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	Kabardian (Circassian) alphabet, pronunciation and language
		Kabardian is a North West Caucasian language with about 650,000 speakers mainly in the Kabardian-Balkar and Karachay-Circassian Republics of Russia.
		Kabardian is also known as East Circassian or Upper Circassian.
		Kabardian first appeared in writing in 1923 in a version of the Latin alphabet.
	www.omniglot.com /writing/kabardian.htm (146 words)

	Kabardian language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Kabardian language is closely related to the Adyghe language (see Adyghe), both members of the Northwest Caucasian language family, mainly spoken in Kabardino-Balkar Republic and Karachay-Cherkess Republic of Russia (the native territories) and in Turkey and the Middle East (the residence of the extensive post-war diaspora).
		Some linguists argue that Kabardian is only a dialect of an overarching Adyghe or Circassian language that consists of all of the dialects of Adyghe and Kabardian together, and the Kabardians themselves most often refer to their language using the Kabardian term Adighabze ("Adyghe language").
		Kabardian is written in a form of the Cyrillic alphabet, and like all Northwest Caucasian languages, has an extremely complex verbal system.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Kabardian_language (355 words)

	Kabardia - LoveToKnow 1911 (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Kabardians are a branch of the Adyghe (Circassians).
		The policy of Russia was always to be friendly with the Kabardian aristocracy, who were possessed of feudal rights over the Ossetes, the Ingushes, the Abkhasians and the mountain Tatars, and had command of the roads leading into Transcaucasia.
		Kabardia is considered as a school of good manners in Caucasia; the Kabardian dress sets the fashion to all the mountaineers.
	32.1911encyclopedia.org /K/KA/KABARDIA.htm (833 words)

	Kabardian (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Kabardian horse breed is a breed from Caucasus_(mountains), currently part of Russia.
		Number of Kabardian horses was estimated around 200'000 in the middle of XIX century and it was reduced dramatically by Russian_Revolution and then perestroika.
		Jambechs in Turkey Includes the family tree of a Kabardian tribe from Jereshty, called Yaglipinar in Turkish, located in Uzunyayla region and photographs.
	www.serebella.com /encyclopedia/article-Kabardian.html (193 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Kabardian language (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Kabardian language is a Northwest Caucasian language spoken in Russia, Jordan and Turkey.
		Literary Kabardian is based on the Kabardian dialect spoken in greater Kabarda, which is the part of Kabarda to the west of the Terek River.
		As for the third-person singular and plural, Kabardian does not furnish distinct pronouns, instead the pronomial functions are implemented by the demonstrative pronouns.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Kabardian-language (257 words)

	Kabardian language Information
		The Kabardian language is closely related to the Adyghe language (see Adyghe), both members of the Northwest Caucasian language family, mainly spoken in Kabardino-Balkar Republic and Karachay-Cherkess Republic of Russia (the native territories) and in Turkey and the Middle East (the residence of the extensive post-war diaspora).
		Some linguists argue that Kabardian is only a dialect of an overarching Adyghe or Circassian language that consists of all of the dialects of Adyghe and Kabardian together, and the Kabardians themselves most often refer to their language using the Kabardian term Adighabze ("Adyghe language").
		Kabardian is written in a form of the Cyrillic alphabet, and like all Northwest Caucasian languages, has an extremely complex verbal system.
	www.bookrags.com /wiki/Kabardian_language (332 words)

	Horse farm "Guaran"
		The Kabardian (Circassian) breed of horses and the institution of the horsemanship has its history which comes up to 2000 years.
		The Kabardian (Circassian) horse is the best in highlands because of its ability to keep balance while moving up and down along the slip rocky roads.
		One of the outstanding race in the history of the horsemanship was a horse race round the Caucasian mountain ridge on a distance of 3000 km in winter 1935-36.
	www.zkokov.narod.ru /HF_Guaran_eng.htm (489 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Nalchik (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Nalchik (Russian and Karachay-Balkar: На́льчик [Nal’čik], Kabardian: Налшык [Nalšyk]) is a city in the Caucasus region of southern Russia and capital of the Kabardino-Balkar Republic.
		The city is situated at an altitude of 550 m (1,804 ft) in the foothills of the Caucasus Mountains.
		The territory of modern-day Nalchik was inhabited by native Balkars and Kabardians as far back as 1743, but the modern city dates from the early 19th century when the expanding Russian Empire built a fort there in 1818; this date is seen at the top of the city's coat of arms.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Nalchik (1164 words)

	Kabardians.com: Frequently asked questions about Kabardian breed
		In the last century Kabardian breed was crossed with Throughbred, resulting in Anglo-Kabardians and the mixture remains popular nowadays.
		In the winter 1935-36 a group of 15 Kabardian and 8 Anglo-Kabardian horses went the distance of over 3000 km in 47 days, making average 64 km per day, while maximum was 120 km.
		As said before, Kabardians grow slowly and usually they are used for real work in the age of 6 (compare that with 2-3 years for Thoroughbred).
	kabardians.echelon.pl /faq.en.php (1459 words)

	Northwest Caucasian languages
		Kabardian is characterised by ejective fricatives[?] and a small number of vowels in speech.
		The Ubykh language is more closely related to Abkhaz and Abaza than to Adyghe and Kabardian.
		It became extinct on October 7, 1992, with the death of Tevfik Esenc, the language's last native speaker.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/ab/Abkhaz-Adyg_languages.html (511 words)

	Russia: What Is The Biggest Threat To Stability In Kabardino-Balkaria? - RADIO FREE EUROPE / RADIO LIBERTY
		(Both the Kabardians and the Balkars are Sunni Muslims.) The problem, however, lies in assessing the relative strength of, and degree of overlap and interaction between, the Islamic factor and two other key determinants: interethnic rivalry and political alienation fueled by official corruption and economic stagnation.
		That ASSR was renamed simply the Kabardian ASSR in the wake of the 1944 deportation to Central Asia on orders from Soviet dictator Josef Stalin of the entire Balkar people, who like the Karachais, to whom they are related, were accused of collaborating with advancing Nazi German forces.
		The author, whose name suggests he is Kabardian, suggests that people are turning increasingly to "conservative" Islam as a form of protest as the political opposition is perceived as marginalized and ineffective.
	www.rferl.org /featuresarticle/2005/08/c64a178f-fd88-4dc4-a2d1-69e2f98a40c4.html (1074 words)

	Kabardian - Search Results - ninemsn Encarta
		The Kabardian language is closely related to the Adyghe language (see Adyghe), both members of the Northwest Caucasian language family, mainly spoken in Kabardino-Balkar Republic and Karachay-Cherkess...
		Kabardian (къэбэрдеибзэ) Kabardian is a North West Caucasian language with about 650,000 speakers mainly in the Kabardian-Balkar and Karachay-Circassian Republics of Russia.
		The Kabardians are considered by many as the world's best mountain breed of horses.
	au.encarta.msn.com /Kabardian.html (130 words)

	Kabardian (horse) Information
		The Kabardian horse breed is a breed from the Caucasus, currently part of Russia and Georgia.
		Historically the breed has been known for at least 400 years, but its origins are considered to be as old as the Hittite civilisation.
		The number of Kabardian horses was estimated to be around 200,000 in the middle of the 19th century but was reduced dramatically after the Russian Revolution.
	www.bookrags.com /wiki/Kabardian_(horse) (135 words)

	Northwest Caucasian languages - The Jiggies Reference Guide (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Furthermore, Kabardian has several dialects, Terek, the literary standard, and Besney, which occupies a position intermediate between Terek Kabardian and the Adyghe complex.
		Kabardian is characterised by ejective fricative and a small number of vowels in speech.
		The religious language used by the Hittites was totally unrelated to their secular Nesili, no-one knows what the speakers of this language called themselves but the term Hattic has been created to designate them.
	www.jiggies.com /reference/Northwest_Caucasian_languages (816 words)

	Kabardian (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Historically the breed is known at for 400 years but its origins are to be as old as Hetite civilisation.
		Number of Kabardian horses was estimated around 200'000 in middle of XIX century and it was dramatically by Russian_Revolution and then perestroika.
		Currently the breed is being reconstructed by breeders in Russia and Europe.
	www.freeglossary.com /Kabardian (114 words)

	Kabardian_language (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The '''Kabardian language''' is closely related to the '''Adyghe language''', both members of the Northwest Caucasian language family, mainly spoken in Jordan, Turkey, and the Kabardino-Balkar Republic of Russia.
		It has 48 consonant phonemes (of which an amazing 22 are fricatives), but just two phonemic vowels.
		Some argue that Kabardian is only a dialect of an overarching Circassian language that also includes the various Adyghe dialects.
	q-basic.xodox.de /Kabardian_language (142 words)

	Northwest Caucasian - LanguageServer - University of Graz
		The Northwest Caucasian languages comprise five languages: Abkhaz, Abaza, Adyghe, Kabardian, and the extinct language Ubykh.
		In the late 30's of the 20th century Abaza, Adyghe, and Kabardian adopted the Cyrillic script.The Abkhaz language however was written with Georgian Mkhedruli at that time.
		Kabardian and Adyghe have a very long oral literary tradition, an example of which are the well known 'Nart' sagas.
	languageserver.uni-graz.at /ls/desc?id=37&type=r (587 words)

	Caucasus Foundation
		The sound system in these languages is relatively uniform, and they have a highly developed system of word inflection, that is, of word endings and derivation.
		Adyghians and Kabardians are often considered members of a larger, Circassian group.
		The Ubykh language, now extinct, was formerly found to the north of the area where Abkhaz is spoken, in the vicinity of Tuapse, Russia.
	www.kafkas.org.tr /english/kultur/diledebiyat.html (2513 words)

	Kabardians.Com: Kabardian vs Karachai horse - discussion
		Kabardians and Circassians (Cherkess) are one nation, Karachai and Balkars are another nation.
		At the same time there were plenty of references to "Kabardian horse" since 16th century, describing a horse which is very similiar to what we currently know as Kabardian horse.
		Kabardian horse breeders are now doing their breeding work completely at their own expense.
	www.kabardians.com /kabardian-horse/articles/kabardian-vs-karachai-horse-discussion (1518 words)

	adige adiga adigha abzegh abzah besleney besney şapsıg shapsugh şapsug kabardey kabartay
		The Kabardian-Tcherkess language (henceforth referred to only as Kabardian, since both the Kabardians and Tcherkess use the same official and literary language) is structurally part of the Apswa-Adygha group of the Ibero-Caucasian languages.
		Literary Kabardian is based on the Kabardian dialect spoken in greater Kabarda, which is the part of Kabarda to the west of the Terek River.
		As for the third-person singular and plural, Kabardian does not furnish distinct pronouns, instead the pronomial functions are implemented by the demonstrative pronouns.
	www.circassiancanada.com /ing/06_kabardino_balkaria/04_culture/ka_grammar_of_the_kabardian_language.htm (1805 words)

	North-West Caucasian@Everything2.com
		There is no definite connexion between NWC and NEC (as linguists usually abbreviate them), but they have a number of features in common that suggest that at a deep level they can be grouped in a single North Caucasian superfamily.
		Adyge and Kabardian are both known as Circassian.
		In the case of Kabardian, it is even possible to analyse it in such a way that there is only one underlying vowel, and all shades of vowel are created by consonant influences.
	everything2.com /index.pl?node_id=1040965 (774 words)

	Russia: Balkars Launch New Campaign For Own Republic - RADIO FREE EUROPE / RADIO LIBERTY
		The Balkars argued that the territorial downgrading of the two villages constitutes one of numerous examples of discrimination by the Kabardian majority against the Balkars.
		The Balkars had enjoyed the status of an autonomous okrug (district) for only a very brief period from 1918 to 1922 prior to the formation in January 1922 of the Kabardino-Balkar Autonomous Oblast, which was upgraded to an ASSR in 1936.
		In 2001, hard-line Tere members again accused the republic's Kabardian leadership of discrimination and demanded a meeting with Russian President Vladimir Putin to discuss their grievances, according to an Institute for War and Peace Reporting (IWPR) report dated 16 March 2001, but that demand was ignored.
	www.rferl.org /featuresarticle/2005/05/cd4e42e8-a132-4359-977b-8f83848301ad.html (1409 words)

	Ethnologue report for language code:kbd
		Greater Kabardian, Baksan, Lesser Kabardian, Malka, Mozdok, Kuban, Cherkes, Beslenei (Beslenej).
		1,000 villages of Kabardian and Adyghe in Turkey.
		Pittman, Richard S. Review of: Phoneme and morpheme in Kabardian (Eastern Adyghe), by Aert H. Kuipers.
	www.ethnologue.com /show_language.asp?code=kbd (98 words)

	Kabrdian
		A Grammar of the Kabardian Language by John Colarusso
		Nogmov (1794-1844) was the first linguist to describe the grammar of Kabardian.
		Circassian mythology should be one of the principal pivots of adygha cultural renaissance.
	www.circassians.org /kabrdian.htm (185 words)

	Northwest Caucasian languages (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Furthermore, Kabardian has several dialects, Terek, the literary standard, and Besney, which occupies a position intermediatebetween Terek Kabardian and the Adyghe complex.
		The Ubykh language is more closely related to Abkhaz and Abaza thanto Adyghe and Kabardian.
		It became extinct on October 7, 1992, with the death of Tevfik Esenc, the language's lastnative speaker.
	www.therfcc.org /northwest-caucasian-languages-81536.html (776 words)

	Amazon.com: kabardian
		slid, the proctirator of' the Kabardian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic in...
		as a counterweight to the Kabardians in the north and to...
		A Grammar of the Kabardian Language by John Colarusso
	www.independentcommerce.com /icDirectory/keyword.asp?keyword=kabardian (654 words)

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