIII died in 1643, and Louis XIV was only a child — Mazarin functioned essentially as the ruler of France.
		Partly, the criticism of Mazarin centred on his nationality — Mazarin was Italian by birth.
	www.yourencyclopedia.net /cardinal_mazarin.html (239 words)

	Jules Cardinal Mazarin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Mazarin was more consistently an enemy of Jansenism, more for its political implications than out of theology, and on his deathbed warned young Louis "not to tolerate the Jansenist sect, not even their name." Controversy over the Cardinal's policies, and the weakness of the regency, resulted in two civil wars, known as la Fronde (1648-52).
		Cardinal Mazarin's wealth (he collected benefices and amassed a huge fortune and a greater collection of art than the king's) and his nieces' beauty, made for notable Family connections, marital and extramarital: 820px His niece Olympe Mancini, Countess of Soissons, was the mother of the famous Prince Eugene of Savoy.
		Mazarin, Jules Mazarin, Jules Mazarin, Jules Mazarin, Jules bg:&1050;&1072;&1088;&1076;&1080;&1085;&1072;&1083; &1052;&1072;&1079;&1072;&1088;&1080;&1085;&1080; de:Jules Mazarin es:Cardenal Mazarino fr:Jules Mazarin it:Cardinale Mazarino ja:&12472;&12517;&12540;&12523;&12539;&12510;&12470;&12521;&12531; nl:Jules Mazarin pl:Jules Mazarin sl:Giulio Raimondo Mazzarino sv:Jules Mazarin
	jules-cardinal-mazarin.area51.ipupdater.com (654 words)

	Cardinal Mazarin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Jules Mazarin born Giulio Raimondo Mazzarino ; but best known as Cardinal Mazarin (July 14 1602 – March 9 1661) served as the chief minister of France ; from 1642 until his death.
		As Louis XIII died in 1643 and Louis XIV was only a child — Mazarin functioned essentially as the of France.
		Although the 5-year-old Louis XIV became king in 1643 (under the regency of queen mother Anne of Austria) Mazarin acted as the ruler of until his death in 1661.
	www.freeglossary.com /Cardinal_Mazarin (241 words)

	Mazarin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Tellier, Michel Le Commissioned by Cardinal Mazarin to organize the royal army.
		Mazarin Sinkhole Includes Bios, mailing list, lyrics, show schedule.
		Mazarin Gallery French gallery presents, with a monthly exhibition, contemporary painters in Toulon.
	www.serebella.com /encyclopedia/article-Mazarin.html (125 words)

	Additional Reading (from Jules, Cardinal Mazarin) -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Mazarin's correspondence while minister was published by Adolphe Chéruel, Lettres du Cardinal Mazarin pendant son ministère, 9 vol.
		Cardinals serve as chief officials of the Roman Curia (the papal bureaucracy), as bishops of major dioceses, and often as papal envoys.
		The cardinal, or redbird, is a North American songbird found mostly east of the Rocky Mountains and belonging to the family Fringillidae.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-4737 (1024 words)

	History Bookshop.com: Mazarin, Jules
		French cardinal and statesman, son of Pietro Mazarini, was born at Piscina in the Abruzzi.
		Mazarin was twice compelled to leave France, but at length, as much by cunning as by force, he secured victory in the struggle.
		In 1659 Mazarin concluded the Peace of the Pyrenees, which put an end to the wars between France and Spain, and cemented it by a marriage between Louis XIV and the Infanta.
	www.historybookshop.com /articles/people/politicians-courtiers/mazarin-jules.asp (404 words)

	Jules Mazarin
		French cardinal and statesman, elder son of a Sicilian, Pietro Mazarini, the intendant of the household of Philip Colonna, and of his wife Ortensia Buffalini, a connexion of the Colonnas, was born at Piscina in the Abruzzi on the 14th of July 1602.
		In 1640 Richelieu sent him to Savoy, where the regency of Christine, the Duchess of Savoy, and sister of Louis XIII, was disputed by her brothers-in-law, the princes Maurice and Thomas of Savoy, and he succeeded not only in firmly establishing Christine but in winning over the princes to France.
		On the 4th of December 1642 Cardinal Richelieu died, and on the very next day the king sent a circular letter to all officials ordering them to send in their reports to Cardinal Mazarin, as they had formerly done to Cardinal Richelieu.
	www.nndb.com /people/886/000094604 (1543 words)

	Imago Mundi - Jules Mazarin.
		Mazarin (Jules), célèbre homme d'État français, né à Pescina (Abruzzes) le 14 juillet 1602, mort à Paris le 9 mars 1661.
		Mazarin était alors un homme de quarante ans, très beau, de manières élégantes.
		En Italie, Mazarin se laissa quelquefois guider par des passions personnelles, par exemple quand il entreprit pour effrayer le pape Innocent X la longue et pénible campagne de Toscane (1646), mais il secourut mollement les Napolitains révoltés sous Masaniello, puis sous le duc de Guise.
	www.cosmovisions.com /Mazarin.htm (2671 words)

	AllRefer.com - Jules Mazarin (French History, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		Jules Mazarin[zhUl mAzAraN´] Pronunciation Key, 1602–61, French statesman, cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church, b.
		After the deaths of Richelieu (1642) and Louis XIII (1643), Mazarin was the principal minister of the regent Anne of Austria.
		He won favorable terms for France in the Peace of Westphalia (1648), but his attempts to raise money through taxation and his centralizing policy provoked the troubles of the Fronde (1648–53), during which he was several times forced to leave France.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/M/Mazarin.html (340 words)

	Cardinal Mazarin
		Jules Mazarin, born Giulio Mazarini, but best known as Cardinal Mazarin (1602 - 1661) continued the work of Cardinal Richelieu as principal minister of the French monarchy (1642 - 1661).
		Although the 5-year-old Louis XIV became king in 1643, Mazarin acted as the ruler of France until his death, in 1661.
		The text of this article is licensed under the GFDL.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/ju/Jules_Mazarin.html (71 words)

	Jules Cardinal Mazarin -- Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - The online encyclopedia you can trust!
		Jules Cardinal Mazarin, detail of a portrait by Philippe de Champaigne; in the Musée …
		After the deaths of Richelieu (1642) and Louis XIII (1643), Mazarin was appointed first minister of France by Anne of Austria, regent for Louis XIV, and he directed Louis's education.
		Louvois was the son of one of the wealthiest and most powerful officials in France, Michel Le Tellier, secretary for war and a creature of Jules, cardinal Mazarin, Louis XIV's chief minister.
	www.britannica.com /ebc/article?eu=396928&query=cardinal%20granvelle&ct= (907 words)

	Churches of Rome: Jules Cardinal Mazarin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Mazarin was educated by the Jesuits in Rome, and at the University of Alcalá where he studied law.
		The pope created him cardinal in 1641, at the king's instigation.
		Mazarin succeeded Richelieu as prime minister in 1642.
	roma.katolsk.no /bio_mazarin.htm (139 words)

	Shadow on Earth: Hortense Duchess Mazarin (article) by Grant Hayter-Menzies on AuthorsDen
		Hortense Mancini, the next-to-youngest niece of Jules Cardinal Mazarin, emerges from the rich and gloomy tapestry of Louis XIV’s youth true to her name: all her life was a garden, and her lovers like flowers prettily tended.
		Hortense, for reasons so illogical as that she was the prettiest bird in the avuncular aviary, was made heir to the bulk of Cardinal Mazarin’s considerable riches and, most important of all, of his name.
		Mazarin, admittedly, had offered the Marquis his niece Olympe (she who became Comtesse de Soissons and mother [by Louis XIV?] of Prince Eugène of Savoy)—plain, somewhat harsh in manner, madly devoted to astrology, but intelligent and closer to the young man’s age.
	www.authorsden.com /visit/viewarticle.asp?AuthorID=13772 (4261 words)

	Louis XIV of France: Encyclopedia topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Cardinal Mazarin continued the centralization policies of his predecessor, Armand Cardinal Richelieu (Armand Cardinal Richelieu: more facts about this subject).
		When Cardinal Mazarin arrested the members of the Parlement, Paris (Paris: The capital and largest city of France; and international center of culture and commerce) broke into rioting and insurrection.
		Cardinal Mazarin died in 1661, and political circles expected his replacement by Nicolas Fouquet, Marquis de Belle-Isle (Nicolas Fouquet, Marquis de Belle-Isle: nicolas fouquet (1615 — march 23, 1680) was viscount of melun and of vaux,...
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /reference/louis_xiv_of_france2 (5663 words)

	Anecdote - Jules Mazarin - Comet (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		As Mazarin lay dying, the sky was lit by a comet which superstitious observers believed would herald the passing away of a great statesman.
		Mazarin was soon told of the fateful prediction.
		Mazarin, Jules (1602-1661) French Cardinal and statesman, protege of Cardinal Richelieu, adviser to Anne of Austria (Louis XIV's mother), tutor and chief minister to Louis XIV
	www.anecdotage.com /index.php?aid=5348 (133 words)

Try your search on: Qwika (all wikis)