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Topic: Jumblatt Family of Lebanon

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	Kamal Jumblatt Summary
		Kamal Jumblatt (1917-1977) was a distinguished ideologue and Druze leader in Lebanese politics who was considered the father of the contemporary Left in Lebanon despite his feudal background.
		Kamal Jumblatt was born in Mukhtarah, Lebanon, in 1917.
		Jumblatt had organized his own PSP into an armed force, and made it the backbone of the Lebanese National Movement (LNM), a coalition of left-wing Lebanese demanding the abolition of the sectarian quota system that permeated Lebanese politics, which discriminated against Muslims.
	www.bookrags.com /Kamal_Jumblatt (2521 words)

	Jumblatt Family of Lebanon - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Jumblatt Family (جنبلاط in Arabic, also transliterated as Joumblatt, Junblat and Junblatt) is an influential Druze family who settled in the Lebanon mountains (coming from Syria) around the 15-16th century, fleeing persecution from the Ottoman governor.
		To this day, Walid Jumblatt remains the principal leader of the Druzes (an influential religious community found in the Middle East, known for its internal solidarity, the alleged highly spiritual and philosophical orientation, and its influential position in Lebanese politics).
		His father, Kamal Jumblatt, a major political, cultural, and philosophical figure of the Middle-East, was assassinated in 1977 at the hand of Syrian agents in the Lebanese mountains.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Jumblatt_Family_of_Lebanon (341 words)

	Dossier: Walid Jumblat (May 2001)
		Bashir's son, Said Beik Jumblatt, tried to reestablish the leadership of the Jumblatts, but was accused of fueling sectarian conflict between the Druze and the Maronites by the Ottomans, who sentenced him to life in prison, where he died of tuberculosis in 1861.
		Jumblatt's political inheritance was shaky from the start, as he lacked the political stature, experience, and charisma of his late father.
		Jumblatt, however, was unwilling to dispense with the newfound popularity among the population at large that came with his public criticism of Syria.
	www.meib.org /articles/0105_ld1.htm (3506 words)

	Lebanon (08/05)
		Lebanon is a parliamentary democracy in which the people constitutionally have the right to change their government.
		Lebanon embarked on a massive reconstruction program in 1992 to rebuild the country’s physical and social infrastructure devastated by both the long civil war (1975-90) and the Israeli occupation of the south (1978-2000).
		Lebanon concluded negotiations on an association agreement with the European Union in late 2001, and both sides initialed the accord in January 2002.
	www.state.gov /r/pa/ei/bgn/35833.htm (6227 words)

	Blog: Help the people of Lebanon win their independence
		Lebanon may be the only place in the world where you can buy a necklace with a Christian cross and a Muslim crescent moon fused together as one.
		"Lebanon’s tragedy is that instead of creating The Greater Beirut, we came up with The Greater Mount Lebanon...Lebanon’s tragedy was that the city was never able to impose its political role, and that instead, the old rivalries of the mountain took over the life of the country.
		And so began Lebanon's plunge into the hell of civil war that pulverized the city center to powder and carved the rest of Beirut (and the rest of the country) into besieged ethnic cantons ruled by militias.
	www.spiritofamerica.net /lebanonblog (8173 words)

	For Lebanon (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Opposition leader Walid Jumblatt made clear after talks with Sfeir, who favors the smallest possible voting districts that he was acting on international advice to meet Berri and pro-Syrian loyalists to ensure the elections are not torpedoed.
		Jumblatt who met Patriarch Sfeir, accused President Emile Lahoud and the quote Syria's men of exploiting the current atmosphere to outbid the opposition and instigate tensions with Christians.
		Jumblatt, after meeting the wife of the imprisoned opposition figure, called on former Prime Minister Omar Karami to drop his lawsuit against Geaga that alleged he was behind the assassination of his brother the late Prime Minister Rashid Karami.
	www.forlebanon.net /articles.php?start=310 (3265 words)

	USCFL - Open Letter to Druze "Warlord" Walid Jumblatt
		Jumblatt, you disappoint me; simply because I had much higher aspirations for you and because I thought you knew me much better.
		I fully understand that the rapprochement that you tried to open towards the Christian Community in Lebanon was a Syrian red line, but it doesn't justify your attacks on the Christian figures that want the best of relations with the Druze community of Lebanon such as my family.
		We all are continuing the march of Kamal Jumblatt, Bashir Gemayel,Hassan Khaled and Rene Mouawad.
	www.freelebanon.org /articles/a312.htm (764 words)

	The moody Druze: Walid Jumblatt knows which way the wind is blowing Weekly Standard, The - Find Articles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		A thin, stylishly dressed man in his mid-50s, Jumblatt has large, sad eyes and hunched shoulders that are expressive vehicles for articulating both his frequent wit and displeasure, and now it seems as though his body is letting out a small sigh of frustration.
		Jumblatt and his Progressive Socialist party first broke with Syria over the decision by Damascus last September to extend by three years the term of Lebanese president Emile Lahoud.
		Whatever that future holds for Lebanon and the rest of the Arab world, the new alliances created and the old ones dashed by the forces now at work in the Middle East suggest that the region can no longer be understood in terms of the bipolar dynamic that has long dominated Middle East political discourse.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0RMQ/is_24_10/ai_n13503295 (786 words)

	lebanon
		Tueni was a well-known opponent of Syrian interference in Lebanon.
		Lebanon's Michel Aoun, who only returned home last month after 14 years in exile, was poised for a remarkable political comeback last night according to preliminary results in the third round of parliamentary elections, said the Daily Star.
		Lebanon's debt was equivalent to 160.7% of its gross domestic product (GDP) at the end of last year, and the country also has structurally high budget deficits, placing constraints on the private sector.
	www.usrom.com /Countries/lebanon.htm (5782 words)

	Free Lebanon - Jumblatt joins chorus against Syrian presence
		Druze leader Walid Jumblatt stunned Parliament on Friday with an uncompromising demand for a redeployment of Syrian forces in Lebanon and a call for a general reappraisal of ties between the two countries.
		But, Jumblatt noted, “freedom of opinion is sacred” and cannot be suppressed in the name of national reconciliation.
		On refugees, Abi Nasr complained that Hariri already “gave Lebanese nationality to a large portion of Palestinians in Lebanon, in spite of the Constitution and Lebanese law.” He was referring to the naturalization decree issued in 1994, when Hariri was premier.
	www.generalaoun.org /nov4-04.html (965 words)

	FDD: Lebanon (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		In today's Family Security Matters, J. Peter Pham questions the role of the Lebanese government in the current conflict in the Middle East and whether a government that includes Hezbollah can even be a responsible interlocutor, much less partner, in resolving the crisis.
		Sources in Lebanon revealed that a key figure in the plot was a Lebanese national, who had been arrested in Lebanon on April 27, 2007 upon the request of US authorities.
		It is thanks to the UNSCR 1559 and the courageous response of the Lebanese masses on March 14, 2005 to the assassination of former Prime Minister Hariri on February 14 and the pro-Syrian demonstration by Hizbollah on March 8, that the Cedars Revolution broke the wall of fear from Syrian repression.
	fdd.typepad.com /fdd/lebanon/index.html (9343 words)

	OpinionJournal - Featured Article
		Jumblatt's collection of bulky socialist realist canvases, after visiting his mountain palace at Mukhtara, where Lebanon's paramount Druze leader spends much time these days: "It was impossible for me to know if these paintings were there as an exquisite postmodern irony, or as an involuntary homage to kitsch, or because he really liked them."
		Jumblatt tells me. And that's why he plainly feels that American ambitions are likely to crash against the reality on the ground.
		Jumblatt, have implied that Hezbollah's abduction of two Israelis soldiers was irresponsible, which many of the group's faithful deem to be a stab in the back.
	www.opinionjournal.com /editorial/feature.html?id=110008721 (1789 words)

	Ya Libnan \| Lebanon's Elections: Facts and figures \| Live News from Lebanon
		The president of Lebanon according to the Mithaq Alwatani (unwritten amendment to the constitution) and according to the Taif Accord should be a Maronite Christian.
		Hezbollah's support to Jumblatt in Baabda - Aley district, which was dubbed "the mother of all battles", was a key factor behind Jumblatt's victory.
		The prime minister in Lebanon according to the Mithaq Alwatani (unwritten amendment to the consitution) and according to the Taif Accord, should be a Sunnite Moslem.
	yalibnan.com /site/archives/2005/06/lebanons_electi_2.php (1651 words)

	USCFL - The Saudi-Syrian Silent Takeover of Lebanon
		I believe that they can, that a new agenda is possible, based on principles of inclusiveness, a reconnection of the social and the economic, and a determination to ensure that everyone in Lebanon has access to justice.
		Walid Jumblatt, the Chouf warlord, is probably one of the most skillful players at this game.
		So it is imperative that we ensure that the perpetrators of injustices be held to account, and that their victims have redress.
	www.freelebanon.org /articles/a295.htm (831 words)

	Lebanon's Jumblatt Fears He May Be Target
		MUKHTARA, Lebanon - Walid Jumblatt, the most prominent anti-Syrian voice in Lebanon, is holed up in his ancestral mountain palace, planning strategy with his allies behind its high gates, out of fear he may be marked for assassination like his late ally, the former prime minister killed in a bomb blast.
		Jumblatt, a Druse warlord turned politician, is even reported to have packed off his 22-year-old son to France to ensure a survivor from his immediate family to carry his mantle if he is killed.
		Lebanon is a very feudalistic country which breaks down along village and tribal lines.
	www.freerepublic.com /focus/f-news/1352465/posts (495 words)

	Dickey: Is Lebanon’s Jumblatt the Next Target? - Newsweek Christopher Dickey - MSNBC.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		But as Jumblatt stood behind a bullet-proof barrier before the hundreds of thousands of people who filled Martyrs’ Square in the Lebanese capital today, it struck me as I watched on television that this wild-looking, straight-talking, passionate, calculating, eccentric hereditary leader of the small Druze religious sect deserves not only our attention but our hearts.
		Jumblatt has spent most of the last year in the partially restored family castle at Mokhtara, high in the Shouf Mountains.
		For whatever complicated reasons, Hariri and Jumblatt and those closest to them came to the conclusion that freedom was the future, and Jumblatt is hanging on to that vision no matter what.
	www.msnbc.msn.com /id/11351325/site/newsweek (1067 words)

	Twilight of Lebanon's liberals \| Salon News
		The leader of Lebanon's Druze sect was never an upbeat kind of guy at the best of times.
		Even during the height of Lebanon's Cedar Revolution, which he helped to engineer, the Sorbonne-educated Marty Feldman look-alike wore an expression of eternal exasperation.
		Jumblatt is haunted by dark visions of what Lebanon will become once Israel has finished bombing his country to smithereens.
	www.salon.com /news/feature/2006/08/07/jumblatt/index_np.html (333 words)

	Lebanonwire.com \| How Lebanon can avoid a political crisis
		Prophecies of an impending civil war were left unfulfilled with one and a half to two million people demonstrating their allegiance to the Gemayel family in one of the largest funerals in history.
		However, one impressive and well-organized funeral and a murder of a minister from an elite family will not put an end to the political conflict that emerged in recent weeks.
		He is also sure he can outdo the rhetoric of Amin Gemayel and Walid Jumblatt, who called on the public to begin a new independence intifada, though the previous intifada in Lebanon, which was sparked by the murder of Rafik al-Hariri and resulted in the eviction of the Syrians, has not died down entirely.
	www.lebanonwire.com /0611MLN/06112406HZ.asp (495 words)

	FT.com / In depth - Fighting ‘has sunk hope of a free Lebanon’ (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Walid Jumblatt, leader of the most powerful clan in Lebanon’s Druze community, said on Tuesday the conflict between Israel and Hizbollah guerrillas had dealt a fatal blow to Lebanese hopes of a strong independent state, free of Iranian and Syrian influence.
		Mr Jumblatt has shrewdly navigated the ups and downs of Lebanon’s treacherous politics, gaining influence beyond the weight of his Druze community, a breakaway sect from Shia Islam that makes up around 10 per cent of the population.
		At that time, Mr Jumblatt held out hope that a new wave of democratic activism was sweeping the Arab world.
	www.ft.com /cms/s/7f991d98-217e-11db-b650-0000779e2340.html (683 words)

	The Arabist » Lebanon
		Also, while Gemayel’s family is one of the most important of the Christian Maronite faction, it is also one of the most controversial and is unpopular in some areas of the Christian community.
		While his family is responsible for some of the worst episodes of the civil war, he was too young to have been part of them.
		Lebanon and Iraq are beginning to look like a giant fire sale, with Iran buying everything in sight, including the matches.
	arabist.net /archives/category/lebanon (2985 words)

	Syria's grip on Lebanon tested \| csmonitor.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Jumblatt has emerged as the most vocal opponent of Syria's long-running hegemony over Lebanon, at a time when Damascus is under mounting pressure from the United Nations and Washington to stop meddling in the affairs of its tiny neighbor.
		In an ominous portent of the anticipated crackdown on opponents to Lahoud's rule, Marwan Hamade, former minister and a close friend of Jumblatt, was badly wounded and his bodyguard killed earlier this month by a car bomb.
		The bombing was seen as a signal to Jumblatt to curb his rhetoric.
	www.csmonitor.com /2004/1025/p06s01-wome.html (1128 words)

	FOXNews.com - Lebanese Gov't Resigns Amid Protests - U.S. & World
		A series of protests have shaken Lebanon since Hariri, the nation's most prominent politician, was killed by a bomb in Beirut Feb. 14.
		Druse opposition leader Walid Jumblatt, responding to Assad's published remarks, said Lebanon "cannot wait for peace to be achieved" in the Middle East and demanded a speedy troop withdrawal.
		Lahoud's six-year term was renewed in September by Parliament, under apparent Syrian pressure, in defiance of a U.N. resolution that demanded Lebanon hold presidential elections and the withdrawal of Syrian troops.
	www.foxnews.com /story/0,2933,148962,00.html (1421 words)

	CNN.com - Bomb kills anti-Syria politician - Jun 21, 2005
		That movement was heavily influenced by prominent anti-Syrian journalist Samir Kassir, who was killed June 2 during the election period.
		He was a columnist for the Lebanese daily newspaper An Nahar, a publication often critical of Syrian influence in Lebanon.
		On Monday, opposition leader Hariri said his anti-Syrian camp had emerged as the winner in Lebanon's parliamentary elections.
	www.cnn.com /2005/WORLD/meast/06/21/lebanon.blast (571 words)

	FRONTLINE/WORLD . Lebanon - The Earthquake . Watch \| PBS
		She finds the capital strangely calm and unaware of the turmoil next door in Lebanon.
		In Damascus, Seelye visits an old family friend and former government advisor who tells her that the Syrian regime has been shaken by recent events and is afraid of reprisals from the United States.
		Seelye also visits with Druze leader Walid Jumblatt and asks the bellwether of Lebanese politics about the most sensitive issue of reform: the disarming of the Islamic militant group Hezbollah.
	www.pbs.org /frontlineworld/stories/lebanon402/watch.html (175 words)

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