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	Julius Africanus
		Julius Africanus is the father of Christian chronography.
		The statement that Julius Africanus was a bishop does not appear till the fourth century.
		This is directly contradicted by Eusebius in his "Chronicle" (H.E., VI, 31): "Africanus (the author of the 'Chronographia'), writer of the composed Embroideries" (Gk.
	www.catholicity.com /encyclopedia/j/julius_africanus.html (1084 words)

	Sextus Julius Africanus - LoveToKnow 1911
		His terse and pertinent letter to Origen, impugning the authority of the apocryphal book of Susanna, and Origen's wordy and uncritical answer, are both extant.
		The ascription to Africanus of an encyclopaedic work entitled Kestoi (embroidered girdles), treating of agriculture, natural history, military science, andc., has been needlessly disputed on account of its secular and often credulous character.
		Neander suggests that it was written by Africanus before he had devoted himself to religious subjects.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Sextus_Julius_Africanus (304 words)

	Julius - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Julius Caesar Nero, son of Germanicus and Agrippina
		Gaius Julius Antiochus Epiphanes Philopappus, consul and Syrian prince
		The faction House of Julii from the computer game Rome: Total War uses Julius as the family name (loosely based off of the patrician family in ancient Rome).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Julius (146 words)

	Jews for Judaism - Library - Y'Shua: The Jewish Way to Say Jesus
		Africanus speculated that Joseph was the biological son of Jacob (as found in Matthew's genealogy), but was given the name of Heli, Jacob's deceased brother, as his legal geneaology (as found in Luke's genealogy).
		Julius wrote, "Matthan, whose descent is traced to Solomon, begat Jacob, Matthan dying, Melchi, whose lineage is from Nathan, by marrying the widow of the former, had Eli.
		Rosen's misrepresentation of Julius Africanus' speculations is irresponsible.
	www.jewsforjudaism.org /web/bookreviews/yeshuawaytosayjesus.html (3305 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for Julius (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Julius Baer Group Announces 2005 Half-Year Results; Increased Assets under Management Bolster Earnings Base.
		Julius Baer To Withdraw From Institutional Brokerage And Refocus On Asset Management.
		(trail of Julius and Ethel Rosenberg in 1951)
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=Julius&StartAt=41 (866 words)

	Africanus Sextus Julius - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Africanus, Sextus Julius (3rd century AD), early Christian historian and traveler, born in Libya, known for estimating the date of the creation in...
		Caesar, Gaius Julius (100-44 bc), Roman general and statesman, who laid the foundations of the Roman imperial system.
		Julius II (1443-1513), pope (1503-13), whose reign is considered one of the most brilliant in the Renaissance period.
	encarta.msn.com /Africanus_Sextus_Julius.html (123 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Julius Africanus
		Julius Africanus was a bishop does not appear till the fourth century.
		Emmaus in Palestine was restored and called Nikopolis under the direction of "Julius Africanus the writer of the Chronicle".
		Julius Africanus, of whom five books de temporibus [=the Chronography] are extant, accepted a mission for the restoration of the city of
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/08565a.htm (1161 words)

	Sextus Julius Africanus
		What little we know of life of Sextus Julius Africanus can be gleaned from scattered references to his surviving writings and from Eusebius’; Church History.[1] He is remembered primarily for his history of the world in five books (Chronology) and two letters, one to Aristides and the other to Origen.
		Granger, "Julius Africanus and the Library of the Pantheon," Journal of Theological Studies, n.s.
		Rubin Habas, "The Jewish Origin of Julius Africanus," Journal of Jewish Studies 45.1 (1994): 86-91.
	www.earlychurch.org.uk /africanus.php (165 words)

	Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, page 655 (v. 2) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Julius, who desired to be considered the arbiter of the dispute, invited both parties to appear before a council summoned to meet at Rome in the month of June, 341, a proposal gladly accepted by Athanasius, but evaded by his opponents.
		The cause of the former having been fully investigated before this assembly, he and his adherents were declared guiltless of all the crimes with which they had been charged, and were restored to the full exercise of all their rights,—a decision confirmed by the synod of Sar-dica, held a.
		Throughout the struggle, the prelates of the Western churches, in their eagerness for victory, made many most important admissions with regard to the authority of the Roman see, admissions which were carefully noted, and at a subsequent period turned to the best account.
	www.ancientlibrary.com /smith-bio/1763.html (959 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for Africanus,
		Scipio Africanus Major (236–183 bc) (Publius Cornelius Scipio) Roman general in the second of the Punic Wars.
		His aggressive tactics were successful in concluding the second Punic War, firstly by the defeat of the Carthaginians in Spain in 206 and then by the defeat of Hannibal in...
		He was the natural son of Paullus and the adoptive son of Publius Scipio, son of Scipio Africanus the Elder.
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=Africanus,&StartAt=1 (824 words)

	[No title]
		Africanus is merely criticising the possibility that the darkness at the death of Christ was a solar eclipse, and thus a natural rather than a supernatural event--an attack addressed in the Apology of Tertullian, and voiced by the Jews in the Gospel of Nicodemus, which may have been written in the time of Africanus.
		Julius Africanus, born in Jerusalem, was a contemporary and friend of Origen.
		Africanus, as a meticulous historian, would be unlikely to record such events in a document intended for history(not theology), based on his religious presuppositions.
	www.tektonics.org /qt/thallcomp.html (8745 words)

	[No title]
		Scipio Africanus' greatest aspect is that he is a humanatarian and that might have helped in his conquest.
		Africanus had been accused of a secret dealing with Antiochus the Great wherein Africanus, it was alleged, had received a bribe in return for using his influence to Antiochus' benefit.
		Africanus had accompanied his brother Lucius to Asia in the war with Antiochus when Lucius was consul.
	www.strategypage.com /militaryforums/547-1.aspx (3989 words)

	Nabataea.net: Early Bible Chronology
		Julius Africanus (160-240 AD) (Sextus Iulius Africanus) is often called the first true chronologist and the father of Biblical history.
		Julius' chronology is of great importance as it is the first Christian attempt at a universal history, and it soon became the source of later Christian chronography.
		Like Julius Africanus, Eusebius used the years of Abraham, beginning from the supposed date of his birth.
	www.nabataea.net /earlychron.html (1950 words)

	Thallus: an Analysis
		Most scholars have assumed that Africanus is here quoting Phlegon, too, as a witness to the darkness story--although we know for a fact that Phlegon wrote in the 140's AD, and was fond of fantastic stories, so it would not be surprising to find him borrowing this one from Christian literature.
		Africanus has begun a rhetorical argument with the phrase "let it be so," which is otherwise interrupted by interjecting a historical note about Phlegon.
		Africanus may have simply confused himself, or a scribe may have skipped over the KAI DEKATHI, as commonly happens: looking away to write and then returning to the text, seeing the second THI and mistaking it for the first before continuing to copy.
	www.infidels.org /library/modern/richard_carrier/thallus.html (3903 words)

	Thallus the Samaritan - darkness without an eclipse?
		The work has been lost and the only record we have of his writings is through Julius Africanus (AD 221).
		Below Julius Africanus refers to Christ's crucifixion and the darkness that covered the earth prior to his death.
		And it cannot happen at any other time but in the interval between the first day of the new moon and the last of the old, that is, at their junction: how then should an eclipse occur when the moon is almost diametrically opposite the sun?
	www.neverthirsty.org /pp/historicalquotesaboutjesus/thallus.html (262 words)

	George Syncellus/Synkellos, Excerpts from "The Chronography"
		Africanus' chief argument is that Jesus' crucifixion occurred during the celebration of the Passover, that is around the middle of the month of Nisan, when the sun and moon are in opposition.
		Africanus says that at age 77 Jacob came to Mesopotamia, as if he were quoting from scripture.
		This is material quoted from both Julius Africanus, and from Book 1 of the Chronicon of Eusebius, itself using Africanus as a source.
	www.tertullian.org /rpearse/syncellus (2924 words)

	The Ecole Glossary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The author of the first universal chronology by a Christian, Julius Sextus Africanus was born c.
		221, the work was a model for Eusebius, who rejected the millenianism of Julius, and a source for Sozomen and George the Synkellos.
		The organizer of the public library at the Pantheon, Julius wrote the Kestoi (embroideries), a 24-volume encyclopedia dedicated to his patron, Alexander Severus.
	www2.evansville.edu /ECOLEWEB/glossary/juliusa.html (186 words)

	Jacoby and Müller on "Thallus"
		Africanus polemicizes against the expression and concept of the "eclipse," i.e.
		One or more of his works may have survived this burning, or he may have written others before his death in 35 AD (in fact, composing a chronicle would have been a good way to pass his time in exile).
		As is clear even from this passage, the author has copied Julius Africanus word for word (see F 5 a).
	www.infidels.org /library/modern/richard_carrier/jacoby.html (4739 words)

	Sextus Julius Frontinus -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Basketball great Julius Erving, better known as Dr. J, once said of his amazing airborne moves: “It's easy once you learn how to fly.” His flights quickly made him one of basketball's all-time top scorers.
		The first prime minister of an independent Tanganyika, Julius Nyerere was also a leader in the founding of the Organization of African Unity in 1963.
		Controversial and unconventional, U.S. author and educator Julius Lester embraced fl militancy in the social ferment of the 1960s—and later converted to Judaism.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9035498?tocId=9035498 (667 words)

	Jeesus historian henkilönä - Raamatun ulkopuoliset lähteet
		Kolmannella vuosisadalla elänyt kristitty historioitsija Julius Africanus kokosi ja kirjoitti viisiosaisen Maailman historian noin vuonna 220 jkr.
		Julius Africanus viittaa myös toiseen historioitsijaan, Phlegoniin, jonka mukaan Tiberiuksen hallituskaudella täyden kuun aikaan oli täysi auringonpimennys, joka kesti kuudennesta hetkestä yhdeksänteen.
		Julius käyttää ilmausta "tästä pimeydestä" (touto to skotos), mikä antaa ymmärtää, että Thallus yritti selittää pimeyttä, joka liittyi ristiinnaulitsemiseen ja joka oli sen ajan tähtitieteilijöiden kiihkeän pohdinnan kohteena.
	www.nic.fi /~vlahsrk/tekstit/jeesushi.html (1848 words)

	Manetho - Egyptian Chronology
		These sums are quite unusual, since the individual lengths of the reigns of pharaohs DO NOT equal the subsequent sums appended as sums at the end of each Dynasty by Julius Africanus.
		In other words, for the first dynasty, the actual sum of reigns is 263 years but Africanus sums it as 253.
		For the second dynasty, the actual sum is 304, which Africanus sums as 302.
	www.lexiline.com /lexiline/lexi20.htm (652 words)

	The Most Famous Adopted Person in History? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		He quotes a still earlier historian, Julius Africanus, who lived around AD 200.
		According to Africanus, the man Luke lists as Joseph's father, Heli, had died childless.
		Africanus says he got this information from members of the family.
	www.pregnantpause.org /adopt/joseph.htm (448 words)

	Historical Jesus III:C and D: Thyalls and Phlegon.First century historians credit darkness at noon.
		Though the writings of Thallus are lost to us, Julius Africanus, a Christian chronographer of the late second century, was familiar with them and quotes from them.
		In a comment on the darkness that fell upon the land during the crucifixion (Mark 15:33), Africanus says that "Thallus, in the third book of his histories, explains away this darkness as an eclipse of the sun." [F.F. Bruce, The New Testament Documents, Eerdmens, p.
		113.] Africanus stated his objection to the report arguing that an eclipse of the sun cannot occur during the full moon, as was the case when Jesus died at Passover time.
	www.geocities.com /metacrock2000/Jesus_pages/HistJesus5.htm (1575 words)

	bibleteacher.org: New Testament Documents by FF Bruce Contents Page
		Tacitus was in a position to have access to such official information as was available; he was the son-in-law of Julius Agricola, who was governor of Britain in AD 80 to 84.
		It may surely be accounted one of the ironies of history that the only mention Pilate receives from a Roman historian is in connection with the part he played in the execution Jesus.
		The historicity of Christ is as axiomatic for an unbiased historian as the historicity of Julius Caesar.
	www.bibleteacher.org /ffbchp10.htm (1702 words)

	Saint Jerome: Lives of Illustrious Men (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Julius Africanus, whose five volumes On Chronology, are yet extant, in the reign of Marcus Aurelius Antoninus, who succeeded Macrinus, received a commission to restore the city of Emmaus, which afterwards was called Nicopolis.
		There is an epistle of his to Origen, On the question of Susanna, where it is contended that this story is not contained in the Hebrew, and is not consistent with the Hebrew etymology in respect of the play on "prinos and prisai," "schinos and schisai." In reply to this, Origen wrote a learned epistle.
		There is extant another letter of his, To Aristides, in which he discusses at length the discrepancies, which appear in the genealogy of our Saviour, as recorded by Matthew and Luke.
	www.catholic-forum.com /saints/stj06163.htm (120 words)

	Gaius Julius Caesar (100 - 44 BC) : Library of Congress Citations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		vii (Gaius Julius Caesar) Utchenko, S.L. K0ai-sa p0ing chuan, 1986: -- t.p.; t.p.
		Commentaries of C. Julius Caesar, of his warres in Gallia and the civile warres betwixt him and Pompey Notes: His Caesar's civil war with Pompeius, 1906.
		His The commentaries of C. Julius Caesar, of his warres in Gallia, and the civile warres betwixt him and Pompey, 1655.
	www.mala.bc.ca /~mcneil/cit/citlccaesar1.htm (1995 words)

	Extra biblical accounts of Jesus
		Julius Africanus who wrote about AD 221 mentioned Thallus' account of an eclipse of the sun.
		Note that Julius Africanus draws the conclusion that Thallus' mentioning of the eclipse was describing the one at Jesus' crucifixion.
		Julius Africanus, Extant Writings, XVIII in the AnteNicene Fathers, ed.
	www.carm.org /bible/extrabiblical_accounts.htm (967 words)

	New Testament Documents by FF Bruce Chap. 10
		Tacitus was in a position to have access to such official information as was available; he was the son-in-law of Julius Agricola, who was governor of Britain in AD 80 to 84.
		It may surely be accounted one of the ironies of history that the only mention Pilate receives from a Roman historian is in connection with the part he played in the execution Jesus.
		The historicity of Christ is as axiomatic for an unbiased historian as the historicity of Julius Caesar.
	www.worldinvisible.com /library/ffbruce/ntdocrli/ntdocc10.htm (1701 words)

	Evidence for the Resurrection of Jesus Christ!
		Cornelius Tacitus (52-54 A.D.) A Roman historian and Governor of Asia, and son-in-law to Julius Agricola wrote of Jesus’ trial and death.
		However, Julius Africanus disputed the claim because the crucifixion took place during the time of a full moon.
		Unwittingly, Thallus admits that Christ was crucified and that during the crucifixion, it was dark.
	www.uark.edu /~cdm/answers/articles/Resurrection.htm (502 words)

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