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	Symphony No. 41 in C major, K. 551, ("Jupiter")
		Apart from these details of labeling, this final symphony of Mozart's, together with the two that immediately preceded it, were the collective subject of one of the most touching and longest-enduring of the several romanticized myths associated with this composer.
		He did create his three final symphonies as a set, as indicated by the conspicuous contrasts from one to the next in terms of character and instrumentation, and he accomplished the performance of all three in less than two months, while at the same time producing a few other works in different forms.
		The "Jupiter" would have been the least likely of the three works to be presented in either of those concerts, for the orchestra included the celebrated clarinetists Anton Stadler (for whom Mozart composed several certifiable masterworks (the "Kegelstatt" Trio, the Clarinet Quintet, and the last of his concertos for any instrument) and his brother Johann.
	kennedy-center.org /calendar/index.cfm?fuseaction=composition&composition_id=3187 (1138 words)

	Jupiter
		Jupiter is more than twice as massive as all the other planets combined (the mass of Jupiter is 318 times that of Earth).
		Jupiter is the fourth brightest object in the sky (after the Sun, the Moon and Venus).
		Jupiter is about 90% hydrogen and 10% helium (by numbers of atoms, 75/25% by mass) with traces of methane, water, ammonia and "rock".
	www.seds.org /billa/tnp/jupiter.html (2189 words)

	Jupiter Symphony Chamber Players
		It doesn’t seem possible, but this is the Sixth Season of the Jupiter Symphony Chamber Players.
		Some of you have told me that Jens Nygaard would be proud of this chamber music series.
		And with more large orchestras and ensembles needing more corporate sponsorship year after year, I, for one, hope the Jupiter’s individual subscriber-base remains strong.
	www.jupitersymphony.com /Homen.htm (733 words)

	Description: Jupiter Symphony (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The 3 symphonies are often subsumed under the name "symphonic tryptich of 1788".
		The name "Jupiter Symphony" was only used after Mozart’s death and goes back to the composer and impresario John Peter Salomon (born 1745 at Bonn, died 1815 in London).
		The Jupiter symphony represents the climax of classical symphonic art before Beethoven and is a synthesis between the classical and the baroque mode of composition, in which the fugues of the 4th movement are used as a means of extension and intensification within the frame of the classical sonata form.
	www.aeiou.at /mz-jupit.htm;internal&action=_setlanguage.action?LANGUAGE=en (518 words)

	Symphony Orchestras - The Classical Music Beat (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The principal modern meaning of symphony is a sonata for the orchestra.
		The orchestral symphony originated in the operatic overture, which in the middle of the 18th century began to assimilate the essentials of the sonata style.
		The word symphony is sometimes used for the instrumental ritornello of songs and vocal movements in aria form.
	music.searchbeat.com /symphony.htm (1056 words)

	BMSO Mozart Festival 2005
		Symphony wind section in concert during the Mozart Festival 2005.
		Symphony Principal Cellist Scott Neumann intently performing Mozart's "Jupiter" Symphony on stage in the Belle Mehus Auditorium.
		Symphony Principal Timpanist Cynthai Abts focusing on Mozart's "Jupiter" Symphony.
	bismarckmandansymphony.org /mozart2005.htm (202 words)

	Life on Jupiter - Remembering Jens Nygaard
		Jens Nygaard, the Quixotic Conductor of the Jupiter Symphony, Dies at 69
		Nygaard's principal focus, he was also director of the Naumburg Symphony Orchestra in the early 80's and taught at Columbia University Teachers College in 1981 and 1982.
		He also bought symphony season tickets for all fl employees of the hotel and as a result of his efforts the Capetown symphony audience and Musician's Union remain integrated.
	www.lifeonjupiter.com /im_mem.htm (2294 words)

	Symphonies (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Mozart was one of the pioneers in furthering the popularity of the symphony and using the full potential of the entire orchestra.
		The "Jupiter" Symphony is powerful, stately and majestic without ever becoming redundant or pompous.
		Though this isn't a "symphony" in the purest sense, Mozart utilized the orchestra with a mastery and beauty he applied to his symphonies.
	www.geocities.com /Vienna/Strasse/2915/symphony.html (354 words)

	Pro Arte May 2001 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The Jupiter Symphony is the last of the three symphonies that Mozart composed in the summer of 1788, in the space of just six weeks.
		Symphony No. 41 came immediately after the G minor symphony, K.550, a work filled with the intense passion that Mozart always associated with that key.
		The nickname Jupiter was not attached to this piece until after Mozart's death; no one seems to know where it came from.
	www.proarte.org /notes/May03.htm (2045 words)

	SYMPHONY - Online Information article about SYMPHONY
		The word symphony is sometimes used for the instrumental ritornello of songs and vocal movements in See also:
		The differentiation between symphony and overture was of immense importance in raising the dignity of the symphony; but the style was more essential than the form; and in Mozart's and Haydn's mature works we find the sonata form as firmly established in the overture as in the symphony, while nevertheless the styles and See also:
		Jupiter "symphony (which has often been compared with that overture because of its use of fugato) conceivably be used as the prelude to an opera.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /SUS_TAV/SYMPHONY.html (772 words)

	Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart - Symphony 41
		The Symphony no. 41 is known as the Jupiter Symphony, a title not granted it by its creator.
		The symphony is Jupiter-like in another way, too, for it is frequently jovial, as if the Greek god himself were laughing heartily in the celebratory key of C major.
		Mozart's Forty-first Symphony proved inspirational to many composers, especially Haydn, who modeled his 95th and 98th symphonies on the Jupiter.
	w3.rz-berlin.mpg.de /cmp/mozart_sym41.html (543 words)

	Wolgang Amadeus Mozart - Symphony in C major ("Jupiter")
		The "Jupiter" symphony, said by some to derive its nickname from the Jovian energy of its opening thunder-rolls, is the exultant antithesis of the passion and tragedy of the incomparable G minor.
		The capstone of this,towering symphony is of course the fugue-finale, wherein the polyphonic workmanship of the old fugue is used, with other material, for the perfect consummation of the composer's thought, and the eternal glory of art.
		Then, when a Mozart who was merely an immortal master had provided an aristocratic company of his day with such food of the gods for their delectation, he could go out and eat with the rest of the servants.
	www.oldandsold.com /articles06/sy9.shtml (484 words)

	Mozart: The 'Jupiter' Symphony - Cambridge University Press (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The early chapters examine the expectations of the symphony in Mozart’s Vienna, Mozart’s career in 1788 — the year of the three last symphonies - and the changing reception of the ‘Jupiter’ over the subsequent two hundred years.
		A separate chapter is then devoted to each movement of the symphony with musical discussion illuminated by a broad array of topics.
		The composition and reception of the Jupiter Symphony; 4.
	www.cup.cam.ac.uk /catalogue/print.asp?isbn=0521400694&print=y (211 words)

	The Prince William Symphony Orchestra-Virginia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		By 1788, when the Jupiter Symphony was written, Mozart's music was out of demand and he was in deep financial trouble.
		The Toy Symphony is intended purely for fun, and to provide a showcase for celebrity "musicians." Its composer, Leopold Mozart, was a noted court composer and teacher and the father of tonight's featured composer.
		The entire movement is based on five themes set against and entwining with each other, sometimes in the form of fugues, sometimes in the even stricter form of the canon, a fugue in which exactly the same notes are played by different instruments entering at different times.
	www.pwso.org /program_notes_11-20-2004.htm (1681 words)

	VeloceToday - Online Magazine for Italian Car Enthusiasts! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		This was followed by the Jupiter, whose chassis was first exhibited at the Earls Court Motor Show of October 1949.
		The Stabilimenti Farina Jowett Jupiter that is the subject of this article was built in 1951 for a French customer, the last of four such cars constructed in 1950 and 1951, all of which survive.
		I think Giovanni Farina, as he was in his youth a builder of horse drawn vehicles, could not put up with squeaks and rattles so the real reason for these mechanisms was, when the doors are closed, they are put under tension so that hinges and catches are all silent.
	www.velocetoday.com /cars/cars_73.php (1128 words)

	Classics Today.com - Your Online Guide to Classical Music
		London's Walthamstow Town Hall was the venue for many Beecham recordings, including these Mozart symphonies, taped in 1950 (K. 551) and 1954 (K. 385 and K. Beecham recorded the "Jupiter" symphony on several occasions, the finest being the one contained in EMI's collection of London Philharmonic performances from 1934-40.
		Sony's transfer of the G minor symphony K. 550 is somewhat better, though the clarinets in the finale seem shrill, with generally thin-sounding upper strings.
		The "Haffner" Symphony is well done, though, with a bracing finale that shows some ensemble flaws among the strings.
	www.classicstoday.com /review.asp?ReviewNum=4711 (337 words)

	Antiques Digest - Index 118
		Beethoven's Second symphony was composed in the years 1802 and 1802, those years when nature pronounced upon the composer the sentence of complete deafness.
		The inspiration of the Eroica symphony, and the manner in which Beethoven changed its dedication, are strangely symbolic of the nature of the composition and the place that it occupies in art.
		Beethoven's Fourth symphony is the point of re-pose between the immensities of the Third and the Fifth.
	www.oldandsold.com /articles/index118.shtml (965 words)

	Ellen S. Hurwitz
		The title, Jupiter, was appended by his English contemporaries in recognition of the cosmic significance of the piece -- cosmic in that it transcended the boundaries of accepted musical practice by combining genres and harmonic possibilities that confused the most refined audiences of his day.
		The final movement of the Jupiter is a fugue like composition in five voices based largely on a well-known Gregorian chant -- the credo hymn which Mozart had learned when he was a student of choral music early in his career.
		I thank the Reading Symphony Orchestra and especially its conductor for elucidating so eloquently the symphony's many voices in counterpoint and exquisite harmony of the many voices combined.
	gos.sbc.edu /h/hurwitz.html (1794 words)

	Jupiter Symphony Chamber Players (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The ebullient finale proved that the Jupiter instrumentalists were as cohesive a group as you could wish for...It was one of those concerts where every minute passed swiftly.
		The Jupiter Symphony Chamber Players is a remarkable assemblage of some of the finest young musicians in the United States.
		Comprised of world-class prizewinners, each a rising star in his or her own right, the ensemble performs in honor of the founder of New York’s Jupiter Symphony, a magnificent musician, Jens Nygaard.
	www.jwentworth.com /jupiter/jupiter.htm (629 words)

	Bernstein's Studio - Young People's Concerts - What is Sonata Form?
		We're going to start out by playing for you the first movement of Mozart's great Symphony in C major--the last symphony he ever wrote--which is known as the Jupiter symphony.
		You see, a sonata is a piece, usually in several movements, that has a certain basic musical form; and when that form is used in a piece for a solo instrument, like a piano, or violin or flute, or a solo instrument with piano accompaniment, the piece is called a sonata.
		A symphony is merely a sonata for orchestra.
	www.leonardbernstein.com /studio/element.asp?id=401 (2993 words)

	Portland Architecture: The Jupiter Symphony
		Over the weekend I was among the throng of visitors to the Affair @ The Jupiter, where a host galleries from Portland and other cities (Seattle, SF, LA, NY, Boston) occupied the rooms of the old East Burnside motel that has been reimagined, like onsite restaurant Doug Fir, as an über-cool modernist landmark.
		Besides invigorating the local art scene, the Jupiter and Doug Fir occupy a front row seat for what is emerging as the latest inner city enclave to transform from run down and dingy to popular and polished.
		Assuming the Burnside Bridgehead project eventually gets moving, the Jupiter Hotel and Doug Fir presumably will no longer be at the center of Lower Burnside’s solar system, but instead act as satellites.
	chatterbox.typepad.com /portlandarchitecture/2005/10/the_jupiter_sym.html (404 words)

	Mozart: Symphony No. 40, 41 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The music CD includes Mozart's Symphony No. 40, K.550 and Symphony No. 41, K551 "Jupiter." The second CD in the package features Maestro Gerard Schwarz presenting a ConductorÍs explanation of the music, life and times of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart.
		Symphony No. 40 in G Minor forms the centerpiece of the "final trilogy." It is a work of complex character, one whose music embodies passion and formal elegance, sorrow and exultation, darkness and light.
		Mozart's brilliant use of counterpoint, the simultaneous sounding of different melodic strands, makes the finale of his "Jupiter" Symphony one of the outstanding musical achievements of the Classical period.
	www.eroica.com /ms/CDMozart.html (250 words)

	Syracuse Symphony Orchestra (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's Symphony No. 41 in G Major, K. 551 is thought to have been nicknamed the "Jupiter Symphony" because it was the composer's largest and most complex symphony.
		Syracuse Symphony Orchestra performances are made possible with public funds from Onondaga County, the National Endowment for the Arts, the Natural Heritage Trust and the New York State Council on the Arts, a state agency.
		Roger Burdick Audi at Driver's Village is the official dealership of the Syracuse Symphony Orchestra.
	www.syracusesymphony.org /news/releases/102803a.html (757 words)

	Press (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		When the iconoclastic conductor Jens Nygaard founded the Jupiter Symphony in 1979, he established an ideal programming recipe.
		Instead of selecting, say, the best dozen works, the society asked composers to cut their original scores to eight minutes maximum, so that no fewer than 43 could be squeezed in.
		The Jupiter Symphony was an occasional orchestra of young New York instrumentalists, run for years by an inspirational musician called Jens Nygaard.
	www.jwentworth.com /jupiter/JupiterReviews.htm (621 words)

	Time Out New York [classical] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Repeatedly threatened with extinction, the poor but proud Jupiter Symphony has survived for 20 years, thanks to its charismatic founder and director, Jens Nygaard.
		But many of the players praise their leader profusely for his artistry and dedication to careful phrasing, rhythm and articulation; Nygaard deadpans that Jupiter's motto is "We really count." Given the dissatisfaction rampant among orchestral musicians, such praise is particularly meaningful, especially since Jupiter members have occasionally had to take their payment in subway tokens.
		Before one Jupiter concert a few years ago, a patron arrived early and asked the man he saw sweeping and setting up chairs where he could find the conductor.
	www.jeremycaplan.com /Nygaard.htm (650 words)

	Weekend: Mozart's 'Jupiter' an amazing trip
		The Jupiter Symphony will be performed in this weekend's opening masterworks concerts by the Florida Orchestra, with music director Stefan Sanderling on the podium.
		Kapilow says the coda of the symphony's last movement, where all five themes combine, is the quintessential Mozart moment.
		There is certainly no shortage of recordings of the Jupiter Symphony, in a wide range of styles.
	www.sptimes.com /2004/09/30/Weekend/Mozart_s__Jupiter__an.shtml (523 words)

	CLASSICAL MUSIC ARCHIVES MP3/WMA: St. Petersburg State Academic Symphony Orchestra
		The St. Petersburg State Academic Symphony Orchestra was founded in 1967, and the outstanding masters of the St. Petersburg school brought their highly artistic and humane approach to music making to the ensemble during its formative years.
		The orchestra is well known for its compelling interpretations of the Viennese classical symphonies, including those of Haydn, Mozart, and Beethoven, as well as for its excellent and refreshing performances of the works of Bach, Handel, and Vivaldi.
		The 19th century is represented by such works as the symphonies of Schubert, the overtures of Rossini, the serenades of Brahms, and the waltzes of Strauss.
	www.classicalarchives.com /artists/st-petersburg.html (1553 words)

	Stanford Symphony Orchestra to end season with Stravinsky, Mozart: 5/01
		For its final concert of the season, the Stanford Symphony Orchestra will perform Stravinsky's The Rite of Spring and Mozart's Symphony No. 41 (the famous "Jupiter" symphony) at 8 p.m.
		It is believed that English pianist and publisher J. Cramer nicknamed it the "Jupiter" symphony because of its godlike perfection.
		Tickets are $8 for general admission, $4 for students with a valid ID, and are available in advance at the Stanford Ticket Office (650) 723-4317 or at the door of the auditorium.
	www.stanford.edu /group/news/pr/01/lastconcert530.html (279 words)

	ArkivMusic \| The Original Jacket Collection - Beethoven / George Szell
		On LP, the Fifth Symphony originally was coupled with Mozart's Jupiter Symphony, and it's presented that way here--since Szell's Jupiter is one of the greatest ever, with the clearest, most exultant performance of the Finale on disc, there's no reason to complain!
		While the Pastoral Storm lacks one or two lightning bolts, the gorgeously sculpted woodwind solos in the Scene by the Brook and the Merry Gathering are of the highest distinction.
		The First Symphony is similar to Toscanini's lean, forward-pressing interpretation, albeit without the Maestro's crisp humor, and I prefer Szell's 1966 Concertgebouw Fifth for its superior sound and detail.
	www.arkivmusic.com /classical/album.jsp?site_id=CTRV&album_id=88460 (613 words)

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