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	Detail Page
		Julia Mamaea's position as the dominant imperial force in the empire was won with blood.
		Julia Maesa persuaded the 16-year-old Elagabalus to adopt the 12-year-old Alexianus.
		Julia Mamaea declared to the army that late emperor Caracalla was the father of her son, just as her sister had earlier claimed the late emperor father of Elagabalus.
	www.fofweb.com /Onfiles/Ancient/AncientDetail.asp?iPin=AGRW0248 (735 words)

	Julia Mamaea
		Julia Mamaea was born on the 14th or 29th of August of an unknown year after 180.
		Mamaea's first marriage may have been to a former consul, and after his death, she was allowed to retain the senatorial rank, even when she later -during the reign of her uncle Septimius Severus (emperor 193-211) married to an equestrian named Gessius Marcianus.
		Like Mamaea, he was from Syria (born in Arca), and the marriage may have served to strengthen Severus' power base in the eastern provinces.
	www.livius.org /jo-jz/julia/julia_mamaea.html (937 words)

	LordBest's Roman Emperor and Empress Gallery (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Julia Mamaea was the highly intelligent and capable mother of Severus Alexander.
		After the death of her mother Julia Maesa, Julia Mamaea was the power behind the throne and largely responsible for the impressive recovery of the Roman state that took place during her son's rule.
		In 235 A.D., Julia Mamaea and Severus Alexander were both murdered by mutinous soldiers led by the thug Maximinus I.
	lordbest.napoleonicmedals.org /gallerymamaea.html (85 words)

	Julia Mamaea - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Mamaea, Julia (ad 190?-235), Syrian-born daughter of Roman noblewoman Julia Maesa and mother of Roman Emperor Alexander Severus.
		Julia (Daughter of Augustus) (39 bc- ad14), only child of the Roman emperor Augustus.
		Julia (motion picture), dramatization about a friendship between playwright Lillian Hellman and a resistance leader named Julia, based on Hellman’s...
	encarta.msn.com /Julia_Mamaea.html (113 words)

	Detail Page
		Julia Maesa was ambitious and thrived in a world of intrigue populated by strong women and weak men.
		Julia Maesa plotted with her daughter Julia Soaemias, a widow with a son, to have the boy declared the child of Caracalla and thereby challenge the legitimacy of the emperor Macrinus.
		Julia Maesa died two years later in 224 and was deified by her grandson.
	www.fofweb.com /Onfiles/Ancient/AncientDetail.asp?iPin=AGRW0255 (489 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Julia Mamaea was the eldest daughter of Julia Maesa, that intrepid strong woman of Roman politics during the Severan period.
		Both he and his mother were under the control of the powerful Maesa until she died in A. At this time Mamaea, last of the strong Severan women, took over the role of dominating and directing the man who occupied the throne.
		Julia Mamaea was murdered by the Roman army along with her son in A. 235 during a coup by officers of the Praetorian Guard.
	www.jaysromanhistory.com /caesars/NMAMAEA.HTM (144 words)

	Severus Alexander
		Unlike her sister, Julia Domna, and her two daughters, Julia Soaemis and Julia Mamaea, she was already an elderly grandmother before being immortalized on coinage.
		About this coin: Julia Mamaea, the mother of Severus Alexander, was the true power for most of Alexander's reign, certainly after the death of her own mother, Julia Maesa.
		Early in the reign, the Praetorians assassinated the man Mamaea had appointed to be their commander, and unrest among the military plagued Alexander's entire reign.
	www.garstang.us /emperors/sevalex.htm (1108 words)

	Alexander Severus
		His entire elevation was in fact part of a plot by the powerful Julia Maesa, grandmother to both Elagabalus and Alexander, to rid herself of Elagabalus and instead substitute him on the throne with Alexander.
		Her chief advisor killed, Julia Mamaea found herself humiliatingly forced to publicly thank the mutinous Epagathus and was required to 'reward' him with the post of governor of Egypt.
		Alexander and Mamaea therefore returned to Rome to hold a triumphal march through the streets of the capital in the autumn of AD 233.
	www.roman-empire.net /decline/alex-severus.html (1155 words)

	Roman Emperors - DIR Alexander Severus
		Julia Domna became the second wife of Septimius Severus and bore him two sons, the later emperors Caracalla and Geta.
		Her role in the administration of her husband was significant, which her expansive titulature, "mother of the camp and the senate and the country," reflected.
		Julia Mamaea bore Alexander, who succeeded his cousin; he was very young and hence much under the control of grandmother and mother.
	www.roman-emperors.org /alexsev.htm (2083 words)

	julia mamaea
		IVLIA AVITA MAMAEA was born in Syria to Julius Avitus and Julia Maesa.
		Her maternal aunt was Julia Domna, the wife of Septimius Severus.
		Her older sister was Julia Soaemias, the mother of Elagabalus.
	www.trajancoins.com /jmamaea.htm (90 words)

	Info about Alexander Severus
		Mamaea governed moderately, advised by an imperial council of 16 distinguished senators.
		Was Julia Mamaea's rule not as firm as that of Julia Maesa, it only encouraged a revolt by the increasingly hostile praetorians.
		In AD 225 Mamaea organized a wedding for her son with the daughter of a patrician family, Cnaea Seia Herennia Sallustia Orba Barbia Orbiana.
	home.planet.nl /~tolsm031/gegevens/severus_alexanderengels.htm (1155 words)

	Roman Emperors - DIR severan Julias
		Julia Domna was mother of Caracalla and Geta, who became joint-emperors after the death of their father.
		Julia Soaemias was mother of Elagabalus, Julia Mamaea mother of Alexander Severus.
		Stegmann, H., "Julia Mamaea," "Julia Domna," "Julia Maesa," "Julia Soaemias," in Der Neue Pauly, 6 (1999) cols.
	www.roman-emperors.org /sevjulia.htm (1558 words)

	Severan AD 193 - 235, Ancient Roman coins - Calgary Coin Gallery
		Julia Maesa was the sister of Julia Domna, mother of Julia Soaemias and Julia Mamaea, and Grandmother of both Elagabalus and Severus Alexander.
		Severus Alexander was the son of Julia Mamaea.
		Julia Mamaea was the daughter of Julia Soaemias and mother of Severus Alexander.
	www.calgarycoin.com /roman5.htm (1281 words)

	Julia Soaemias (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Julia Soaemias (c.180-222): empress of the Roman empire, mother of Heliogabalus (emperor 218-222).
		The story was told that Julia Soaemias had once had a brief affair with Caracalla, and that Varius Avitus Bassianus was in fact the former emperor's son.
		In this conflict, Julia Maesa and the Senate backed the caesar, and on 11 or 12 March 222, Heliogabalus and Soaemias were lynched by the soldiers.
	www.livius.org /jo-jz/julia/julia_soaemias.html (457 words)

	The Severan Julias
		Their administrative skill was good for the empire, but the soldiers would not be led by women, and eventually rebellion ended the reign of Alexander and ushered in the era of the soldier emperors.
		Julia Domna (PIR2 I 663) was born about 170 in Emesa of Syria as the younger daughter of Julius Bassianus (PIR2 I 202), priest of the sun god Elagabal.
		Julia Maesa (PIR2 I 678), older sister of Julia Domna, married Julius Avitus (PIR2 I 190) and bore him two daughters, Julia Soaemias and Julia Mamaea.
	www.ancientworlds.net /aw/Post/396618 (1666 words)

	Ancient Roman Coins of the Septimius Family - Coin Collecting
		Julia Domna knew she was destine to marry this prestigious Senator, because a fortune teller told her the man she married would be an Emperor and she would become a Queen.
		Julia Domna moved to Antioch, and it was reported she committed suicide through starvation.
		Julia Maesa was the mother of two daughters, JULIA SOAEMIAS and JULIA MAMAEA.
	www.bellaonline.com /ArticlesP/art33349.asp (1191 words)

	Julia Mamaea, Roman Imperial Coins of, at WildWinds.com
		Julia Mamaea AE21 of City Coin of Bostra (Basra).
		Julia Mamaea Æ 20mm 2-assaria of Dionysopolis, Moesia Inferior.
		Julia Mamaea Æ 28mm of Seleukis and Pieria, Hieropolis.
	www.wildwinds.com /coins/ric/julia_mamaea/i.html (1083 words)

	For Your Collection, Severus Alexander aureus Coin For Sale
		Born in Phoenicia in AD 208 M. Julius Gessius Alexianus was the son of Julia Mamaea (niece of the Empress Julia Domna) and Gessius Marcianus.
		However, when his grandmother Julia Maesa perceived that the future of the dynasty was being threatened by the outrageous behavior of Elagabalus the young Alexianus was brought more into the public limelight and was even granted the title of Caesar (AD 221).
		However, the extraordinary influence wielded by the emperor's mother, Julia Mamaea, caused much resentment, especially amongst the military, and boded ill for the long term prospects of the dynasty.
	www.davidrsear.com /coin02.html (480 words)

	HWC, The Roman Empire (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		He was only a boy of fourteen and the women certainly thought they could control matters by way of the boy, who was mild mannered and inclined to go along with those around him.
		Unfortunately, Julia Mamaea was avaricious and unscrupulous, so he was entirely the wrong man at the wrong time.
		What followed was certainly the lowest point in the history of the Roman Empire—fifty years of civil war that saw an endless procession of emperors, invasions, insurrections, economic chaos, and social dislocation.
	history.boisestate.edu /westciv/empire/14.shtml (283 words)

	The Decline
		There were no descendants of Severus, but there were his sister-in-law Maesa and her daughters Soaemias and Mamaea.
		The historians are full of praises of the virtues of the young emperor, the restoration of tranquility, the revival of prosperity which had suffered grievously from the merciless and capricious taxation imposed to meet the extravagances of the two last reigns.
		Probably the controlling spirit of government for some years was Mamaea, who exercised a supreme influence over the son, whom she trained and guided.
	www.roman-empire.net /decline/decline.html (7626 words)

	Roman Women - Ancient Roman Empire Forums (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Don't forget that during the late Severan period Roman politics were dominated by three women: Julia Maesa and her two daughters Julia Soaemias (mother of the Emperor Elagabalus) and Julia Mamaea (Mother of the Emperor Alexander Severus).
		Each one of these women seemed have taken advantage of their offspring's youth--and in the case of Julia Soaemias her son's love of decadence--and were able to treat them as a ciper to their commands.
		During the reign of Alexander Severus, Julia Mamaea even went as far as governing the Empire with a group of advisors and subordinates; one may even refer to her as Rome's first Empress.
	www.unrv.com /forum/index.php?showtopic=1566&pid=40230&st=15&#entry40230 (330 words)

	Aeqvitas Photos
		Laureate, draped and cuirassed bust of Septimius Severus right / Facing draped bust of Julia Domna; Caracalla on left facing right, laureate and draped; Geta on right facing left, bare headed, draped and cuirassed.
		Julia Soaemias --AE Sestertius.Diademed, draped bust right / Venus seated left, holding apple, child at feet.
		REVERSE: Elagabalus and Julia Paula clasping hands, Concordia between, CONCORDIA AETERNA SC.
	www.aeqvitas.com /photo.php?freeform=Julia (318 words)

	History
		Her sister, Julia Maesa, had two daughters, each of whom produced a son who was to become emperor.
		Having had no experience in government, the young emperor was largely dependent upon the two senior women in his life to guide his actions.
		I 453),[[5]] who are well-known to us because of the numerous citations of their legal views and administrative decisions preserved in the Corpus Iuris Civilis.
	www.severusalexander.com /History.htm (2056 words)

	SESTERTIUS ROMAN PENDANT
		Born in Syria to Julius Avitus and Julia Maesa, Julia Mamaea ruled the Roman Empire for 13 years through her son Severus Alexander during his reign.
		Unlike her sister, Julia Mamaea was reported to be a virtuous woman, never involved in scandals.
		While in the field, he and his mother, Mamaea, were murdered in Mainz, Germany by a band of mutinous Pannonian troops on March 22, 235.
	www.johnbmcnamara.com /cpr022.htm (511 words)

	Roman Women
		Livia (Julia Augusta and earlier was Livia Drusilla) - Wife of Octavian.
		Julia Mamaea (Julia Avita Mamaea) - Mother of Severus Alexander.
		Wife of Marcian, Sister of Theodosius II Statue of St. Helena, who is believed to have found the true Cross of Christ, within what is now the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem.
	www.beastcoins.com /Topical/RomanWomen/RomanWomen.htm (515 words)

	Roman (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		JJulia Mamaea was the mother of Severus Alexander, and a highly intelligent and capable woman.
		After the death of her mother Julia Maesa, Julia Mamaea practically ran her sons government an is in this way responsible for the impressive recovery of the Roman state that took place under her and her sons reign.
		Although popular with the population of the empire, the military was deeply offended at being controlled by a woman and in 235A.D Julia Mamaea and Severus Alexaner were both murdered by mutinous soldiers led by the thug Maximinus I. AR Denarius.
	lordbest.napoleonicmedals.org /mamaea.html (215 words)

	CoinArchives.com Search Results
		An Important Collection of Roman Gold Coins Part II The Roman Empire Julia Domna, wife of Septimius Severus No.: 176 Estimate: CHF 7000 d=22 mm Aureus 198-211, 7.31 g.
		Büste der Julia Domna als Tyche mit Kalathos auf...
		SAMMLUNG J.-P. Julia Mamaea, seine Mutter, 222-235 No.: 971 Schätzpreis/Estimate: EUR 90.- d=30 mm Bronze.
	www.coinarchives.com /a/results.php?results=100&search=Julia (2352 words)

	Mamaea Julia - Search Results - MSN Encarta (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		ad 190-235), Syrian-born daughter of Roman noblewoman Julia Maesa and mother of Roman Emperor Alexander Severus.
		Julia (39 bc-ad 14), only child of the Roman emperor Augustus.
		She was married at the age of 14 to her cousin Marcus Claudius Marcellus, who died...
	uk.encarta.msn.com /Mamaea_Julia.html (101 words)

	Amazon.com: "Julia Mamaea": Key Phrase page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		although the emperor's mother Julia Mamaea (Chapter 8) had from the start claimed to be their benefactor, and asserted that the money which she had amassed...
		Varius Avitus Bassianus, and the son of Julia Mamaea, Gessius Alexianus.
		The former was born in 204, the latter in 205 or 206.
	www.amazon.com /phrase/Julia-Mamaea (492 words)

	Alexander Severus
		Although he won a triumph in a campaign (232) against Ardashir I of Persia, he could not maintain discipline among his own troops and had to retire from battle.
		Even though he was only a fourteen year old boy when he was elevated to the throne, the Senate voted him the title PATER PATRIAE, Latin for "Father of his Country "because they were so relieved to be free of the wanton depravity of his predecessor Elagabalus.
		The women of the Severan dynasty had always wielded a great deal of power and Alexander's mother, Julia Mamaea, tightly controlled who could see her son.
	www.afghanchamberofcommerce.com /history/alexander_severus.htm (414 words)

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