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	KSR Home
		KSR is located within the transition zone (ecotone) between the eastern deciduous forest and tallgrass prairie biomes.
		KSR is partnering with The Nature Conservancy in preserving a large parcel of native tallgrass prairie in southern Anderson County, KS.
		KSR aspires to promote conservation and restoration of native ecosystems with on-the-ground management, research, and outreach.
	www.ksr.ku.edu (622 words)

	About KSR
		KSR is the biological field station of the University of Kansas.
		Each year KU and visiting faculty, staff, and students conduct funded research at KSR, and their work has resulted in a cumulative total of more than 700 scientific publications and millions of dollars in research support for the University.
		KSR Headquarters is located four miles northeast of Lawrence on the John H. Nelson Tract.
	www.ksr.ku.edu /fundraising/html/about.htm (319 words)

	liibulletin: KSR International Co. v. Teleflex, Inc.
		In its petition for certiorari to the Supreme Court, KSR argues that the “teaching, suggestion, or motivation” test invoked by the Court of Appeals was a judicially created standard to establish non-obviousness and was inconsistent with the statutory language and intent behind 35 U.S.C. §103(a), as well as Supreme Court precedent applying 35 U.S.C. §103(a).
		KSR’s challenge to the Federal Circuit’s “teaching, suggestion, or motivation” test is grounded in the argument that the test has no basis in the text of 35 U.S.C. § 103(a) and conflicts with the Supreme Court’s interpretations of that section.
		KSR argues that § 103(a) clearly makes obviousness a condition to patentability and gives no mention or implication that patents are presumed non-obvious absent clear and convincing evidence of teaching, suggestion, or motivation in the prior art.
	supct.law.cornell.edu /supct/cert/04-1350.html (2284 words)

	KSR International Co. v. Teleflex Inc.
		Specifically, Teleflex complained that KSR International infringed claim 4 of the patent, which is a design of an assembly where the electronic control is mounted in the support bracket.
		KSR International argued that the claim was obvious and therefore invalid.
		The district court granted KSR's motion for summary judgment, holding that the invention was obvious because every element of the invention existed in prior patents.
	www.law.duke.edu /publiclaw/supremecourtonline/certgrants/2006/ksrvtel.html (170 words)

	Patent Prospector: KSR Playing
		Prior to KSR there was a relatively rigid condition that to establish obviousness of a combination invention, it was necessary to establish a teaching, suggestion or motivation to combine the several elements.
		A weird quirk of KSR is the reliance by the Court upon an irrelevant chemical “structural obviousness” case as the seminal CCPA case establishing the “suggestion” test for combination of prior art references to render a combination invention obvious.
		While the KSR case should have only indirect impact on chemical practice, clearly some of the more extreme biotechnology cases from the 1990’s will be under intense scrutiny, including one case that had created a virtually per se patentability rule for new biotechnology entities.
	www.patenthawk.com /blog/2007/05/ksr_playing.html (1168 words)

	Knobbe Martens Olson & Bear LLP - Intellectual Property Law
		KSR focuses on the third criteria of patentability, namely, that the invention not be obvious in light of prior work.
		The Petitioner in KSR challenged the TSM test, arguing that its application was contrary to the plain meaning of the Patent Act and Supreme Court precedent.
		During its consideration of the KSR case, the Supreme Court was clearly concerned about how a rejection of the TSM test would impact the millions of patents that have already issued under that legal standard.
	www.kmob.com /pdf/KSRsImpactonValidity.htm (1159 words)

	KSR : Legal Notices
		KSR reserves all rights in the Site and its content not specifically granted in any agreements with KSR or in the Terms of Use.
		KSR, NeoHapsis, SiteLite; and other marks indicated on our site are registered trademarks of KSR in the United States and/or other countries.
		All other trademarks not owned by KSR or its subsidiaries that appear on this site are the property of their respective owners, who may or may not be affiliated with, connected to, or sponsored by KSR or its subsidiaries.
	www.ksr.com /pages/legal_notices.php (1053 words)

	IPcentral Weblog: Mandel Comments on KSR
		The KSR opinion is more a critique of the Circuit's application of the obviousness (and TSM) standard to the specific facts in KSR than a critique of the need to rigorously (and expansively) evaluate what would lead a PHOSITA to combine certain references in the obviousness analysis.
		Yes, KSR was not quite the "smackdown" of the Federal Circuit that patent critics have mistakenly celebrated, more-or-less because they wanted the decision to discredit the Federal Circuit for resolving the issue of software patentability a decade ago.
		KSR may not be the radical, breakthrough that many hoped for, but very few things are that shape and influence the Internet economy.
	weblog.ipcentral.info /archives/2007/05/mandel_comments.html (524 words)

	Law.com - A Comment on 'KSR' and Obviousness
		In KSR the Supreme Court is again grappling with the issue of how to best determine when an invention is worthy of a patent grant -- that is, when it is nonobvious in view of the prior art.
		The KSR issues arose out of the Federal Circuit's decision vacating summary judgment of patent invalidity where the district court failed to correctly apply the teaching-suggestion-motivation (TSM) test for combining multiple prior art references.
		KSR thus concluded that if there is no such new function performed or effect achieved by the combination, then the combination is not patentable.
	www.law.com /jsp/article.jsp?id=1173175405333 (940 words)

	Roof Curb Rail - Model KSR
		KSR rails have a positive elastomeric air and weather seal permitting the inside of the unit to be used as a return air plenum.
		Model KSR isolation rails are compatible with most roof-supported equipment and standard roof curb systems without modification and provide support, noise and vibration isolation, and an air and water seal for supported equipment.
		Model KSR isolation rails significantly reduce noise and vibration transmitted from rooftop equipment into roof structures by using equipment weight as an inertia mass to load high-deflection, free-standing, stable springs integrated with the continuous aluminum isolation rail system.
	www.kineticsnoise.com /hvac/ksr.html (290 words)

	KSR Associates, LLC \| Market Segmentation, Positioning, and Deployment
		KSR works with clients to define their business, understand the reasons why customers should want to buy the company's product(s) or use the services, and articulate how the company positions their products and services.
		KSR builds “means-end’ chains for targeted consumer segments, identifying the attributes, consequences, and values that reflect the way consumers think about the product and service experience.
		The KSR Marketing Mix is the key to product, price, place, and promotion, as well as how they are used to conceive, organize, and execute a marketing strategy.
	www.ksrassociates.com /market_seg.html (194 words)

	IPBiz: Looking backward, to the KSR brief and to 1883
		KSR, as the patent challenger, had the burden to show obviousness, and KSR was at liberty to show TSM in any way permissible by then-CAFC precedent.
		KSR's fundamental point is that the prior art Asano patent "teaches the structure and function of each of the claim 4 limitations, except those relating to an electronic pedal position sensor." OTHER prior art supplied examples of the one missing claim element.
		Thus, while the KSR brief mentions a historically bad patent (Selden's), it neglects to mention the criticism undergone by a historically good patent (that of the Wrights), and that the same attorney was used against both.
	ipbiz.blogspot.com /2007/05/petitioner-ksr-in-its-brief-to-us.html (3217 words)

	KSR International Co. v. Teleflex, Inc., et al. - Medill - On the Docket
		KSR said Teleflex had no right to patent their technology because it "comprises nothing more than (i) a pre-existing âadjustable pedal assembly' combined with (ii) a pre-existing âelectronic control'" according to its petition for writ of certiorari.
		KSR argued that the combination of two existing parts isn't novel; the part doesn't perform in "new or different" ways.
		The court held that KSR did not provide convincing evidence that there was suggestion or motivation to combine the parts for a person of ordinary skill in the art of gas pedal assembly.
	docket.medill.northwestern.edu /archives/003744.php (1305 words)

	KSR INT’L CO. v. TELEFLEX INC.
		When Teleflex accused KSR of infringing the Engelgau patent by adding an electronic sensor to one of KSR’s previously designed pedals, KSR countered that claim 4 was invalid under the Patent Act, 35 U. §103, because its subject matter was obvious.
		KSR refused to enter a royalty arrangement with Teleflex; so Teleflex sued for infringement, asserting KSR’s pedal infringed the Engelgau patent and two other patents.
		KSR provided convincing evidence that mounting a modular sensor on a fixed pivot point of the Asano pedal was a design step well within the grasp of a person of ordinary skill in the relevant art.
	www.law.cornell.edu /supct/html/04-1350.ZO.html (6560 words)

	Patent Baristas » KSR International v. Teleflex
		The Court has taken up the appeal by KSR International Inc., a Canadian manufacturer of gasoline pedals for cars and light trucks, arguing that a patent held by a rival manufacturer is invalid because it was obvious at the time it was patented.
		KSR argues that under the Supreme Court’s interpretation of § 103, a combination of pre-existing elements does not constitute an “invention”, and does not meet the “condition for patentability” specified in § 103(a), if each element in the claimed combination does nothing more than what it was previously known or designed to do.
		It seems Alza was the Federal Circuit’s attempt to shore up it reasoning behind the test with their statement that obviousness is a question of law, reviewed de novo, based upon underlying factual questions while the presence or absence of a motivation to combine references in an obviousness determination is a question of fact.
	www.patentbaristas.com /archives/2006/09/14/ksr-international-v-teleflex (546 words)

	KSR v. Teleflex
		In some instances, the Federal Circuit has taken this further and found that the teaching suggestion or motivation must be presented to solve the same problem that the patent claim is attempting to solve.
		The patent at issue in KSR involved a vehicle accelerator pedal that could change position based on the height of the driver.
		Looking first at the effects of KSR on patent prosecution, a patentee should refuse to accept any conclusory statement of obviousness from the United States Patent and Trademark Office, as the Supreme Court explicitly warned against such statements.
	www.nmmlaw.com /publications/ksr.html (925 words)

	KSR INT’L CO. v. TELEFLEX INC.
		After petitioner KSR developed an adjustable pedal system for cars with cable-actuated throttles and obtained its ’976 patent for the design, General Motors Corporation (GMC) chose KSR to supply adjustable pedal systems for trucks using computer-controlled throttles.
		John Deere Co. of Kansas City, 383 U., set out an objective analysis for applying §103: “[T]he scope and content of the prior art are … determined; differences between the prior art and the claims at issue are … ascertained; and the level of ordinary skill in the pertinent art resolved.
		KSR provided convincing evidence that mounting an available sensor on a fixed pivot point of the Asano pedal was a design step well within the grasp of a person of ordinary skill in the relevant art and that the benefit of doing so would be obvious.
	www.law.cornell.edu /supct/html/04-1350.ZS.html (2623 words)

	KSR, Inc. and Neohapsis Merge, Delivering the First Comprehensive Managed Risk Services Offering
		KSR's integrated, real-time approach to enterprise risk management provides visibility regarding where and how to invest in risk mitigation initiatives in a manner that ensures ongoing confidentiality, integrity, availability, and efficiency.
		About KSR, Inc. KSR is the first Managed Risk Services Provider (MRSP) to expertly align organizations' unique risk profiles with a new breed of managed and professional services designed to mitigate corporate and personal liability.
		KSR serves mid-size and large enterprise customers worldwide, and the KSR team is made up world-class experts from organizations such as Verisign, the US National Security Agency (NSA), Netscape, Exodus, Oracle, SAIC, and Savvis.
	www.prnewswire.com /cgi-bin/stories.pl?ACCT=104&STORY=/www/story/11-13-2006/0004472501&EDATE= (613 words)

	PRESS RELEASE Paladin Capital Group and Trident Capital Invest $9M in KSR, Inc. to Accelerate Growth in Managed Risk ... (Site not responding. Last check: )
		KSR operationalizes risk management, blending security, information technology, and operations management with an innovative set of services to ensure ongoing confidentiality, integrity, availability, and efficiency.
		KSR's managed and professional services and integrated, real-time approach to enterprise risk management provide visibility regarding where and how to invest in risk mitigation initiatives, enabling corporations to moderate corporate and personal liability.
		KSR is the first Managed Risk Services Provider (MSRP) to expertly align organizations' unique risk profiles with a new breed of managed and professional services designed to mitigate corporate and personal liability.
	www.marketwire.com /mw/release_html_b1?release_id=205504 (747 words)

	KSR-I
		Development began in 1990, which was the first domestic single-stage unguided solid-propellant scientific rocket with a length of 6.7m, a diameter of 0.42m and lift-off weight of 1.2tons.
		KSR-I was launched on June 4 and September 1, 1993, respectively carrying an ultraviolet radiometer with the mission to measure the vertical ozone distribution in the stratosphere over the Korean peninsular.
		KSR-I had the payload capacity of 150kg and could reach the altitude of 75km.
	astronautix.com /lvs/ksri.htm (232 words)

	Kelly Services : KSR Launches North East Branch
		The KSR branch in Newcastle was officially launched with an informal presentation to North East scientific businesses, followed by a cocktail reception and dinner.
		KSR has decided to open its latest UK branch in Newcastle due to the concentration of manufacturing, pharmaceutical and research and development businesses in the area.
		The KSR branch in Newcastle is staffed entirely by people with a scientific background who can ‘speak the same language’ as their clients and candidates.
	www.kellyservices.co.uk /web/uk/services/en/pages/about_press04_sep17.html (531 words)

	Poster Abstracts
		KSR thus facilitates Ras/MAPK signaling by colocalizing MEK and ERK with activated Ras and Raf present at the membrane.
		Interestingly, we have found that KSR mutants unable to bind 14-3-3 (S297A/S392A) have an enhanced ability to facilitate Ras/MAPK signaling and are redistributed throughout the cell, including at the plasma membrane and in the nucleus.
		Further analysis of KSR localization in cells expressing a 14-3-3 mutant defective in nuclear export (14-3-3 DNES) indicates that 14-3-3 binding is not required for the nuclear export of KSR and that KSR itself may contain a nuclear export signal motif.
	www.elso.org /index.php?id=abstr2002&lid=132 (315 words)

	KSR-I
		Development began in 1990, which was the first domestic single-stage unguided solid-propellant scientific rocket with a length of 6.7m, a diameter of 0.42m and lift-off weight of 1.2tons.
		KSR-I was launched on June 4 and September 1, 1993, respectively carrying an ultraviolet radiometer with the mission to measure the vertical ozone distribution in the stratosphere over the Korean peninsular.
		KSR-I had the payload capacity of 150kg and could reach the altitude of 75km.
	www.astronautix.com /lvs/ksri.htm (207 words)

	That’s Obvious! \| Linux Magazine
		It’s one in a string of cases where the Supreme Court is being asked to return patent law and its interpretation to the rules in place prior to the establishment of the Circuit Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit and its reign of activist reinterpretation in the 1980s and ’90s.
		The KSR case deals specifically with the combination of adjustable automobile gas pedals (gas pedals that could be adjusted to the driver’s seating position) and electronically-actuated fuel systems.
		The KSR case has been fully briefed by the parties, and a substantial number of amicus briefs have been filed in support of KSR’s challenge to the Federal Circuit test, representing the interests of parties as diverse as Microsoft, the Business Software Alliance, the Electronic Frontier Foundation, and the Computer and Communications Industry Association.
	www.linux-mag.com /id/2778 (715 words)

	Patent Law Blog (Patently-O): KSR and the Line Between Fact and Law (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The guidance in KSR is all in the direction of making patents "advance the useful arts and sciences." I think the court has been made aware of economic arguments that carving out exclusive territories that did not take much work to define has had the opposite effect on US competitiveness.
		To them, KSR simply means that they no longer have to provide any evidentiary support for the reasons they give for something being obvious.
		KSR shifts the 103 burden from the examiner having to prove obviousness to the applicant having to prove non-obviousness.
	www.patentlyo.com /patent/2007/05/ksr_and_the_lin.html (3544 words)

	The kinase suppressor of Ras (KSR) modulates growth factor and Ras signaling by uncoupling Elk-1 phosphorylation from ...
		A kinase-deficient mutant of KSR, KSR-RM, appears to function as a dominant interfering mutant which elevates phosphorylation of Elk-1, a member of the TCF family, and Elk-1-dependent transcription.
		The effect of KSR on Elk-1 was significantly decreased by inhibition of calcineurin, a putative Elk-1 phosphatase.
		These observations demonstrate that KSR is capable of uncoupling the MAP kinase activation from its target phosphorylation, and thus provide a novel mechanism for modulating the Ras−MAP kinase signaling pathway.
	www.nature.com /emboj/journal/v17/n6/abs/7590886a.html (332 words)

	CampSoftware, Crossplatform FileMaker Database Development and Macintosh Consulting throughout Orlando and Central ...
		KSR will beep after every 25 keystrokes when installed until it is registered.
		Choosing KSR file saving feature will result in a text file that is saved to the hard drive for later retrieval.
		KSR gives you a choice of removing these tags from your logs or emails automatically or with the prefs editor.
	www.campsoftware.com /products/ksr.htm (978 words)

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