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	Jules Laforgue Biography \| Encyclopedia of World Biography
		The work of the French poet Jules Laforgue (1860-1887) is distinguished by its qualities of skepticism and irony and its development of the technique of free verse.
		Jules Laforgue was born on August 16, 1860, at Montevideo, Uruguay, one of five children of an emigrant French family.
		Laforgue's natural pessimism, which was reinforced by his solitary life and by his study of the German philosophers Arthur Schopenhauer and Eduard von Hartmann, underlies all his poetry.
	www.bookrags.com /biography/jules-laforgue (407 words)

	Jules Laforgue - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Jules Laforgue (August 16, 1860–August 20, 1887) was a French poet born in Montevideo, Uruguay.
		Jules is the second of 11 children in the family.
		In 1867 Jules, along with his older brother Émile, was left to be raised with a cousin's family because his mother chose to return alone to Uruguay.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Jules_Laforgue (312 words)

	Laforgue, Jules Criticism and Essays
		Jules Laforgue was an early experimenter in vers libre (free verse), a stylistic innovation that became popular in the second half of the nineteenth century and released poetry from the traditional conventions of meter and stanza.
		Laforgue's association with Kahn, who became his mentor, as well as with Charles Henry and literary critic Paul Bourget, was the most crucial of his career.
		Laforgue's early death has continued to provide the impetus for a major debate in Laforgue criticism, since it remains a matter of speculation how the poet's work would have changed as he grew older.
	www.enotes.com /nineteenth-century-criticism/laforgue-jules (1117 words)

	Poetry Criticism \| Laforgue, Jules \| INTRODUCTION
		Laforgue was an early experimenter in vers libre (free verse).
		Laforgue himself denied the consequence of these pieces during his lifetime, but the poems themselves dramatize some of the themes that were to occupy him throughout his literary career.
		Laforgue's varied and innovative experiments with language began in Les complaintes, especially with the use of invented words and slang adopted from everyday speech.
	www.enotes.com /poetry-criticism/laforgue-jules/introduction?print=1 (1011 words)

	Jules Laforgue - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Jules Laforgue - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Laforgue, Jules (1860-87), French symbolist poet, noted for his ironic, pessimistic point of view and his innovations in free verse.
		Mazarin, Jules (1602-1661), French statesman and cardinal, who controlled the French government while Louis XIV was a minor and helped make France...
	encarta.msn.com /Jules_Laforgue.html (100 words)

	Jules Laforgue Biography and Summary
		Jules Laforgue was born on August 16, 1860, at Montevideo, Uruguay, one of five children...
		Jules Laforgue, poet, critic and parodist, holds a unique place in the history of French literature as one of Charles Baudelaire's most astute and self-conscious inheritors, whose ironic and self-mocking poetic stance at once reflected and shaped the mod...
		Jules Laforgue(August 16, 1860 – August 20, 1887) was a French poet born in Montevideo, Uruguay.
	www.bookrags.com /Jules_Laforgue (273 words)

	Jules Lachelier (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		jules jules asner jules jordan jules sykes jules verne soldes jules jules eagle florida norway jules verne stream norway jules
		Jules Verne Collection Fehrmann Neben ausführlichen Details zum Werk Jules Vernes, ergänzt durch Beiträge zu Pierre-Jules Hetzel und Karel Zeman, findet man eine Bücherliste und Filmografie.
		Jules Verne im Ungarischen Lloyd 1867-1876 Bibliographische Notizen und Dokumente aus der Frühzeit der deutschsprachigen Jules Verne-Rezeption von Gerd Schubert.
	www.serebella.com /encyclopedia/article-Jules_Lachelier.html (250 words)

	Laforgue Jules - Search Results - ninemsn Encarta
		Laforgue, Jules (1860-1887), French Symbolist poet, noted for his ironic, pessimistic outlook on life and his innovations in free verse.
		Laforgue, Jules (quotations): Human Condition: O what an everyday business life is!
		The Symbolist movement survived well into the 1890s, in the works of such French poets as Jules Laforgue and Paul Valéry, as well as those of the...
	au.encarta.msn.com /Laforgue_Jules.html (91 words)

	Jules Laforgue and Poetic Innovation - Review 0198158769 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Arguing that Laforgue is the great innovator in the use of free verse in French poetry, Holmes sheds light on his method of composition by means of close analysis of variants, and explores the precise nature of his experiment with interior monologue.
		She sets Laforgue firmly in the context of contemporary French poetry and highlights the influence on him of Walt Whitman and Impressionist painting.
		Laforgue emerges from this study as a far more important figure in the evolution of French verse than has previously been thought.
	books.bankhacker.com /Jules+Laforgue+and+Poetic+Innovation (222 words)

	Biographie de Jules Laforgue (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Em 1867, Mme Laforgue retourne en Amérique du Sud, laissant deux de ses fils, Jules et Émile, aux soins d'un de ses cousins.
		Laforgue vit, plutôt mal, de quelques critiques et d'articles publiés dans de petites revues littéraires.
		Laforgue commence à écrire les poèmes qui seront repris dans les Complaintes.
	www.poetes.com /laforgue/biograph.htm (362 words)

	Jules Laforgue : héritage et modernité
		Par ailleurs, la traduction par Laforgue de Leaves of grass de Walt Whitman n'a pu manquer de lui suggérer la possibilité de créer un vers affranchi des règles et souvent très long.
		Ces termes, qui sont encore à l'époque de Laforgue des néologismes, ont en outre des sonorités agressives (les dentales, les palatales) qui contribuent à créer un univers discordant.
		Ainsi l'évolution de Laforgue vers le vers libre n'est pas une révolution inattendue dans son parcours.
	www.site-magister.com /laforgue3.htm (2028 words)

	Mazarin Jules: Free Encyclopedia Articles at Questia.com Online Library (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Ivory, Apes, and Peacocks: Joseph Conrad, Walt Whitman, Jules Laforgue, Dostoievsky and Tolstoy, Schoenberg, Wedekind, Moussorgsky, Cezanne, Vermeer, Matisse, Van Gogh, Gauguin, Italian Futurists, Various Latter-Day Poets, Painters, Composers, and Dramatists
		Jules Mazarin, educated in Rome and in Spain...5 and he had skill.
		It was republished over a century later by the indefatigable archivist Jules Guiffrey, and cited by successive historians, who, however, never queried its significance.(89) The title of this publication...
	www.questia.com /library/encyclopedia/101258027 (1018 words)

	Jules Laforgue: Selected Poems (Penguin Classics) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Jules Laforgue was a contemporary of Rimbaud, yet they never knew one another because just as Rimbaud had stopped writing poetry and was leaving for Abyssinia, Laforgue was arriving in Paris from South America (where he was born).
		Laforgue captures fleeting sensations and moments more playfully than Rimbaud, I think, using more colloquial language than his peer, but Rimbaud is second to none for obscure visions and acerbic wit.
		All in all, Laforgues poems will make you smile at times in their innocence and lunacy, but most importantly, they are a conversation with various muses (lunar, pierrot, the feminine, amor, etc.) which are inspiring, thought-provoking, and astonishing all at once.
	www.poetry-reviews.com /Jules_Laforgue_Selected_Poems_Penguin_Classics_014043626X.html (863 words)

	Un mythe épisodique: Hélène de Troie chez Jules Laforgue
		On pourrait en dire autant de l'Hélène de Laforgue qui n'est pas mentionnée dans l'étude ; cependant, certains des éléments traditionnels du mythe dégagés par Jean-Louis Backès pourraient avoir retenu l'attention du poète.
		Le seul texte de Laforgue entièrement consacré à Hélène de Troie, qu'on peut donc considérer comme une (courte) reprise du mythe, est son sonnet de 1880 "Sur l'Hélène de Gustave Moreau".
		Chez Laforgue le nom d'Hélène appelle donc "frêle" et "frisson", ce qui n'était nullement prévu dans le mythe : dans l'article de critique d'art, l'Hélène de Daras apparaît "frêle et roide en ses habits précieux" comme elle était, dans le sonnet, "frêle sous ses bijoux".
	www.orsini.net /laforgue/vortex2/dottin2.htm (4059 words)

	J.-Ph. Saint-Gérand: Jules Laforgue, Les Complaintes
		L'uvre de Laforgue est toute contemporaine de ces débats, qui oscille entre la fantaisie et le sens de l'histoire inscrit dans les usages et mésusages concertés de la langue, par lesquels le poète entend autant exprimer sa sensibilité individuelle irrédentiste que choquer l'entendement et les goûts de ses lecteurs.
		Laforgue, pour sa part, n'hésite pas à se saisir de l'esprit de la démarche pour en détourner l'application hors du champ de la langue et l'appliquer à l'expression seule d'une subjectivité tour à tour ludique ou tragique, selon les modalités propres de l'énonciation spécifique à chaque contexte.
		Laforgue s'amuse ici à phonétiser l'expression, conformément à l'une des tendances orthographiques de l'époque ; il en résulte une graphie aux connotations vaguement hindouistes, qui présente par sa constitution même une sorte de syncrétisme religieux d'inspiration ludique.
	www.chass.utoronto.ca /epc/langueXIX/laforgue/etude.htm (12820 words)

	MSN Encarta - Search Results - Laforgue Jules (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Laforgue, Jules (1860-1887), French Symbolist poet, noted for his ironic, pessimistic outlook on life and his innovations in free verse.
		The Symbolist movement survived well into the 1890s, in the works of such French poets as Jules Laforgue and Paul Valéry, as well as those of the...
		Two of the most remarkable poets of the modern period combined tradition and experiment in their work.
	uk.encarta.msn.com /Laforgue_Jules.html (105 words)

	The London Magazine UK - A Review of Literature and the Arts - Poems of Jules Laforgue (new ed) tr. Peter Dale by ...
		Among the most innovative of poets in the French language, Laforgue was an important influence on the young T S Eliot.
		Laforgue died in Paris in 1887 aged just 27.
		In this revised edition of his verse translation, Peter Dale (described by Donald Davie as an `exceptionally thoughtful and enterprising translator') captures the energy and panache of Laforgue's poetry in translations which are by turns as playful, wild, clear, obscure and impossible as the French poems.
	www.thelondonmagazine.net /poems_of_jules_laforgue_new_ed_tr_peter_dale_by_laforgue_jules_i0443.aspx (250 words)

	C:\laforque.htm
		Laforgue is best known as a poet and literary critic, but his essay on Impressionism
		Between 1881 and 1886 Laforgue was retained as Reader of French at the Prussian court, and the essay was planned early in 1883 for translation and publication in a German journal.
		It was intended that it should coincide with the exhibition of a small collection of Impressionist paintings at the Gurlitt Gallery in Berlin.
	www.msu.edu /course/ha/240/laforque.htm (2087 words)

	Laforgue, Jules -- Britannica Student Encyclopedia
		The French symbolist poet Jules Laforgue was a master of lyrical irony and one of the first advocates of free verse.
		During the late 19th century, Jules Breton was one of France's most famous painters, acclaimed for his rural landscapes of peasants at work in the fields.
		The French critic, storyteller, and dramatist Jules Lemaître is remembered mainly for his uniquely personal and impressionistic style of literary criticism.
	www.britannica.com /ebi/article-9314417?tocId=9314417&query=hippolyte (788 words)

	Jules Laforgue
		Son père, Charles-Benoit Laforgue, d'origine tarbaise est instituteur, puis employé de banque et sa mère, née Pauline Lacollay, d'origine havraise est la fille d'un fabriquant de chaussure.
		Atteint par la phtisie, Jules Laforgue meurt le 20 août.
		Laforgue, qui avait préparé le manuscrit de ses souvenirs, n'avait pu trouver aucun éditeur pour les publier.
	www.laforgue.org (566 words)

	Peter Nicholls: (In-Conference -- HOW2) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		In that essay of 1917, “Irony, Laforgue, and Some Satire,” Pound had praised Laforgue for his command of what he called a “good verbalism” (“Bad verbalism,” he says, “is rhetoric, or the use of cliché unconsciously, or a mere playing with phrases” 32).
		Laforgue’s “nonchalance of manner,” as Pound terms it, actually represents only one aspect of his work, certainly masking the mordant and macabre features of his irony to which Eliot was predictably drawn.
		In fact, the “verbalism” for which Pound praised Laforgue might suggest something not so very different from the allegedly “false” autonomy of the decadent style which always threatens to substitute a purely artificial language for a social one (the OED defines “verbalism” as ‘the predominance of what is merely verbal over reality or real significance”).
	www.scc.rutgers.edu /however/v1_5_2001/current/in-conference/mina-loy/nicholls.html (4305 words)

	Le Matricule des Anges : OEuvres complètes (tome III) - Jules Laforgue
		Initiées il y a trente ans, les OEuvres complètes de Jules Laforgue sont enfin achevées.
		Depuis juillet 1971, date de la signature d'un premier contrat relatif à l'édition des poèmes de Jules Laforgue (1860-1887) dans la Pléiade, Jean-Louis Debauve a partagé le long périple de Pierre-Olivier Walzer (1915-2000) à la recherche d'un éditeur.
		Laforgue, j'ai goûté son humour comme celui d'un auteur moderne à l'avant-garde du surréalisme.
	www.lmda.net /din/tit_lmda.php?Id=11979 (1022 words)

	Bibliographie de Jules Laforgue
		Sujet: Joseph Conrad, Walt Whitman, Jules Laforgue, Dostoïevski et Tolstoï.
		Jules Laforgue a participé à la traduction en compagnie de Louis Fabulet, André Gide, Valéry Larbaud, Jean Schlumberger et Francis Vielé-Griffin.
		Avec une introduction de François Ruchon et l'iconographie complète de Jules Laforgue.
	www.laforgue.org /biblio1.htm (374 words)

	TheGalleryChannel (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		An unlikely pairing of a 19th century French poet with a 20th-century artist, best known for his work as a Pop Artist, is the focus of this National Touring Exhibition organised by the Hayward Gallery for the Arts Council of England, which opens at Milton Keynes Gallery this month.
		Jules Laforgue (1860-1887) has been called ‘the first of the modern poets’.
		Born in Montivideo, Uruguay, Laforgue moved to Paris in 1886 with his young English wife, where they lived a life of poverty, both perishing from tuberculosis within a year.
	www.thegallerychannel.com /content.shtml?ID=872 (379 words)

	AllRefer.com - Jules Laforgue (French Literature, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		Jules Laforgue[zhUl lAfOrg´] Pronunciation Key, 1860–87, French symbolist poet.
		He was one of the first French poets to write in free verse.
		More articles from AllRefer Reference on Jules Laforgue
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/L/Laforgue.html (164 words)

	Vorticism as a corrective to Impressionism: The influence of Tristan Corbiere, Jules Laforgue, Remy de Gourmont, and ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Vorticism as a corrective to Impressionism: The influence of Tristan Corbiere, Jules Laforgue, Remy de Gourmont, and Jules Romains on Ezra Pound's understanding of Ford Madox Ford's "prose tradition" in verse.
		Jules Laforgue and Tristan Corbiere demonstrated Flaubert's anti-Romanticism in verse instead of prose, using logopoeia to attack Romantic idees recues and imprecise language.
		Jules Romains' movement Unanimism allowed Pound to absorb elements of Futurism despite his anti-Futurist stance.
	epublish.utdallas.edu /dissertations/AAI3007112 (277 words)

	The Poems of Jules Laforgue:0856461466:Laforgue, Jules:eCampus.com
		Like Poe, Laforgue has been a more influential poet abroad than at home.
		His innovatory handling of free verse, for example, was an inspiration to the young T.S. Eliot, who was also drawn to his tone of urban wit and the way his poetry, part symbolist and part impressionist, reflected the uncertainties of modern city life.
		Peter Dale captures the resourceful, energy and panache of Laforgue's poetry in translations which are as playful, wild, clear, obscure and impossible as the French poems.
	www.ecampus.com /bk_detail.asp?isbn=0856461466 (82 words)

	jules and jim - Books, journals, articles @ The Questia Online Library (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		III THE BUFFOON OF THE NEW ETERNITIES: JULES LAFORGUE I " Jules Laforgue: Quelle joie !" -- J.-K.-HUYSMANS.
		The 1956 film adaptation of Jules Vernes globe trotting classic was a three hour spectacular that...dash around the globe to make good on a wager with Lord Kelvin (Jim Broadbent), the minister for science.
		In Jules and Jim (1961), she etched a highly ambiguous portrait of a delightful woman capable of destroying the men who love her.
	www.questia.com /search/jules-and-jim (1703 words)

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