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Topic: Juncos

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	Juncos, Puerto Rico - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Juncos is one of the 78 municipalities of Puerto Rico, founded by the Tomás Pizarro's request on August 2, 1797.
		Juncos is located in the eastern part of the island.
		Juncos and its barrios, United States Census Bureau
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Juncos,_Puerto_Rico (95 words)

	Manuel Fernández Juncos - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Manuel Fernández Juncos (December 11, 1846 - August 18, 1928) was a distinguished Puerto Rican journalist, poet, author and humanitarian who wrote the official lyrics to La Borinqueña, the country's national anthem.
		Juncos was born in Tresmonte, a section of Ribadesella, Asturias, Spain.
		Fernández Juncos wrote the current lyrics to "La Borinqueña" which originally was a danza written by Francisco Ramirez in 1860 (sometimes credited to Felix Astol Artés in 1867).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Manuel_Fern%C3%A1ndez_Juncos (436 words)

	Entertaining Ground Feeding Juncos at Wild Birds Forever
		Dark-eyed juncos are the primary visitor to backyards in the east and are identified as dark slate gray on the head with a distinctive white underbelly.
		Juncos are primarily ground feeders, and enjoy the millet found in mixed bird seed, sunflower hearts and cracked corn spread on the ground or in a platform feeder.
		Juncos are particularly fond of the seeds from cosmos and zinnia.
	www.birdsforever.com /junco.html (455 words)

	Dark-eyed Junco (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Dark-eyed Juncos are between 5 to 6.6 inches (13-17 cm) in length.
		This junco has 2 distinct white wing bars that are formed by the white tips of greater and median secondary coverts.
		The flanks are rusty or cinnamon, and the belly is white.
	birds.cornell.edu /BOW/DEJU (429 words)

	Dark-eyed Juncos
		Juncos prefer to feed on the ground, eating seeds of grasses and weeds.
		Adult female Juncos have brownish edging to secondary feathers and greater coverts, and a grayish edging to outer greater and primary coverts.
		Juncos color banded here at Chipper Woods in Central Indiana over the last three winters wander around the Indianapolis area, but non have not been observed to return in subsequent years.
	www.wbu.com /chipperwoods/photos/junco.htm (638 words)

	The snowbird chorale -- Wisconsin Natural Resources magazine -- October 2004
		Juncos twitter in the fall and winter chorus.
		Juncos get down to the business of breeding quickly, constructing a well-hidden nest in a grass-lined depression on the ground.
		Perhaps you may see a junco with a fl head and breast, reddish back, white belly and buff flanks or maybe a light gray junco with white wing bars.
	www.wnrmag.com /stories/2004/oct04/junco.htm (605 words)

	All About Birds
		Juncos are the "snowbirds" of the middle latitudes.
		The "Oregon junco" is boldly marked flish and brown, with a distinct dark hood, and is found in the western half of the continent.
		Two other forms may be distinguishable: the "pink-sided junco," a pale version of the Oregon junco, living in the northern Rocky Mountains, and the "red-backed junco," a gray-headed junco with a dark upper bill, found in mountains near the Mexican border.
	www.birds.cornell.edu /programs/AllAboutBirds/BirdGuide/Dark-eyed_Junco.html (390 words)

	WBU Education - Dark-eyed Junco
		Dark-eyed Juncos are often called “Snowbirds,” possibly due to the fact that they are more likely to visit feeding stations during snowy periods.
		Juncos spend the entire winter in flocks averaging in size from six to thirty or more birds.
		Juncos, along with some other members of the sparrow family, practice an interesting foraging method called “riding.” They fly up to a seed cluster on the top of a grass stem and “ride” it to the ground where they pick off the seeds while standing on it.
	www.wbu.com /edu/junco.htm (290 words)

	Cleveland Seniors \| Cleveland \| Bird watching \| Junco
		In northeastern Ohio, the only area in the state where dark-eyed juncos nest regularly, the preferred habitat for the birds is wet woods of mature hemlock and deciduous trees with plenty of undergrowth (Peterjohn, 1991).
		Dark-eyed juncos usually nest on the ground in a spot sheltered by roots, rocks, tussocks or branches.
		I observed an adult junco on the eggs on the thirteenth but was unable to determine just how long incubation had been going on.
	www.clevelandseniors.com /entertainment/juncos.htm (721 words)

	Link To Puerto Rico.com - Juncos
		In 1782 the inhabitants of the Juncos (HOON-kos) area requested of the secular and ecclesiastical courts the transfer of the Parochial Church that was located in Las Piedras to the Juncos area.
		The request for the formation of the new town of Juncos was accepted by the government and on August 3, 1792 the temporary governor Don Francisco Torralba issued the order for the town to be founded.
		Juncos throughout the years, has been improving as a city for the benefit of its people, forming customs and traditions paced with the times.
	www.linktopr.com /juncos_e.html (1011 words)

	The Juncos -- February 1973
		The Juncos (genus Junco) are members of the largest family of North American birds, the Fringilidae, which includes the grosbeaks, finches, sparrows and buntings.
		The Gray-Headed Junco (Junco caniceps), nests in Utah Mountains.
		Approximately two dozen juncos are feeding this winter on wild bird seed and suet at this writer's feeders.
	www.geocities.com /naturenotes/juncos.htm (647 words)

	Juncos - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Juncos, town on the island of Puerto Rico, administration center for the district of Juncos.
		The town is located in a valley in eastern Puerto Rico,...
		Junco, common name for three finch species that are particularly adept at cracking open seeds.
	ca.encarta.msn.com /Juncos.html (68 words)

	Juncos - Search Results - ninemsn Encarta
		Juncos, town on the island of Puerto Rico, and the administrative centre for the district of Juncos.
		The town is located in a valley in eastern...
		Junco, common name for three North American finch species that are particularly adept at cracking open seeds.
	au.encarta.msn.com /Juncos.html (78 words)

	Wildlife: Juncos signal an end to winter (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Juncos, or snowbirds as they're often called, define the end of winter and the onset of spring for observant nature watchers.
		Juncos are among the easiest feeder birds to identify.
		When juncos head north in April, their instincts shift from winter survival to reproduction.
	www.post-gazette.com /pg/05058/463495.stm (643 words)

	Bird Watcher's General Store
		Juncos are one of the most abundant birds at feeders throughout the country, yet this common bird has caused a fair amount of confusion in the birding world.
		People who are lucky enough to have a winter flock of juncos sometimes refer to them by the folksy name of "snow birds", meaning birds that arrive with the snowy weather.
		Even though juncos spend their winters together in flocks, they are not always at peace with each other.
	www.birdwatchersgeneralstore.com /juncos2.htm (622 words)

	SURVIVAL RATES OF RETURNED WHITE-WINGED JUNCOS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		We must stress that the high survival rates represented by the study are applicable to only the recaptured juncos and that the rates must not be interpreted as representative of survival patterns for the total population of White-winged Juncos in the Black Hills.
		The adjusted mean survival rate for recaptured juncos at Station A is 63%; at Station B it is 93%, and for the combined stations the rate is 73%.
		The White-winged Junco (Junco hyemalis aikeni) is a common permanent resident of the Black Hills region of South Dakota.
	elibrary.unm.edu /sora/JFO/v047n04/p0301-p0305.html (3104 words)

	Ripples from the Dunes: Juncos
		Juncos are the familiar slate-gray, sparrow sized birds with white outer tail feathers.
		A recent publication, discussing the winter ranges of the juncos, states the males tend to winter farther north than the females.
		Several reasons are projected: males, being larger than females, are better able to cope with the cold as their larger body size would give them an advantage of being able to go without food longer during severe conditions.
	www.woodlanddunes.com /ripples_arch_101401.html (526 words)

	Occurance and Identification of Oregon and Pink-sided Juncos in Eastern North America
		Juncos similar to the bird(s) that Mark Szantyr has posted on the Surfbirds website are known from Virginia, at least in recent times, and I've seen a few while working the junco flocks, but very few in the case of the second image posted (Feb 02).
		Juncos interbreed extensively in their broad areas of overlap, and it's basically impossible to say that such-and-such an individual is pure.
		Importantly, not all juncos showing browinsh side coloration are cismontanus (females of nominate hyemalis oftenhave their plumage, including their sides, heavily suffused with brown)--thekey feature distinguishing cismontanus females is a fairly sharp demarcation between browish sides and a gray hood.
	www.oceanwanderers.com /JuncoID.html (17030 words)

	NE Wild Birdfood - Bird of the Month (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Juncos breed in Canada and the Northern United States, migrating to more southern areas in the winter.
		Female juncos tend to migrate farther south than do male juncos, so the farther south you live, females are more likely to outnumber the males.
		Dark-eyed juncos are ground feeders, eating mostly insects during the summer, and seeds during the winter.
	www.newildbirdfood.com /botm-temp.epl?summary_id=25 (627 words)

	Birds of Nova Scotia - Dark-eyed Junco (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		In summer, juncos feed mainly on insects but in winter their staple fare is weed seeds.
		The junco is most readily identified in life by its white outer tail feathers, conspicuous in flight.
		The subspecies nesting in Nova Scotia is Junco hyemalis hyemalis, once known as the "Slate-colored Junco." From time to time vagrant individuals of the group of subspecies once recognized as a separate species, the "Oregon Junco," have been reported here and elsewhere in eastern North America.
	museum.gov.ns.ca /mnh/nature/nsbirds/bns0382.htm (699 words)

	Dark-eyed Juncos (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The "Slate-colored" Junco is the race, or subspecies, we see here in the eastern U.S. Nowadays, juncos aren't as carefully scrutinized because a sighting of one of the western races (formerly separate species) don't "count." Even so, many birders will still report another race (most often the "Oregon" Junco) here in our area.
		As in White-winged Juncos, the three outer tail feathers and about 70% of the fourth of our bird were white, whereas Slate-colored Juncos usually have the only the two outer tail feathers completely white, with the third being partially white.
		The more juncos you study, the more likely it will be that you will be able to make an intelligent assessment of plumage characteristics, and add to what we know about the races and plumages of these regular dooryard visitors.
	www.umd.umich.edu /dept/rouge_river/junco.html (878 words)

	Wildlife: Juncos nyjer seed converts (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Some said their juncos were cleaning up the nyjer that fell to the ground beneath elevated feeders.
		Clearly, juncos are considered ground feeders that occasionally take nyjer seeds that have fallen to the ground.
		It's really not that big a leap -- juncos perch readily on small twigs and branches, so discovering how to use a small perch on a finch tube may be a natural example of "Eureka!" learning.
	www.post-gazette.com /pg/05065/466940.stm (656 words)

	Junco Winter Flock Behavior
		Juncos are one of the most common winter visitors to bird feeders and fun to watch because of their interesting social behavior.
		Juncos tend to winter in the same area year after year, so chances are the birds that arrive at your feeder are the same birds that were there last winter.
		Not all of the birds are together all of the time so you may see varying numbers of juncos.
	www.stokesbirdsathome.com /birding/behav/behavpages/behav110.html (363 words)

	phorum - IDFrontiers - [BIRDWG01] Juncos (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Odd-looking, brown-flanked juncos in the East (call them what you will) almost always show darker, richer, browner heads that are relatively uniform across the lores, and that blend with brownish tones on the back, bib, and flanks.
		Similarly, female Pacific Oregon Juncos generally show darker, browner, and more uniform faces (although in these birds, contrast is usually evident between the head on the one hand, and the back and flanks on the other).
		Finally, it must be acknowledged that in a group as complex as the juncos, it might be impossible to rule out really oddball scenarios, such as Gray-headed X mearnsi or Gray-headed X Oregon.
	www.surfbirds.com /phorum/read.php?f=51&i=1955&t=1955 (2813 words)

	Juncos (Puerto Rico) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The bulrush with red flowers refers to the name of the town (bulrush plants are called "juncos" in Spanish).
		Juncos seem to be birds ("Junco" = "reed", Santiago Dotor), but the drawing on the flag looks like a plant.
		The plant in the top of the flag is called espigas de juncos colocadas.
	www.crwflags.com /fotw/flags/pr-jc.html (430 words)

	SDNHM Bird Atlas Project: Wrenderings
		The Dark-eyed Junco is a common wintering bird in the city of San Diego, frequently seen in city parks, suburban yards, and university campuses.
		In 1983, however, a small flock of juncos was discovered foraging and breeding on the campus of the University of California, San Diego--an urban habitat more than 60 km from the species' nearest natural breeding habitat in the mountains of the Cleveland National Forest.
		Similarly, the junco's song--heard from January until August--is among the most commonly heard sounds on campus: long after the other breeding birds have stopped singing, it is easy to hear the high trill of a male junco, singing atop a building or on a low tree branch.
	www.sdnhm.org /research/birdatlas/wrenderings/00winter.html (701 words)

	Juncos (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Western juncos invaded the area during the winter of '00-'01.
		For example 2 Slate-colored (Junco hyemalis hyemalis), 1 Oregon (J.
		Gray-headed Junco was also reported from the area.
	nctexasbirding.com /juncos.htm (53 words)

	eNature: FieldGuides: Species Detail
		Eastern male ("Slate-colored Junco") is dark slate-gray on head, upper breast, flanks, and upperparts, with white lower breast and belly.
		The pine forests of the Black Hills in western South Dakota and eastern Montana have an isolated population ("White-winged Junco") similar to the eastern form but with 2 white wing bars and extensive white outer tail feathers.
		Birds of the Southwest ("Gray-headed Juncos") are gray overall, with a reddish-brown back.
	www.enature.com /fieldguide/showSpeciesGS.asp?sort=1&curGroupID=99&display=1&area=99&searchText=junco&curPageNum=1&recnum=BD0307 (316 words)

	Juncos uses spirituatlity to treat Parkinson's disease
		The center, which also includes research projects focusing on herbals like valerian root, Oriental exercise techniques and magnetic stimulation, is supported by a five-year, $6.2 million grant from the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine, a division of the National Institutes of Health.
		“The aim of the spirituality and holistic wellness study is to determine the relative value of these interventions at improving quality of life and motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease patients,” said Jorge Juncos, scientific advisor to the study and associate professor of neurology.
		Participants assigned to hands-on holistic health and wellness education will meet in a group setting and learn from respected members of Atlanta’s CAM community about common alternative therapies such as herbal therapy, art therapy, pet therapy, dance and movement therapy, and nutrition.
	www.emory.edu /EMORY_REPORT/erarchive/2003/March/erMarch.17/3_17_03juncos.html (602 words)

	ATSDR - Health Consultation - Juncos Landfill, Juncos, Juncos County, Puerto Rico
		The Juncos Landfill is an inactive 20-acre municipal landfill that operated from 1957-1977.
		In addition to municipal wastes that were disposed in the landfill, a large volume of whole and broken thermometers containing mercury were dumped in the landfill.
		Sampling conducted in 1983 and 1984 revealed the presence of mercury in on-site soil and air and in off-site leachate, fish, and house dust.
	www.atsdr.cdc.gov /HAC/PHA/juncos/jun_p1.html (1160 words)

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