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	Junk fax -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Junk faxes are unsolicited advertising via (Duplicator that transmits the copy by wire or radio) fax transmission.
		Junk faxes are the faxed equivalent of (A canned meat made largely from pork) spam.
		The TCPA, in particular the junk fax provision, has been challenged on (An amendment to the Constitution of the United States guaranteeing the right of free expression; includes freedom of assembly and freedom of the press and freedom of religion and freedom of speech) First Amendment grounds, but the law has withstood legal challenges.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/j/ju/junk_fax.htm (459 words)

	Fax - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Fax machines first became popular in Japan, where they had a clear advantage over competing technologies like the teleprinter; at the time, before the development of easy-to-use input method editors, it was faster to handwrite kanji than to type the characters.
		Fax machines transfer one or a few printed or handwritten pages per minute in fl-and-white (bitonal) at a resolution of 100x200 or 200x200 dots per inch.
		Fax machines from the 1970s to the 1990s often used direct thermal printers as their printing technology, but since the mid-1990s there has been a transition towards thermal transfer printers and inkjet printers.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Fax (1006 words)

	Junk fax - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Junk faxes are the faxed equivalent of spam.
		When fax technology became common, it must have seemed a logical next step to some to start sending "cold faxes" to publicly available fax numbers (companies and sometimes individuals generally indicate their fax number on business stationery and other materials).
		However, early fax was a fairly slow medium, requiring a tie-up of a phone line for up to 2 minutes.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Junk_fax (404 words)

	SB 833 Senate Bill - Bill Analysis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		It would permit persons and businesses that receive junk faxes to sue the sender or advertiser, or both, for injunctive relief, for actual damages or $500, whichever is greater, per violation, and for up to treble the damages for knowing or willful violations.
		It would require the same identifying information on any junk fax sent to or from California, including the identity of the business and/or person sending the fax, the telephone number of the machine sending the fax, and the date and time the fax is sent.
		Unfortunately, despite the passage of the TCPA in 1991, junk fax senders continued to operate in California under the opt-out type of scheme, claiming it was not preempted by the TCPA.
	info.sen.ca.gov /pub/bill/sen/sb_0801-0850/sb_833_cfa_20050408_165850_sen_comm.html (1552 words)

	Computing Canada: Junk fax may be a problem but there are ways to get around it - facsimile - Connectivity (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Fax technology has changed the way the world does business and it is likely to continue to do so as a variety of innovative fax-based services find increasing applications in a world hungry for fast information.
		Fax confirmation is also finding increasing application in the transportation industry to enable callers to receive written documentation on the status of a particular shipment.
		Faxes sent to customers using the never-busy fax service will always get through to the intended recipient even if the receiving fax machine telephone number is busy.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0CGC/is_n4_v18/ai_12014615 (857 words)

	PCWorld.com - Antispam Crusaders Call for New Laws (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The appeals court ruled that the junk fax law was not too broadly worded and that the government had enough of an interest in protecting owners of fax machines to justify the law.
		The First Amendment argument against the junk fax section of the Telephone Consumer Protection Act of 1991, rejected by the appeals court, is the same one used against a national antispam law, he noted.
		The appeals court case dealt with the costs associated with tying up fax machines and using up the paper and ink on receiving fax machines, she said, while measuring the costs of e-mail spam may be more of an art than a science.
	www.pcworld.com /news/article/0,aid,109975,00.asp (742 words)

	The British Fax Directory - junk faxers
		Junk faxes to domestic fax lines in the UK are not yet common.
		The pending Euro legislation should deal with junk faxes, if and when the Directive is implemented in UK law.
		In many States in the USA, it has been established that the sending out of junk faxes is roughly equivalent to theft in that it uses your fax paper without permission and also costs wear and tear on your fax machine.
	users.powernet.co.uk /hack/junk/faxes.html (445 words)

	Federal Junk Fax Law
		Do not throw away your junk faxes, they could be worth more than their weight in gold.
		A sample demand letter that a person who received an unsolicited advertisement via facsimile might mail to the sender of the junk fax.
		The junk fax law without the provisions that do not concern faxes.
	www.keytlaw.com /faxes/junkfaxlaw.htm (288 words)

	ipedia.com: Fax Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Fax is a telecommunications technology used to transfer copies of documents, especially using affordable devices operating over the telephone network.
		Such faxes became affordable and very popular in the 1980s.
		The technique the fax is based on was invented in 1929 by Rudolf Hell.
	www.ipedia.com /fax.html (608 words)

	More firms joining fight against faxes - 2004-08-23 - The Denver Business Journal
		Illegal junk faxes are unsolicited advertisements sent to consumers and businesses by fax, without their invitation or permission, according to federal and state law.
		Such faxes are illegal at the federal level under the Telephone Consumer Protection Act of 1991, which was created partly to rein in broadcast fax companies such as Fax.com Inc. In January, the Federal Communications Commission fined Fax.com $5.4 million for sending junk faxes; the company is appealing the fine.
		Both state and federal laws allow recipients of junk faxes to sue for $500 per fax, plus another $1,500 per fax if the court finds the sender knew it was violating the law.
	www.bizjournals.com /denver/stories/2004/08/23/story5.html?t=printable (824 words)

	Encyclopedia: Junk fax (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Fax (short for facsimile or telefacsimile) is a telecommunications technology used to transfer copies of documents, especially using affordable devices operating over the telephone network.
		Generally speaking, advertising is the paid promotion of goods, services, companies and ideas by an identified sponsor.
		FaxRecoverySystems.com (http://www.faxrecoverysystems.com) - how to hit the junk fax spammers in the pockbook by putting a "junkyard dog" to work leveraging the Federal TCPA Law to sue them.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Junk-fax (535 words)

	Junk Faxes: How to Handle Those "Blasted" Faxes
		We frequently hear from frustrated citizens who’ve been inundated with “junk faxes” -- unsolicited advertisements that clog up the memory, tie up the line, and eat up the paper on your home or office fax machine.
		Unfortunately, some junk faxes refer to the SEC (and provide our web address or contact information) just before the fax removal instructions.
		And be aware that it may take time and multiple complaints to obtain relief from the plague of junk faxes.
	www.sec.gov /investor/pubs/junkfax.htm (522 words)

	Junk Fax Demand Letter
		For information about the Act, see the article entitled "Junk Fax Law - the Telephone Consumer Protection Act of 1991," which can be viewed on the internet at http://www.keytlaw.com/faxes/junkfaxlaw.htm.
		Hooters hired a fax service that sent six unsolicited junk faxes to each of 1,321 fax numbers.
		You do not have a claim under the Act if you expressly invited the fax or gave permission for it or if you have an established business relationship with the sender (unless you previously notified the sender that you do not want to receive junk faxes).
	www.keytlaw.com /faxes/demandltr.htm (832 words)

	Junk fax profiles
		Simple ways to identify the fax broadcaster who actually transmitted the fax.
		They send out a fax that says "Register to Win $1000.00" in return for your faxing back the form with your signature saying you agree to be junk faxed for charity.
		A seller of copiers that is one of the most prolific junk faxers.
	www.junkfax.org /fax/profiles (1010 words)

	`Junk Fax' Bill Belongs In Trash: From The Tampa Tribune (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Only in Congress can a bill called the ``Junk Fax Prevention Act'' be designed to unleash a flood of junk faxes on unsuspecting consumers.
		The bill, which was introduced last week, would gut a ban on junk faxes enacted by Congress in 1991.
		Fax marketers would be back in business, with a vengeance.
	www.tampatrib.com /News/MGBZQJ1FWVD.html (483 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Government monitored body The Fax Preference Service (FPS) will also allow businesses to reject unsolicited faxes How to limit getting junk faxes from companies Register your fax number with FPS If your fax number has been registered with FPS for over 28 days and you're still getting junk faxes -- FPS will pursue your complaint.
		You can complain to FPS about junk faxes by sending them a copy of the fax including the fax number it was received on and your contact details.
		Fax your complaint: 0207 323 4322 Or write to: Fax Complaints Department FPS DMA House, 70 Margaret Street London, W1W 8SS Web: www.fpsonline.org.uk Rejecting junk mail A Government monitored body The Mail Preference Service (MPS) will allow households to reject unsolicited direct mail.
	www.bbc.co.uk /watchdog/draft_letters/junk_fax.doc (323 words)

	Learn How To Stop Junk Faxes With Fax Recovery Systems, Inc.
		Fax Recovery Systems, Inc. (FRS) can help businesses and individuals combat the junk fax spammers that send unsolicited facsimiles day and night.
		junk faxes) to your business or residential fax machine -- unless you already have a "business relationship" with the company on whose behalf the fax was sent.
		If you are tired of receiving unsolicited commercial faxes at all hours of the day and night (tying up your facsimile line and machine, wasting paper, ink, toner, and your time), allow FRS to work on your behalf.
	www.faxrecoverysystems.com (253 words)

	Unwanted Faxes: What You Can Do
		It also requires senders of fax advertisements to include a notice and contact information on the first page of the fax informing the recipient how to “opt-out” of any future fax advertisements from the sender.
		A fax broadcaster (the person or entity transmitting messages to a fax machine on another person’s behalf) may also be liable if it has “a high degree of involvement” in the sender’s fax messages, such as supplying the fax numbers to which a message is sent;
		Faxes sent to fax servers and personal computers are covered by the Junk Fax Prevention Act.
	www.fcc.gov /cgb/consumerfacts/unwantedfaxes.html (773 words)

	Attorney General Lockyer Files Lawsuit Against One of Nation's Largest Junk Fax Businesses (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Junk faxes are illegal and will not go unpunished.
		The false advertising allegations are based largely on Fax.com's statements to consumers that Fax.com has permission to send the faxes, that consumers can remove their numbers from the distribution list, and that consumers can take certain steps to ensure they receive only one unsolicited fax per week.
		The dissemination of unsolicited faxes shifts the printing costs of such advertisements to the recipients, who are forced use their own toner and paper to receive the ads.
	www.ag.ca.gov /newsalerts/2003/03-089.htm (853 words)

	Take Revenge On Junk Faxes!
		Also, some faxes have tied up my machine when I have needed to send something out or while waiting to receive something important.
		Unlike intrusive telemarketers and junk mail, which courts protect as commercial free speech, unsolicited faxes fall into a gray area of the law.
		Fax industry officials say the legal bans won't hold up in court because the faxes are constitutionally protected as commercial free speech.
	www.geocities.com /stopjunkfaxes/junkfax.html (616 words)

	Venali Get Answers: Junk Fax Filter
		This filter is designed to immediately detect the spam fax using technology that was developed by analyzing over three million junk faxes.
		When this spam fax is sent to your email address, it now includes a subject line: "Junk Fax:".
		If you receive a fax that has not been labeled as spam but is really a spam fax (false negative), forward the fax and all its attachments to reportspam@venali.com.
	www.venali.com /support/answers_junkfaxfilter.asp (1028 words)

	Consent to Fax: Comply with the FCC Do Not Fax Rule with OptIn tool.
		Whether you are sending a dozen or hundreds of thousands faxes, the system has been designed with scalability in mind, giving it the ability to support growth efficiently and economically.
		Faxing documents without first obtaining consent to fax will not only cast your organization in an unfavorable light, it may also subject your company to potential FCC enforcement and fines.
		By adding a fax OptOut notice on faxes you are demonstrating that as an organization you care about user rights and comply with the FCC Do Not Fax rule.
	www.faxback.com /products/consensualfax (346 words)

	Court of Appeal Upholds ‘Junk Fax’ Law, Revives Class Actions
		A federal law banning the sending of unsolicited advertisements by fax is constitutional, and can be enforced by private citizens through class actions in state court, the Court of Appeal for this district ruled yesterday.
		He cited evidence that at the time of the federal law’s passage in 1991, many states were considering junk fax laws because of complaints that the unsolicited ads were costing their recipients millions of dollars.
		Mallano rejected arguments that the public interest in junk fax regulation had lessened over time because of technological advances, such as machines that print faxes at lesser cost, auto-redial, dual access memory, “toner saver,” and reduced-price machines.
	www.metnews.com /articles/kauf072303.htm (768 words)

	Junkfax.org home page: How to stop junk fax
		Profiles some of the famous junk faxers including fax.com and Visionlab, and Protus IP Solutions.
		If you are a legitimate common carrier or fax broadcaster and have notice of a violation, here's what to do.
		Roy E. Barnes, "are the unwanted telephone call at dinner and the junk fax."
	www.junkfax.org (227 words)

	law.com - Former Georgia Governor Appeals Junk Fax Ruling
		In the case on appeal, the trial judge had ruled that sending the fax advertisement to the name plaintiff was a violation of a federal statute that forbids sending unsolicited faxes, the Telephone Consumer Protection Act of 1991.
		From case precedent on certifying junk fax cases to how busy the trial court judge was when he signed the order denying certification, Barnes' and Foster's interpretations of the consumer act and case law varied widely.
		He also said that Congress treated faxes and telephone calls differently, and that a "previous business relationship" exemption doesn't apply to faxes, as it does to phone calls, the court recently ruled in a case involving a 99X radio station listener.
	www.law.com /jsp/article.jsp?id=1068651187767 (1588 words)

	SBA: Office of Advocacy - Congressional Action To Stop Junk Faxes Helps Small Business
		The legislation prohibits sending unsolicited fax advertisements to anyone who has requested that they not be sent.
		Unsolicited faxes can be sent if the senders have an established business relationship with the customer and the fax contains a conspicuous notice on its first page that the recipient may request not to be sent any further unsolicited faxes.
		The Junk Fax Prevention Act of 2005 overturns overly broad regulations issued by Federal Communications Commission (FCC) in July, 2003.
	www.sba.gov /advo/press/05-29.html (524 words)

	law.com - Georgia Car Wash May Face $110M in Junk Fax Penalties (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		One of those faxes went to a fax machine at the home of Michelle Hammond, the name plaintiff.
		He ruled that sending the fax advertisement to Hammond was a violation of the federal Telephone Consumer Protection Act of 1991, which forbids sending unsolicited faxes.
		The car wash owner never knew that sending unsolicited faxes was against the law until the plaintiffs' attorneys initiated this legal action, Foster said.
	www.law.com /jsp/article.jsp?id=1079640447836 (1150 words)

	One fax too many
		Part of what makes junk faxing a particularly thorny issue is that the Telephone Consumer Protection Act (TCPA) -- the federal law under which junk faxers can be prosecuted -- focuses on the advertiser who commissions the fax rather than on the fax broadcaster who actually sends it.
		Therefore, most of the TCPA actions brought to court by the Federal Communications Commission and/or state agencies target the business that paid to have the ads sent rather than the junk fax broadcasters; and generally, suits have been filed only in situations in which recipients previously requested their fax numbers be removed from the list.
		That is partly because the fax broadcaster in his cases (not Fax.com) was already being driven out of business by lawsuits by several states and partly to make sure he could keep the trial in small-claims court.
	www.infoworld.com /articles/op/xml/01/08/20/010820opfoster.html (1276 words)

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