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Topic: K-theory

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Theory - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia In science, a theory is a proposed model, explanation or description of the manner of interaction of a set of natural phenomena, capable of predicting future occurences or observations of the same kind, and capable of being tested through experiment or otherwise verified through empirical observation. In mathematics, the word theory is used informally to refer to certain distinct bodies of knowledge about mathematics. In this sense, a theory is a systematic and formalized expression of all previous observations that is predictive, logical and testable. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Theory   (2338 words)

K-theory - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia In string theory the K-theory classification of Ramond-Ramond field strengths and the charges of stable D-branes was first proposed in 1997 by Ruben Minasian and Gregory Moore in K-theory and Ramond-Ramond Charge. In physics, K-theory and in particular twisted K-theory have appeared in Type II string theory where it has been conjectured that they classify D-branes, Ramond-Ramond field strengths and also certain spinors on generalized complex manifolds. In mathematics, K-theory is, firstly, an extraordinary cohomology theory which consists of topological K-theory. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/K-theory   (438 words)

M-theory - Simple English Wikipedia String theory says that this is wrong and that the simplest objects in the universe are shaped like pieces of string. Albert Einstein's theory that describes the universe on very large scales (it is called general relativity), disagrees with two theories that describe things on very small scales (they are called quantum mechanics and the standard model). This theory combines the 5 different string theories (along with a previously abandoned attempt to unify General Relativity and Quantum Mechanics called 11D-Supergravity) into one theory. simple.wikipedia.org /wiki/M-theory   (882 words)

Evolution is a Fact and a Theory But in science, "theory" means "a statement of what are held to be the general laws, principles, or causes of something known or observed." as the Oxford English Dictionary defines it. The theory of evolution is a body of interconnected statements about natural selection and the other processes that are thought to cause evolution, just as the atomic theory of chemistry and the Newtonian theory of mechanics are bodies of statements that describe causes of chemical and physical phenomena. In the American vernacular, "theory" often means "imperfect fact"--part of a hierarchy of confidence running downhill from fact to theory to hypothesis to guess. www.talkorigins.org /faqs/evolution-fact.html   (2065 words)

Social Contract Theory [Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy] Given the pervasive influence of contract theory on social, political, and moral philosophy, then, it is not surprising that feminists should have a great deal to say about whether contract theory is adequate or appropriate from the point of view of taking women seriously. Hobbes' political theory is best understood if taken in two parts: his theory of human motivation, Psychological Egoism, and his theory of the social contract, founded on the hypothetical State of Nature. His psychological theory is therefore informed by mechanism, the general view that everything in the universe is produced by nothing other than matter in motion. www.iep.utm.edu /s/soc-cont.htm   (9316 words)

Critical Theory The theory of ideology, therefore, analyzes the ways in which linguistic-symbolic meanings are used to encode, produce, and reproduce relations of power and domination, even within institutional spheres of communication and interaction governed by norms that make democratic ideals explicit in normative procedures and constraints. According to these theorists, a “critical” theory may be distinguished from a “traditional” theory according to a specific practical purpose: a theory is critical to the extent that it seeks human emancipation, “to liberate human beings from the circumstances that enslave them” (Horkheimer 1982, 244). The lesson for a critical theory of globalization is to see the extension of political space and the redistribution of political power not only as a constraint similar to complexity but also as an open field of opportunities for innovative, distributive, and multiperspectival forms of publicity and democracy. plato.stanford.edu /entries/critical-theory   (18996 words)

Fact and theory - Wikiquote The differences between fact and theory and between theory and practice are a common concern of scientists, engineers, and philosophers. Einstein's theory of gravitation replaced Newton's, but apples did not suspend themselves in mid-air pending the outcome." ~ Stephen Jay Gould, 1981 "In theory, there is no difference between theory and practice. en.wikiquote.org /wiki/Theory   (203 words)

11: Number theory For example, "additive number theory" asks about ways of expressing an integer N as a sum of integers a_i in a set A. If we set f(z) = Sum exp(2 pi i a_i z), then f(z)^k has exp(2 pi i N z) as a summand iff N is a sum of k of the a_i. Number theory is one of the oldest branches of pure mathematics, and one of the largest. Questions in algebraic number theory often require tools of Galois theory; that material is mostly a part of 12: Field theory (particularly the subject of field extensions). www.math.niu.edu /~rusin/known-math/index/11-XX.html   (2572 words)

Quantum Theory In this chapter we will explore the theory which is known as quantum mechanics. This theory has some spectacular successes, among which is describing properties of atoms, but also presents us with some philosophical challenges regarding its interpretation. theory.uwinnipeg.ca /mod_tech/node143.html   (38 words)

Home Page One was that the theory required the existence of a kind of particle that we didn't want -- namely a particle with no mass and two units of spin. The second problem was that the theory required that space-time have ten dimensions (nine space and one time), whereas the correct answer is clearly four (three space and one time). This led to the development of space-time supersymmetry, which was eventually recognized to be a generic feature of all consistent string theories (hence the name superstrings"). www.superstringtheory.fanspace.com   (1019 words)

INI Programme MTH The two main goals of current work in fundamental physics are (i) to find a quantum theory of gravity that avoids the inconsistencies that arise from trying to reconcile Einstein's theory with quantum mechanics, and (ii) to find a unified theory of all the forces and particles of nature. The principal aim of the programme is to investigate the structure of M-theory, with an aim of seeking its fundamental formulation. Recent discoveries have revealed that all five superstring theories arise as sectors of a single all-encompassing structure, which has come to be known as "M-theory". www.newton.cam.ac.uk /programmes/MTH   (405 words)

Category Theory Still, it remains to be seen whether category theory should be "on the same plane," so to speak, as set theory, whether it should be taken as a serious alternative to set theory as a foundation for mathematics, or whether it is foundational in a different sense altogether. From the foregoing disussion, it should be obvious that category theory and categorical logic ought to have an impact on almost all issues arising in philosophy of logic: from the nature of identity criteria to the question of alternative logics, category theory always sheds a new light on these topics. It could be argued that category theory represents the culmination of one of deepest and most powerful tendencies in twentieth century mathematical thought: the search for the most general and abstract ingredients in a given situation. plato.stanford.edu /entries/category-theory   (11780 words)

M-theory, the theory formerly known as Strings Each theory was like a large planet of which we only knew a small island somewhere on the planet. Many other problems are still open, but the application of string theory to the study of Black Holes promises to be one of the most interesting topics for the next few years. Apart from the fact that instead of one there are five different, healthy theories of strings (three superstrings and two heterotic strings) there was another difficulty in studying these theories: we did not have tools to explore the theory over all possible values of the parameters in the theory. www.damtp.cam.ac.uk /user/gr/public/qg_ss.html   (1344 words)

Theory The sequence of broken and solid lines shown on each side of the Pa Qua are indicative of the times during the day when our 108 critical points of the body are safe from injuries which could otherwise cause serious harm. The Pa Qua teaches when the various critical points of the body are the most vulnerable to attack. There is a relationship between the theories of Oo Heng and Pa Qua. www.shaolinhungmei.org /theory2.html   (158 words)

Terry Laundry's T Theory Observations To summarize its theory and the T construction as I have noted in the chart, it can be seen that the T's Cash Build Up phase, defined by the descending tops in the blue volume oscillator, lasted 101 daily data points from the May 19 peak to the October 12 low. My solution to this problem was to devise an envelope theory which basically states that as one approaches a projected peak date, one should do any selling as the trend rises up to the red dashed line because the trend is becoming exhausted and an S&P overbought level might be the better signal to sell. As we have discussed before, T Theory sees the whole natural resource complex as ending a 1980 to 2000 20 year bear market, and then starting in 2001, entering the theory's requirement for a matching 20 year bull market. www.ttheory.com   (5064 words)

Theory Group In addition to the more novel efforts of the group, we also do a substantial amount of work on more traditional combinatorics, including graph theory, extremal combinatorics, random graphs, and enumeration. The theory group brings together researchers in many areas of mathematics and physics to develop novel approaches to problems in computer science and information technology. Among the areas of expertise we have are statistical physics, probability theory, combinatorics, geometry and topology, theoretical computer science, and algorithms. research.microsoft.com /theory   (462 words)

SUPERSTRINGS! M-Theory Therefore as we take the space between the boundaries to be very small we're left with a 10-dimensional theory with strings and an E8 x E8 gauge group. Another easy check is that we can find an M-theory origin for the D-brane states unique to the IIA theory. Perturbation has its limits, so by studying non-perturbative aspects of these theories using dualities, supersymmetry, etc. we've come to the conclusion that there only seems to be one unique quantum theory behind it all. www.sukidog.com /jpierre/strings/mtheory.htm   (503 words)

The Framework of Structurization Theory Structuration theory is a constructionist theory -- that is, a theory which holds that humans are social constructs and that their institutions of all sorts are constructs upheld by humans acting according to their images of what reality is. The formulator and major exponent of structuration theory is Anthony Giddens. Given that the metatheory of Structurization Theory is inevitably ensconced in the specific religious or spiritual hermeneutic of the individual sociologist, a reflexive sociology must be among its integral components. That is to say, scientific concepts and variables are not merely names, one of the premises of nominalism, but they describe real processes and structures, including historically reproduced social structures, which can be restructurated by each new generation and epistemized by scientists. www.markfoster.net /sociosphere/sdp.html   (2310 words)

Oxford Journals Social Sciences Communication Theory Communication Theory is a unique, international forum that publishes high quality, original research into the theoretical development of communication from across a wide array of disciplines, such as communication studies, sociology, psychology, political science, cultural and gender studies, philosophy, linguistics, and literature. ct.oxfordjournals.org   (51 words)

Technorati Tag: theory Theory Trunk Show at Saks.com Shop the Theory Spring 2006 Trunk Show exclusively at Saks.com. This page shows blog posts, photos, and links that have been tagged theory. Theory Clothing at PinkMascara.com Theory Clothing at PinkMascara.com. www.technorati.com /tag/theory   (468 words)

Open Directory - Arts: Music: Theory Theory of Music with Ted Kirk - Resources for learning and teaching music theory to grade 5 of the Associated Board (UK). Zeuxilogy - A new theory of musical time, developed in the past twelve years by the music theorist Andrei Pogorilowski. AP Music Theory - Information about studying for and taking the advanced placement music theory exam. dmoz.org /Arts/Music/Theory   (953 words)

Chaos Theory [encyclopedia] The theory has roots back to around 1950 when it first became evident for some scientists that linear theory, the prevailing system theory at that time, simply could not explain the observed behaviour of certain experiments like that of the logistic map. An early pioneer of the theory was Edward Lorenz whose interest in chaos came about accidentally through his work on weather prediction in 1961. Established in the 1960s, chaos theory deals with dynamical systems that, while in principle deterministic, have a high sensitivity to initial conditions, because their governing equations are nonlinear. www.kosmoi.com /Science/Mathematics/Chaos   (855 words)

Art Theory, Art Critcism Theory of creativity internet links from Edward de Bono's website. An international electronic journal on the history and theory of contemporary art, intended for the publication of theoretical analyses by artists. Analyses and reviews of exhibitions and art works by well-known artists of yesterday and today, from da Vinci, Rembrandt through to Picasso and Rothko. www.zeroland.co.nz /art_theory.html   (514 words)

M Theory The eleven-dimensional description of the underlying theory is called "M theory." As yet, it is less well understood than the five 10-dimensional string theories. The connections among theories that we've mentioned are sketched below. The understanding of how the IIA and HE theories behave at strong coupling, which is by now well-established, came as quite a surprise. www.theory.caltech.edu /people/jhs/strings/str154.html   (147 words)

Game Theory Since game theory is about rational action given the strategically significant actions of others, it should not surprise you to be told that what agents in games know, or fail to know, about each others' actions makes a considerable difference to the logic of our analyses, as we will see. Thus Skyrms (1996) uses evolutionary game theory to try to answer questions Lewis could not even ask, about the conditions under which language, concepts of justice, the notion of private property, and other non-designed, general phenomena of interest to philosophers would be likely to arise. For reasons to be discussed later, limitations in their mathematical framework initially made the theory applicable only under special and limited conditions. plato.stanford.edu /entries/game-theory   (20520 words)

www.myspace.com/theoryne A 6 piece hip-hop/funk-rock group from Omaha, NE, theory:. Websters Dictionary defines the word theory as a logical and time-tested explanation of a phenomenon that occurs in the natural world. After releasing their freshman LP (dubbed the Yellow Album) in 1999, theory:. www.myspace.com /theoryne   (782 words)

Literary Resources -- Theory (Lynch) Modern Literary Theory (Kristi Siegel, Mt Mary College) An E-journal on fiction theory, supported by dozens of other resources: original essays, links, discussiong roups, and so on. A journal of theory in Medieval and Renaissance studies. andromeda.rutgers.edu /~jlynch/Lit/theory.html   (515 words)

Scale-Space Theory Discrete Scale-Space Theory and the Scale-Space Primal Sketch Lindeberg and Florack: ``Foveal scale-space and the linear increase of receptive field size as a function of eccentricity'', Revised version published as Chapter 6 in J. Sporring, M. Nielsen, L. Florack, and P. Johansen (eds.) Gaussian Scale-Space Theory: Proc. www.nada.kth.se /~tony/earlyvision.html   (1222 words)

Antenna : Antennas: Theory Antennas : theory and designs - Thierry LOMBRY, ON4SKY, develops in several long articles all you need to know about antennas, their design and performance, for both amateurs and SWL J-Pole theory - The J-Pole antenna is an omnidirectional antenna that can be used for base, mobile and field day stations. Balun Theory - The word balun means balanced-unbalanced: it's used to adapt a balanced device to an unbalanced one www.dxzone.com /catalog/Antennas/Theory   (1495 words)

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