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Topic: Julian date

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Julian day

Julian calendar

Julian year

Julian epoch

Time scales

Proleptic Julian calendar

Old Style calendar

Roman calendar

Revised Julian calendar

Calendar

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	Julian day - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Historical Julian Dates were recorded relative to GMT or Ephemeris Time, but the International Astronomical Union now recommends that Julian Dates be specified in Terrestrial Time, and that when necessary to specify Julian Dates using a different time scale, that the time scale used be indicated when required, such as JD(UT1).
		The use of Julian date to refer to the day-of-year (ordinal date) is usually considered to be incorrect.
		Julian days are typically used by astronomers to date astronomical observations, thus eliminating the complications resulting from using standard calendar periods like eras, years, months, or weeks.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Julian_date (1246 words)

	Julian calendar - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Roman dates before 32 BC were typically a day or two before the day with the same Julian date, so 1 January in the Roman calendar of the first year of the Julian reform actually fell on 31 December 46 BC (Julian date).
		The Julian calendar was in general use in Europe from the times of the Roman Empire until 1582, when Pope Gregory XIII promulgated the Gregorian Calendar, which was soon adopted by most Catholic countries.
		A revised Julian calendar was proposed during a synod in Constantinople in May of 1923, consisting of a solar part which was and will be identical to the Gregorian calendar until the year 2800, and a lunar part which calculated Easter astronomically at Jerusalem.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Julian_calendar (2432 words)

	CalendarHome.com - Julian day - Calendar Encyclopedia
		The Julian Day (JD) or Julian Day Number is the time that has elapsed since noon January 1, 4713 BC (according to the proleptic Julian calendar; or November 24, 4714 BC, according to the proleptic Gregorian calendar), expressed in days and fractions of a day.
		The Julian day is based on the Julian period proposed by Joseph Scaliger in 1583, at the time of the Gregorian calendar reform.
		Julian days are typically used by astronomers to calculate astronomical events, and eliminate the complications resulting from using standard calendar periods.
	encyclopedia.calendarhome.com /Julian_date.htm (738 words)

	Julian Date (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Julian Date is a universal time scale that can be used to accurately account for time over long epochs.
		The Julian date algorithm is taken from, and carefully explained in reference #3.
		The Julian date is the number and fraction of days elapsed since noon on 4713 B.C. All the programs use Julian date for consistency, so we will convert all times and dates to Julian date.
	www.tamuk.edu /math/scott/stars/julian.htm (131 words)

	Learn more about Julian calendar in the online encyclopedia. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Years were numbered from the supposed date of the "incarnation" or "annunciation" of Christ on March 25 of the new year 1 (preceding the Diocletian era by 284 years, and offset by 753 years from ab urbe condita).
		Russia remained on the Julian calendar until after the Russian Revolution (which is thus called the 'October Revolution' but occurred in November according to the Gregorian calendar).
		Easter, Pentecost, and their associated holy days are still calculated according to the Julian calendar in the Eastern Orthodox churches, and some Eastern Orthodox churches continue to use the Julian Calendar for all their church calendar dates.
	www.onlineencyclopedia.org /j/ju/julian_calendar.html (1184 words)

	Math Forum - Ask Dr. Math (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Date: 03/20/2001 at 06:13:06 From: max prenga Subject: Converting Julian date to Gregorian date Please help me to convert a Julian date into a Gregorian date.
		A Julian date refers to the number of days from a base date as given by a Gregorian date.
		That is, given a Julian date of 10,457 days and given a base date of 01/01/0001 then what formula/logic can be used to obtain the Gregorian date of 08/08/0029 (assuming no leap years....
	mathforum.org /library/drmath/view/52585.html (693 words)

	Julian Date Converter (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Julian dates (abbreviated JD) are simply a continuous count of days and fractions since noon Universal Time on January 1, 4713 BCE (on the Julian calendar).
		This application assumes that the changeover from the Julian calendar to the Gregorian calendar occurred in October of 1582, according to the scheme instituted by Pope Gregory XIII.
		Specifically, for dates on or before 4 October 1582, the Julian calendar is used; for dates on or after 15 October 1582, the Gregorian calendar is used.
	aa.usno.navy.mil /data/docs/JulianDate.html (570 words)

	Date Algorithms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Various calendar dates (Julian, Gregorian, and Rata Die) are used and produced by the algorithms that are presented but no attempt has been made to account for various problems associated with the general use of historical dates.
		The year 0 corresponds to 1 B.C. Julian dates may be applied both before the calendar was invented and after it was replaced as long as it is clear that the Julian leap year rules are being applied, usually by calling the date a Julian date.
		Gregorian dates may be applied before the Gregorian calendar was invented as long as it is clear that the Gregorian calendar leap year rules are being applied, usually by calling it a Gregorian date.
	vsg.cape.com /~pbaum/date/date0.htm (352 words)

	Calendopaedia - The Julian Calender
		The first Julian year commenced with the 1st of January of the 46th before the birth of Christ, and the 708th from the foundation of the city.
		Furthermore, the method for calculating the dates for Easter was inaccurate and needed to be refined.
		The solution to problem 2) depended on the fact that it was felt that 21 March was the proper day for vernal equinox (because 21 March was the date for vernal equinox during the Council of Nicaea in AD The Gregorian calendar was therefore calibrated to make that day vernal equinox.
	www.geocities.com /calendopaedia/julian.htm (1229 words)

	Julian Dates
		Many applications (especially mainframe systems) store dates in the Julian format, which is a 5 digit number, consisting of a 2 digit year and a 3 digit day-of-year number.
		If the year digits of the Julian date are less than 30 (i.e., 00 to 29), the date is assumed to be a 2000 century year.
		If the year digits of the Julian date are greater than or equal to 30 (i.e., 30 to 99), the date is assumed to be a 1900 century year.
	www.cpearson.com /excel/jdates.htm (572 words)

	History & info - the Christian calendar (Julian)
		The Julian calendar was introduced by Julius Caesar (bust at right) in 45 B.C.E. Author David Duncan says the Julian calendar was born of Caesar's tryst with Cleopatra.
		Before the Julian calendar was introduced, priests in the Roman Empire exploited the calendar for political ends, inserting days and even months into the calendar to keep the politicians they favored in office.
		The Julian calendar was introduced in 45 BC, but when historians date events prior to that year, they normally extend the Julian calendar backward in time.
	webexhibits.org /calendars/calendar-christian.html (2185 words)

	Julian date - a Whatis.com definition (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		1) Not to be confused with the Julian calendar, a Julian date or day number is the number of elapsed days since the beginning of a cycle of 7,980 years invented by Joseph Scaliger in 1583.
		It is not certain whether the Julian date or day number system was named after Joseph Scaliger's father, Julius Caesar Scaliger, or after the Julian calendar.
		Julian day numbers are widely used in astronomy.
	whatis.techtarget.com /definition/0,,sid9_gci212429,00.html (387 words)

	Calendars and their History
		Inclusion of the Julian calendar is justified by its everyday use in historical studies.
		Under the Julian calendar the dating of Easter had become standardized, using March 21 as the date of the equinox and the Metonic cycle as the basis for calculating lunar phases.
		In historical records, dates were specified by counts of days and years in sexagenary cycles and by counts of years from a succession of eras established by reigning monarchs.
	astro.nmsu.edu /~lhuber/leaphist.html (8496 words)

	Date Algorithms - Julian Day Number to Gregorian or Julian date - Algorithm Development (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The Julian Day Number is converted to the number of days from a base date of March 1 in the year zero.
		Since conversion will be to a Julian date, this base date will be the Julian year zero.
		From Table 2, it can be seen that in order to convert our Julian Day Number to the number of days since March 1 of the year zero in the Julian calendar, 1721117.5 must be subtracted.
	vsg.cape.com /~pbaum/date/injdalg.htm (2540 words)

	Julian Day Numbers
		Julian Day Numbers, or the Julian Date (JD), is the absolute count of days that have elapsed since Noon 1 January 4713 BC on the Julian Calendar, or on what may more strictly be called the Julian "Proleptic" Calendar, meaning the Julian Calendar as applied to an era prior to its actual use.
		The "Scalinger Year" is thus one less than the year of the Julian Period, and may be obtained by adding 4712 instead of 4713 to the year of the AD era.
		Dates on the Julian Calendar are obtained simply by ignoring the factor of the Gregorian Correction.
	www.friesian.com /numbers.htm (1559 words)

	OpenVMS ask the wizard - Calendar (Date) Conversions? (Julian) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		There are no less than three different date-related constructs confusingly all refered to as "Julian": o The Julian Day that is the number of days since Julian Day One began at 12:00 noon, January 1, 4713 BC, this was a construct of Joseph Scaliger and dates to the sixteenth century.
		The Julian date here is a 4 character year followed by a three character day of the year.
		Dates in different formats would have to have the algorithms modified slightly for proper execution, as the command procedures currently only support the DD-MMM-YYYY Gregorian date and the YYYYddd Julian Date.
	h71000.www7.hp.com /wizard/wiz_6046.html (2201 words)

	Jday (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Input dates (3/3/1990) are assumed to be in the Julian Style calendar (which, at the time of this writing, is 13 days behind the Gregorian Style).
		Another was the ``Solar Cycle,'' which is the 28-year frequency of repetition of identical calendars in the Julian Style (1609 has the same calendar as 1637, for example); and the final cycle was the ``Golden Number,'' a 19-year cycle that originally enabled lunar calculations in the Julian Style Calendar (for the date of Easter).
		Once the date is known in the Julian Style calendar, it is a simple matter to convert the year into the Julian Year.
	www.pauahtun.org /ivanlan/jday.1.html (1005 words)

	Modified Julian Dates (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		MJD is a modification of the Julian Date that is routinely used by astronomers, geodesists, and even some historians.
		The Julian Date is simply the extension of the Day Number to include a real fraction of day, allowing a continuous time unit.
		To convert Julian Dates to month/day/year you might wish to use the Julian Day Calculator, a Java-based program that was written by the folks at Numerical Recipes.
	bowie.gsfc.nasa.gov /time (269 words)

	Julian Day and Date Time Calculator
		A Julian date is valid from January 1, 4713 B.C. to present.
		For Financial dates and legal dates, days between dates, days before a date or days after a date, day of the week for a given date in history, involving the last 2 centuries, use the AutoSelect mode.
		In astronomy, a JD (Julian Date) is defined as the contiguous count of days from January 1, 4713 B.C., Greenwich Mean Noon (equal to zero hours UTC).
	www.csgnetwork.com /juliandaydate.html (859 words)

	Xtreme Visual Basic Talk - Julian Date
		Julian dates are the number of days from the start of the Julian Calander to the date you are trying to convert.
		The standard microsoft date format is really just a double representing the number of days since (I think) 1900.
		The whole part of the number is the date (number of days) and the fractional part is the time (fraction of 1 day).
	www.xtremevbtalk.com /showthread.php?t=5733 (295 words)

	HTC: The "Revised" Julian Calendar
		The dates of the feasts of the Church are the same on an Christian Church calendars.
		There is only one JULIAN CALENDAR in the western world the original Julian Calendar was adopted by the Church without correction of its technical errors Then it was refined twice: once by the Church in the West and once by the Church in the East.
		The "ORIGINAL" JULIAN CALENDAR introduced by Julius Caesar dates from 44 B.C. The length of the natural solar year (the time it takes for the earth to make one orbit of the sun) was estimated to be 365 days and 6 hours.
	www.holy-trinity.org /modern/calen3.html (1300 words)

	Julian to Date
		From time-to-time I have noticed, on the various news groups, a request to convert a Julian date to a date.
		Julian dates are represented in the format yyddd, where yy is the year and ddd is the day of the year.
		Julian dates are widely used as time variables within astronomical software." Note that there does seem to be some confusion about this, but given my interest in astronomy, this tends to erk me. What you have shown, IMO, should more properly be called simply, "Day of Year."
	www.buygold.net /v04n09/v04n09.html (396 words)

	Encyclopedia: Julian date (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The Julian day or Julian day number (JDN) is the number of days that have elapsed since 12 noon Greenwich Mean Time (UT or TT) on Monday, January 1, 4713 BC (in the proleptic Julian calendar; or November 24, 4714 BC in the proleptic Gregorian calendar).
		In these particular programs, this date is counted as day 1, instead of day 0, because the year 1900 was erroneously
		For the full Julian Date (divisions are real numbers):
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Julian-date (1243 words)

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