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Topic: Julius Constantius

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	Fall of the Roman Empire
		From the outset Constantius was thoroughly occupied in coping with the activities of the Persian King Sapor II.
		Constantius himself was twice present; but it is safe to assume that his officers, not he, were responsible for the military direction.
		Constantius, returning from his inglorious campaign in the east, was taken ill in Cilicia, and died AD There was no civil war.
	www.pccua.edu /keough/fall_of_the_roman_empire.htm (5871 words)

	Constantius Chlorus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Flavius Julius Constantius, like the other emperors of the day, was of poor Danubian family and had worked his way up through the ranks of the army.
		Constantius was the most moderate of the emperors of the tetrarchy of Diocletian in his treatment of the Christians.
		But Constantius finally found a reason to demand the return of his son, when he explained a campaign agaisnt the Picts, who were invading the British provinces, required both his own and his son's leadership.
	www.roman-empire.net /decline/constantiuschlorus.html (829 words)

	The History of the Decline and Fall of The Roman Empire - Vol 2 - Chapter XVIII Part III
		The emperor Constantius, who, in the absence of his brothers, was the most obnoxious to guilt and reproach, discovered, on some future occasions, a faint and transient remorse for those cruelties which the perfidious counsels of his ministers, and the irresistible violence of the troops, had extorted from his unexperienced youth.
		Constantius, who was hurried along in the pursuit, attempted, without effect, to restrain the ardor of his troops, by representing to them the dangers of the approaching night, and the certainty of completing their success with the return of day.
		The behavior of Constantius on this memorable occasion was celebrated with some appearance of justice; and his courtiers compared the studied orations which a Pericles or a Demosthenes addressed to the populace of Athens, with the victorious eloquence which had persuaded an armed multitude to desert and depose the object of their partial choice.
	www.worldwideschool.org /library/books/hst/roman/TheDeclineandFallofTheRomanEmpire-2/chap17.html (5909 words)

	[No title]
		Constantius II received the east dominion, in correspondence with his father's wishes to have his son concern the peril of the eastern Persians.
		Constantius II remained as the sole emperor of the Roman empire.
		Soon Constantius II was needed in the east and he returned to regain the upset in peace caused by the Persian king Sapor II.
	www.bitsofhistory.com /ace/contest_lots/Essay/lot23_1.doc (726 words)

	ConstantiusGallusOV
		Constantius Gallus (Caesar) 351 - 354 A.D. Gallus was born in 325 or 326 AD at Massa Veternensis his father was Julius Constantius the half-brother of the emperor Constantine I.
		When Constantine the Great died one of the first things his three sons (Constantius II, Constantine II and Constans) did was to get together and murder all of their relatives who were considered a threat to the security of their thrones.
		Gallus was not allowed to select his own ministers and Constantius' appointed Thallasius as his praetorian prefect and Montius Magnus as quaestor sacri palatii (responsible for the judicial organization and the passing of laws).
	www.xs4all.nl /~sp88k/Coin/Traveler/Overviews/ConstantiusGallusOV.htm (958 words)

	DIR-Constantius II
		Flavius Julius Constantius, second son of Constantine I and Fausta, was born on 7 August 317 in Illyricum.
		Constantius spent a great deal of his reign on military campaigns; between 337 and 350, he resided in Antioch, between 351-359 he spent much of his time in Sirmium and Mediolanum (Milan), and in 360-361 he lived in Antioch again.
		One of the longest-reigned emperors in Roman history, Constantius is hard for the modern historian to fully understand both due to his own actions and due to the interests of the authors of primary sources for his reign.
	www.roman-emperors.org /constaii.htm (1791 words)

	Constantius II - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Constantius was born in Sirmium (in Illyricum) and named Caesar by his father.
		As the two armies sought engagement, Constantius died from a fever near Tarsus on November 3, 361, and Julian was hailed Augustus throughout the Roman Empire.
		Constantius was pro-Arian in his leanings and took an active part in the affairs of the Christian church — convening one council at Rimini and its twin at Seleuca, which met in 359 and 360.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Constantius_II (931 words)

	Julian's Jabberings - Bio
		Julian's father, Julius Constantius, was the half-brother of the Emperor Constantine.
		Constantius II sent Julian to Gaul to fight the Alamanni and Frank tribes.
		Constantius died before the armies met, and Julian become the sole emperor of Rome.
	www.mindspring.com /~teleri/julian/bio.html (401 words)

	Detail Page
		Fortunately, Constantia, daughter of Constantine and Constantius' sister, convinced the Magister Peditum, Vetranio, to allow himself to be hailed as Augustus, as a counterweight to Magnentius.
		Clearly, as a general, Constantius II possessed remarkable skills, defeating the Frankish king, Silvanus, the Suevi, the Sarmatians, the Quadi and the Persians all in a span of several years.
		Constantius recognized the need to appoint a Caesar who could aid him in ruling regions that he could not visit.
	www.fofweb.com /Onfiles/Ancient/AncientDetail.asp?iPin=ROME0421 (597 words)

	ConstantiusIIOV
		Constantius II 337-361 A.D. Flavius Julius Constantius, second son of Constantine I (The Great) and Fausta, was born on the 7th of August 317 AD in Illyricum.
		Constantius spent a great deal of his reign on military campaigns he spend several of his summers campaigning against the ancient and bitter enemies of the empire, the Persians.
		Constantius had been one of the longest-reigning emperors in Roman history and in the end he was brought down by disease and one of the two people he didn't consider a threat to his throne.
	www.xs4all.nl /~sp88k/Coin/Traveler/Overviews/ConstantiusIIOV.htm (933 words)

	Julian: Emperor religious philosopher
		Julius Constantius and his brother Dalmatius were sons of Constantius Chlorus, prefect of the Praetorium of Maximianus, the August of the west Empire, and of Flavia Maxima Theodora, the daughter of Maximianus.
		On the contrary Constantine was the son of Constantius Chlorus and of Helen, daughter of the owners of a station of change.
		Constantius II had lost a lot of fortresses and had died while he was preparing a new war.
	digilander.libero.it /salustio/livello2-i/giuliano-1-i.htm (2735 words)

	Constantius II, Flavius Julius - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about Constantius II, Flavius Julius
		Throughout his reign Constantius was at war with the Persians, and was often defeated by them, notably in 348.
		In 355 Constantius made his cousin Julian Caesar and commander in Gaul.
		When Julian was proclaimed emperor by his troops in Gaul, Constantius moved west to oppose him, but died near Tarsus in Cilicia.
	encyclopedia.farlex.com /Constantius+II,+Flavius+Julius (202 words)

	Julian - LoveToKnow 1911
		JULIAN (FLAvIUs Claudius Julianus) (331-363), commonly called Julian The Apostate, Roman emperor, was born in Constantinople in 331, 1 the son of Julius Constantius and his wife Basilina, and nephew of Constantine the Great.
		The emperor Constantius and Julian were now the sole surviving male members of the family of Constantine; and, as the emperor again felt himself oppressed by the cares of government, there was no alternative but to call Julian to his assistance.
		At the instance of the empress he was summoned to Milan, where Constantius bestowed upon him the hand of his sister Helena, together with the title of Caesar and, the government of Gaul.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Julian (2678 words)

	Flavius Julius Constantius
		Pope Liberius, however, had not confirmed these decrees, and as he resolutely refused to give his approval he was banished to Ber a in Thrace; several Italian bishops, as well as Hosius of Córdova and Hilary of Poitiers, were also exiled.
		From this time Constantius deposed bishops according to his whims, and appointed in their stead others who were his tools.
		Constantius died of an illness while engaged in a campaign against his nephew Julian; shortly before his death he had been baptized by the Arian Bishop Euzoios.
	www.catholicity.com /encyclopedia/c/constantius,flavius_julius.html (537 words)

	S.P.Q.R. Your Online Antiquities (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Constantius II extinguished many descendants from the second marriage of Constantius Chlorus and Theodora, leaving only Constantine II, Constans, Julian and Julian's half brother Gallus as surviving males related to Emperor Constantine.
		After his brother Constantius Gallus was made Caesar of the East (351) and executed (354) by Constantius II, Julian was called to the emperor in Mediolanum (Milan) and, on 6 November 355, made Caesar of the West and married to Constantius' sister Helena.
		That same June, forces loyal to Constantius II captured the city of Aquileia on the north Adriatic coast, and was subsequently besieged by forces loyal to Julian.
	home.wanadoo.nl /agiardini/286-476/286-35.html (880 words)

	[No title]
		Constantius Il gained control of the empire's eastern areas; his holdings were expanded to include those of his brother, Constans I, after he was killed in 350 by Magnentians.
		Constantius II was on his way to subdue this rebellion when he died on November 3, 361 at Mopsucrenae in Cilicia (modem day Armenia).
		In the writings of Ammianus, Constantius is described as an adept ruler and general, but also as somewhat indecisive and as one who was easily swayed by his wives and members of his court It should also be noted that Constantius II was a dedicated Christian.
	www.bitsofhistory.com /ace/contest_lots/Essay/lot34_1.doc (804 words)

	ROMANORVM - Biographies
		Constantius II was the middle son of Constantine, and the longest living.
		Constantius defeated Magnentius and ruled the empire as a whole for some time before deciding that he needed a successor and a partner.
		Constantius, jealous of his cousin's success, demanded Julian hand over some troops to help him against a Persian threat in the East.
	www.romanorum.com.au /who.asp?whoid=57 (244 words)

	The Decline And Fall Of The Roman Empire XVIII (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Those who occasionally mention the education or talents of Constantius allow that he excelled in the gymnastic arts of leaping and running; that he was a dexterous archer, a skilful horseman, and a master of all the different weapons used in the service either of the cavalry or of the infantry.
		The emperor Constantius, who, in the absence of his brothers, was the most obnoxious to guilt and reproach, discovered, on some future occasions, a faint and transient remorse for those cruelties which the perfidious counsels of his ministers and the irresistible violence of the troops, had extorted from his inexperienced youth.
		Constantius, who was hurried along in the pursuit, attempted, without effect, to restrain the ardour of his troops, by representing to them the dangers of the approaching night, and the certainty of completing their success with the return of day.
	www.ccel.org /gibbon/decline/volume1/chap18.htm (11213 words)

	Constantius I Chlorus - Roman Emperor
		Constantius Chlorus was one of the original four Tetrarchs and was destined to replace Maximianus as emperor after twenty years.
		In the summer of 293 Constantius expelled the troops of the usurper Carausius from northern Gaul.
		Constantius and Galerius, as their Caesars, then donned the purple, with Severus II and Maximinus Daia as the new Caesars.
	www.unrv.com /emperors/constantius-I-chlorus.php (631 words)

	Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, page 644 (v. 2) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		He was the son of Julius Constantius by his second wife, Basilina, the grandson of Constantius Chlorus by his second wife, Theodora, and the nephew of Constantine the Great.
		However, they received a careful and learned education, and were brought up in the principles of the Christian religion : their teachers were Nicocles Luco, a grammarian, and Ecebolus, a rhetorician, who acted under the superintendence of the eunuch Mardo-nius, probably a pagan in secret, and of Eusebius, an Arian, afterwards bishop of Nicomedeia.
		Constantius was satisfied with removing Julian from Asia to Italy, and kept him for some time in close confinement at Milan, where he lived surrounded by spies, and in constant fear of sharing the fate of his brother.
	www.ancientlibrary.com /smith-bio/1752.html (786 words)

	Roman Emperors - DIR Constantius I
		Constantius, as had his predecessor, ruled in the west, while Galerius and Daia ruled in the east.
		, 640), Gaius Valerius Constantius (ibid, 649), and Gaius Fabius Constantius (ibid.
		Constantius' date of birth, homeland, and career: Michael DiMaio, Zonaras' Account of the Neo-Flavian Emperors: A Commentary, (Ph.D diss., University of Missouri-Columbia, 1977), 97-98, nn 11-14; Constantius as Maxiamianus' Praetorian prefect: T.D. Barnes, Constantine and Eusebius,, (Cambridge, 1980), 3, 7-8, New Empire of Diocletian and Constantine, (Cambridge, 1981), 36-37.
	www.roman-emperors.org /chlorus.htm (687 words)

	Detail Page
		He was born at Constantinople, the son of Julius Constantius, half-brother of Constantine the Great, and Basilina, daughter of the governor of Egypt.
		In 342, however, the cautious Constantius II moved both Julian and Gallus to Nicomedia and then to a villa in Macellum, in Cappadocia.
		Another summons arrived in 355, however, and he was informed that he had been chosen by Constantius to be elevated to the rank of Caesar.
	www.fofweb.com /Onfiles/Ancient/AncientDetail.asp?iPin=ROME0857 (919 words)

	ST. JULIUS I (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The Arians asked Julius to hold a synod to decide the case, but when in 341 Julius actually did convene it, they refused to attend.
		Julius informed the Arians at Alexandria of this decision and let them know that he was displeased at their uncooperative attitude.
		Pope Julius, delighted, wrote a letter to the people of Alexandria, congratulating them on the return of their true bishop.
	www.cfpeople.org /Books/Pope/POPEp35.htm (448 words)

	Constantius II (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		On his father's death (337) Constantius was given the eastern provinces of the Roman Empire and became involved in a war with Shapur II, Sassanid king of Persia.
		When his younger brother, the Western emperor Constans I, was murdered by a usurper, Magnentius, in 350, Constantius led an army into the Balkans, where he defeated Magnentius at the Battle of Mursa (modern Osijek, Croatia) and became (351) sole ruler of the empire.
		Constantius favoured the Arian form of Christianity, and was an opponent of St Athanasius, the orthodox bishop of Alexandria.
	www.uni-klu.ac.at /archeo/chrono/const2.htm (294 words)

	Julius Constantius - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		His father died on July 25, 306 when Julius Constantius was either a child or an adolescent.
		His half-brother favored Julius Constantius by naming him a patrician and by appointing him consul in 335.
		When Constantine died on May 22, 337, Julius Constantius was in position to claim the throne for himself.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Julius_Constantius (242 words)

	reagenealogy - pafn177 - Generated by Personal Ancestral File (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Flavius Julius Constantius, Roman emperor, son of Constantine I. When the empire was divided (337) at the death of Constantine, Constantius II was given rule over Asia Minor, Syria, and Egypt, while his brothers, Constans I and Constantine II, received other portions.
		Constantius died in the Persian campaign in Cilicia, naming Julian as his successor.
		A confirmed Arian, Constantius vigorously repressed paganism and was involved in a struggle with St. Athanasius.
	members.cox.net /garyrea/pafn177.htm (161 words)

	New Catholic Dictionary: Julian the Apostate; Flavius Claudius Julianus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		He was a son of Julius Constantius, the half-brother of Constantine the Great.
		In 355 he was presented to the army as Caesar and he married Helena, sister of the Emperor Constantius, who was his cousin, and was sent as Governor to Gaul.
		Constantius died on the way to meet him, in 361; Julian advanced in triumph to Constantinople, and immediately ordered a return to pagan worship and issued many decrees against Christians.
	www.catholic-forum.com /Saints/ncd04491.htm (151 words)

	[No title]
		By 353 Constantius II was ruler of an undivided empire.
		Constantius, however, realized the difficulty of ruling the entire empire by himself and he sought a co-emperor.
		Constantius next turned to Gallus' younger brother Julian, who was named Caesar in 355 (at age 23).
	isthmia.osu.edu /teg/hist50303/lre08.htm (2665 words)

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