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	The Julian Jaynes Society (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The primary goals of the Julian Jaynes Society are to foster discussion and a better understanding of the life, work, and theories of Julian Jaynes (1920-1997), the implications of his bicameral mind theory of consciousness, and the topic of consciousness in general.
		Julian Jaynes was a popular teacher, and he lectured in the Psychology Department at Princeton University from 1966 to 1990.
		Julian Jaynes was an associate editor of the internationally renowned journal Behavioral and Brain Sciences and on the editorial board of the Journal of Mind and Behavior.
	www.julianjaynes.org (268 words)

	Julian Jaynes - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Jaynes was born in West Newton, Massachusetts and attended Harvard University.
		Jaynes lectured as a professor of psychology at Princeton University from 1966 to 1990, and was said to be a popular teacher, occasionally invited to lecture at other universities.
		Julian Jaynes Revisited, an appreciation of Jaynes and the subsequent history of his bicameral mind thesis, published after his death by Anthony Campbell
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Julian_Jaynes (224 words)

	reviewbicameral
		Jaynes was a popular teacher and he lectured in the psychology department at Princeton University from 1966 to 1990.
		Jaynes went to great lengths to prepare the reader for this foundational theory of consciousness by systematically deconstructing and challenging eight of the most prominent theories of consciousness available to him at the time.
		Julian Jaynes was very well informed during his time as I did not find any material which I recall to be outdated or updated in light of modern discoveries.
	www.geocities.com /desmontes93/reviewbicameral.html (718 words)

	The legacy of Julian Jaynes \| Mar 27, 1998
		Jaynes wrote it as an all-encapsulating treatise on the very recent evolution of the human brain, postulating that we had only 3,000 years ago shaken off a left/right-brain split that had until then made the right brain act as "god" to the left, producing visual and auditory hallucinations.
		Jaynes was far removed from the mainstream, and was as criticized by the conservatives as he was embraced by the extremists.
		Jaynes stood in the nexus of ancient history, Vico, modern academia, and a good deal of Forteanism, and if any scholar could be said to have been in Bruno S.'s state of "other-awareness," it would be him.
	www.yaleherald.com /archive/xxv/3.27.98/opinion/jaynes.html (582 words)

	Julian Jaynes - The Boyd of History
		Julian Jaynes, a Princeton University psychologist who died recently at the age of 77, is famous, or notorious, depending on your point of view, for one book only: The Origin of Consciousness in the Breakdown of the Bicameral Mind, first published in 1976.
		If Jaynes were writing now he would no doubt point to such modern enthusiasms as the vogues for speaking with tongues, channelling, or communicating with angels as further manifestations of the same phenomenon.
		Throughout the book Jaynes displays an impressive grasp of the historical aspects of his subject as well as of the state of neurophysiological science as it existed at the time he was writing.
	radio.weblogs.com /0107127/stories/2003/02/02/julianJaynesTheBoydOfHistory.html (1687 words)

	Jaynes and Language
		Jaynes provides a wide range of remarkable data which suggests that prior to this breakdown, the right half of the brain literally spoke to the left half and sent it audial and visual hallucinations which people of those cultures understood to be the gods.
		Jaynes compares the language of the Iliad, which he feels was written prior to the breakdown to the Odyssey which was written perhaps in the transition or just after the breakdown.
		Jaynes goes on: "Once a tribe has a repertoire of modifiers and commands, the necessity of keeping the inegrity of the old primitive call system can be relaxed for the first time, so as to indicate the referents of the modifiers or commands.
	www.conknet.com /~mmagnus/Jaynes&Language.html (1720 words)

	Julian Jaynes -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Jaynes was born in West Newton, Massachusetts and attended (A university in Massachusetts) Harvard University.
		Jaynes lectured as a professor of psychology at (A university in New Jersey) Princeton University from 1966 to 1990, and was said to be a popular teacher, occasionally invited to lecture at other universities.
		The polemics created by the book tended to overshadow his other achievements, which were numerous, mostly in the fields of animal behavior and (The branch of zoology that studies the behavior of animals in their natural habitats) ethology.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/j/ju/julian_jaynes.htm (207 words)

	mentality that shaped human civilization (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		While Jaynes' work is extremely useful for what it deals with, I would like to set it in a wider historical context by noting that the bicameral mentality that his study deals with was simply a more refined form of ancient animal mentality.
		Jaynes points out that while language evolved to assist in the development of voices in the evolution toward bicameral mentality, writing evolved to supplant the bicameral mind as the mechanism of social control (31).
		Jaynes says that it is possible to isolate written commands and keep them at a distance and therefore avoid the immediate obedience demanded by the inner voice.
	www.freechristians.com /Wendell_Krossa/mentality_that_shaped_human_civilization.htm (5861 words)

	The Origin of Consciousness in the Breakdown of the Bicameral Mind
		Jaynes proposes that a series of unprecedented environmental stresses in the second millennium B.C. forced the two halves of the brain to merge into unicamerality.
		Jaynes suggests, among other things, that traders in contact with other cultures might have been forced to develop a "protosubjective consciousness" to cope with the gods of unfamiliar people.
		Jaynes suggests that the unprecedented stresses of the 2nd millennium B.C. forced the individual into isolation, within which a sense of I-ness appeared to fill the void left by the inadequacy of the god.
	www.deoxy.org /alephnull/jaynes.htm (873 words)

	The Relationship of the Bicameral Mind and the Paranormal
		Julian Jaynes explains that man's self consciousness is the result of a schism that took place around 1500 BC, but that has left man with certain residual traits, such as religion, that he cannot simply slough off.
		Or, on the contrary, crucial to Jaynes, humans are already altering their most conceptual schemata, the bicameral paradigm, when they act logically.5 In which respect, Jaynes sets apart the religious inherent instinct from the transient instinct of logic.
		To paraphrase Jaynes, a main reason that bicamerality ever appeared was as a means of social control wherein there emerged a leader, who was charismatic, adept with magic, and possessed the skills necessary to convey his private hallucinations.
	www.trincoll.edu /zines/papers/1996/bicameral.html (3218 words)

	The origin of consciousness in the breakdown of the bicameral mind
		Jaynes feels that is it is a waste of time to associate the RAS with consciousness because it is one of the oldest structures in the evolution of the nervous system.
		Jaynes even restates a basic assumption of the empiricist that there is nothing in the mind that was not first in the senses by stating.
		Jaynes provides an example of how easy it is to influence the specifics of hypnosis with the manipulation of a belief system (what he calls the cognitive imperative).
	members.aol.com /chris5264/jaynes.html (12924 words)

	Julian Jaynes: The origin of consciousness in the breakdown of the bicamereal mind
		Julian Jaynes, a Princeton University psychologist who died recently at the age of 77, is famous, or notorious, depending on your point of view, for one book only: this one.
		Jaynes illustrates this by means of Homer's Iliad, in which the participants continually receive orders and advice from various deities.
		The book develops this idea at length in its first section, in which Jaynes maintains that the mind of preconscious people was split functionally into two (the 'bicameral mind'), probably as a result of a dissociation between the left and right hemispheres of the brain.
	www.accampbell.uklinux.net /bookreviews/r/jaynes.html (885 words)

	wAw : 0f
		Julian Jaynes gives us an inspiringly provocative model of the phases of the evolution of the inward connectivity we experience as consciousness, and he builds it around the changing spacialization of the inward stage, the place we think, and how it might have evolved over even relatively short amounts of time.
		Jaynes portrays the connective aspect of the bicameral mind as a psychoemotional communications network which was uniquely implemented across a variety of cultures, while sharing a general and obvious template of organization and function.
		Jaynes attends this departure with convincing anecdotes bemoaning the sudden silence of an entire domain not only of mind, but of protection, identity, relation, judgement — all of the features we suppose ourselves to rely upon logics to deal with in modern societies.
	www.organelle.org /organelle/waw/waw0f.html (4847 words)

	[No title]
		Working Psychotherapist Phenomenological causality and Julian Jaynes This is the second part of our discussion about your thesis concerning what you labeled ‘phenomenological causality’; you are argung that Julian Jaynes’ neglected work, The origin of consciousness in the breakdown of the bicameral mind (Jaynes, 1990), constitutes the most striking of all illustrations of your thesis.
		Jaynes does not fully see that, though there are significant parallels between schizophrenic experience and modes of behaviour, and the bicameral modes passed down to us, schizophrenic experience itself is twisted and distorted into new and bizarre forms by the attempt to communicate something of its search for authorisation, despite the sense of foreigness.
		Jaynes greatly neglects the intrinsic logic, and phenomenology of experience, of the realm of the spiritual, and indeed also, emphatically in line with categorical pure ‘this-worldists’, like Humphrey (1995), he simply neglects or dismisses the paranormal - which is highly relevant to the bicameral experience (voodoo, for instance, c.f., Ekeland, 1997).
	hewardwilkinson.co.uk /Jaynes.doc (6808 words)

	Chapter 28, Infinite Power from Conscious Dynamics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Julian Jaynes defines both what consciousness is and what it is not.
		Jaynes then demonstrates that consciousness is only a small part of mental activity and is not necessary for concept formation, learning, thinking, or even reasoning.
		Jaynes shows how man developed the concept of worship, heaven, angels, demons, exorcism, sacrifice, divination, omens, sortilege, augury in his attempts to evoke guidance from the gods -- from external "authorities".
	www.neo-tech.com /neotech/zonpower/chapter28.html (3839 words)

	Julian Jaynes
		Jaynes turned archaeological sociology on its head when he proposed his stunning new explanation for the rise and fall of ancient cultures.
		Based on exhaustive research in multiple disciplines, Jaynes' concept was that ancient cultures were centered around religious practice that included actually hearing the voices of their gods, which Jaynes asserts originated in their own brains.
		Jaynes is a patient old guide whose careful, rational voice coaxes the student through every turn of the road.
	www.keithpurtell.com /kthings/body_jaynes.htm (426 words)

	Definitions
		Jaynes claimed that consciousness is a much smaller part of our minds than we are conscious of because we cannot be conscious of what we are not conscious of.
		Jaynes' theory could be helpful to us in understanding why it is that self referential systems are not formalizable, and why consciousness cannot be identified with a particular set of brain processes.
		Jaynes is also guilty, in my opinion, of taking certain forms of religious language too literally, and, in contrast to writers such as Northrop Fry for example, downplaying the metaphorical and allegorical aspects of mythopoetic forces in religious literature.
	www.courses.vcu.edu /ENG-rhf/explications.htm (1835 words)

	KLI Theory Lab - Authors - Julian Jaynes
		Jaynes, J. Consciousness and the voices of the mind: Response to the discussants.
		Jaynes, J. The Origin of Consciousness and the Breakdown of the Bicameral Mind.
		Jaynes, J. The historical origins of "ethology" and "comparative psychology." Animal Behavior 17: 601—606.
	www.kli.ac.at /theorylab/AuthPage/J/JaynesJ.html (72 words)

	Salon Books \| Crackpot authorities (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		A psychology professor at Princeton from 1966 until 1990, Jaynes wrote the bestselling masterpiece "The Origin of Consciousness in the Breakdown of the Bicameral Mind." It was nominated for a National Book Award in 1978 and is still taught to fortunate university students here and there.
		Jaynes postulates that human consciousness as we know it -- the ability to "metaphorize" in mind-space -- is a relatively recent development.
		Jaynes displays a hallmark trait of the crackpot authority in drawing from widely disparate disciplines to back up a hypothesis that would never even occur to most scientists, let alone to laymen.
	www.salon.com /books/feature/1999/08/17/crackpots/index1.html (734 words)

	caseybook1R
		Julian Jaynes author of "The Origin of Consciousness in the Breakdown of the Bicameral Mind “, in contrast with Stanislav Grof's "The Holotropic Mind".The term Bicameral means "two sided, (split), while holotropic suggests the brain has a “wholistic” design.
		Jaynes believes that when decisions were to be made “Voices” that emanated from the right brain hemisphere guided man and were taken to be the voices of the gods.
		Jaynes is a professor in the department of Psychology at Princeton University, he seems to favor the superiority of the left hemisphere.
	www.cyonic-nemeton.com /caseybook1.htm (4560 words)

	Julian Jynes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Jaynes asserts that the bronze age mentality was "bicameral".
		In light of that, Jaynes seems to be making the error that Burt Alpert calls, "The fallacy of the excluded middle." [2] According to Professor MuKraken, Carl Sagan, in his recent book, "Demon Haunted World" [3] reports that half of the present world population believes the Earth is flat.
		Jaynes points out that metahor is an esential part of undrestanding language the way we do now.
	home.earthlink.net /~eldonenew/jaynes.htm (643 words)

	The Voice Of God
		Back in 1976, Julian Jaynes promulgated a novel hypothesis about ancient man in his book, The Origin of Consciousness and the Breakdown of the Bicameral Mind.
		"According to Jaynes, consciousness, as we know it today, is a relatively new faculty, one that did not exist until as recently as 2000 B.C. He holds that a basic difference between contemporary and ancient man is the process of decision-making.
		Jaynes believes that man of antiquity had no consciousness -- that when faced with a novel situation, he simply reacted.
	www.science-frontiers.com /sf043/sf043p18.htm (346 words)

	Perspective of Mind: Julian Jaynes
		Jaynes bluntly declares "There is in general no consciousness in the ILIAD." Analyzing Homer's great epic, Jaynes came to the conclusion that the characters of the Trojan siege did not have conscious minds, no introspection, as we know it in the modern human.
		Jaynes stresses that the Iliadic man did not possess subjectivity as we do--rather "he had no awareness of his awareness of the world, no internal mind-space to introspect upon." This mentality of the Myceneans, Jaynes calls the bicameral mind.
		According to Julian Jaynes, "the idols of a bicameral world are the carefully tended centers of social control, with auditory hallucinations instead of pheromones." [Ibid, p.
	www.bizcharts.com /stoa_del_sol/conscious/conscious3.html (1124 words)

	Authoritarian Grammar and Fundamentalist Arithmetic
		In what Jaynes refers to as the "bicameral period," the physiological aspects of language use had profound effects on subjective experience, and these effects were found to be recorded in the earliest known written narratives.
		Jaynes describes the unconscious every-day mode of perceiving in bicameral man as akin to our own experience of driving a car for some length of time without awareness of the present surroundings.
		In the context of Jaynes' theory of the evolution of consciousness, such struggles can be seen as not unpredictable reactions to nostalgia and longing for lost certainty as individuals and cultures lost the clarity, and then the presence altogether, of voices in their heads.
	www.spectacle.org /1099/price2.html (3168 words)

	Book review - The Origins of Consciousness, by Julian Jaynes
		Jaynes goes on to propose how whole societies could be (and, based on the archaeological record, were) organized and could still function.
		While it may seem implausible for an unconscious, non-self-reflecting society to be able to do anything with coordination, many people even today spend a great deal of their lives doing what they think they're supposed to do without self-reflection, until something forces them outside this direction in life.
		And from this regional catastrophe, Jaynes proposes, the conscious "I" began to be mapped out in the human mind for lack of the bicameral voice, in which Jaynes sees the Odyssey as an example of this developed consciousness.
	members.aol.com /grapabo/bookrevs/origins.htm (704 words)

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