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Topic: Kabardian language

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Adyghe language

Northwest Caucasian languages

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Qashqai language

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	Kabardian (Circassian) alphabet, pronunciation and language
		Kabardian is a North West Caucasian language with about 650,000 speakers mainly in the Kabardian-Balkar and Karachay-Circassian Republics of Russia.
		Kabardian is also known as East Circassian or Upper Circassian.
		Kabardian first appeared in writing in 1923 in a version of the Latin alphabet.
	www.omniglot.com /writing/kabardian.htm (141 words)

	Kids.Net.Au - Encyclopedia > Northwest Caucasian languages
		The Northwest Caucasian languages or Abkhaz-Adyg languages are a family of languages spoken in the Caucasian part of Russia and in Abkhazia.
		The basis behind this theory is that, during language evolution, vowel features such as labialisation[?], pharyngealisation[?] or frontness[?] are removed from the vowels in a root and reassigned instead to the consonants which surround them.
		Kabardian is characterised by ejective fricatives[?] and a small number of vowels in speech.
	www.kids.net.au /encyclopedia-wiki/no/Northwest_Caucasian_languages (536 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Kabardian and Adyghe have a very long oral literary tradition, an example of which are the well known 'Nart' sagas.
		This language was commonly in use until quite recently and might be still in use in some remote areas.
		The Circassian languages and Ubykh have two cases: The ergative case is used with the subject of transitive ('agentive') verbs.
	abkhazia.to.md /nwcl.html (579 words)

	Kabardian language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Kabardian language is closely related to the Adyghe language (see Adyghe), both members of the Northwest Caucasian language family, mainly spoken in Kabardino-Balkar Republic and Karachay-Cherkess Republic of Russia (the native territories) and in Turkey and the Middle East (the residence of the extensive post-war diaspora).
		It is one of very few languages to possess a clear phonemic distinction between ejective affricates and ejective fricatives.
		Some linguists argue that Kabardian is only a dialect of an overarching Adyghe or Circassian language that consists of all of the dialects of Adyghe and Kabardian together, and the Kabardians themselves most often refer to their language using the Kabardian term Adighabze ("Adyghe language").
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Kabardian_language (363 words)

	Kabardian Grammar
		The Kabardian-Tcherkess language (henceforth referred to only as Kabardian, since both the Kabardians and Tcherkess use the same official and literary language) is structurally part of the Apswa-Adygha group of the Ibero-Caucasian languages.
		Literary Kabardian is based on the Kabardian dialect spoken in greater Kabarda, which is the part of Kabarda to the west of the Terek River.
		As for the third-person singular and plural, Kabardian does not furnish distinct pronouns, instead the pronomial functions are implemented by the demonstrative pronouns.
	www.geocities.com /Eureka/Enterprises/2493/kabgram.html (2134 words)

	KABARDIAN LANGUAGE FACTS AND INFORMATION
		The Kabardian language is closely related to the Adyghe language, both members of the Northwest Caucasian language family, mainly spoken in Jordan, Turkey, and the Kabardino-Balkar Republic of Russia.
		Some argue that Kabardian is only a dialect of an overarching Circassian language that also includes the various Adyghe dialects.
		Kabardian is written in a form of the Cyrillic alphabet, and like all Northwest Caucasian languages, has an extremely complex verbal system.
	www.feefriend.com /Kabardian_language (135 words)

	Minority languages of Russia on the Net - Kabardian (Circassian) language
		Spoken in the Kabardian-Balkar and Karachay-Circassian republics, in the city of Mozdok and its surroundings in the Stavropol region, in a number of villages of the Krasnodar region and the Republic of Adygea.
		National language of the Kabardians and the Circassians.
		The literary language is founded on the dialect of the Greater Kabardia.
	www.peoples.org.ru /eng_kabard.html (217 words)

	Caucasian Language Family
		Besides languages from other language families (Armenian, Azerbaijani, Russian) brought by settlers and invaders over the past three millennia, there are 39 indigenous languages recognized as belonging to a single Caucasian family.
		Even though many of these languages have sizable populations of fluent speakers, the combination of bilingualism in Russian, restrictions imposed by former Soviet government policies, and lack of educational and employment opportunities in these languages may signal the end of the road for many of them.
		Most Caucasian languages have a wealth of consonants including velar, uvular, pharyngeal, and glottal and ejective sounds.
	www.nvtc.gov /lotw/months/march/CaucasianLanguageFamily.html (536 words)

	Index of languages by writing system
		This is a list of the languages featured on Omniglot arranged by the writing systems with which they are written.
		For example, in Central Asia many languages were originally written with the Arabic alphabet, then switched to the Latin alphabet during the 1920s, then to the Cyrillic alphabet during the 1930s or 1940s.
		Please note: some of these languages, such as Bosnian and Turkish, were once written with the Arabic alphabet, but nowadays are normally written with a different alphabet, such as Latin or Cyrillic.
	www.omniglot.com /writing/languages.htm (265 words)

	Euskal Herria Journal \| Basque Language and Culture (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Basque is the sole surviving non-Indo-European language in Western Europe, it is classified as a language isolate.
		Estonian, Finnish and Saami (Lapp) are languages belonging to the Finnic branch of Finno-Ugric, Hungarian represents Ugric.
		The existence of loanwords from Basque and/or Proto-Basque“ in languages of the Iberian peninsula is beyond doubt and beyond dispute.
	www.ehj-navarre.org /blessons/mowstr.html (6025 words)

	The U of MT -- Mansfield Library LangFing Caucasian & Paleo-Asiatic
		You have reached the page on Caucasian and Paleo-Asiatic languages, which is just one part of the "Language Finger" homepage, which is an index by language to the holdings of the Mansfield Library of The University of Montana.
		The Caucasian family of languages is spoken in the area of the Caucasus Mountains, roughly in the countries now known as Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan.
		Kabardian is spoken in Russia, Turkey, Saudi Arabia, and in the United States of America.
	www.lib.umt.edu /guide/lang/cauchyph.htm (786 words)

	Countrybookshop.co.uk - Grammar of the Kabardian Language
		This is the first comprehensive grammar of a non-Indo-European language from the Northwest Caucasian family in a language other than Russian that covers all areas of the grammar.
		The language treated is not the literary standard, but Kabardian as it was found in texts and in the mouths of Kabardians.
		This study is an advance over grammatical sketches of related languages in that it gives a complete account of the phonology and morphology of the language, accounting for what were previously known as 'random variants'.
	www.countrybookshop.co.uk /books/index.phtml?whatfor=0919813968 (211 words)

	A Grammar of the Kabardian Language
		This is the first comprehensive grammar of a non-Indo-European language from the Northwest Caucasian family in a language other than Russian that covers all areas of the grammar.
		The language treated is not the literary standard, but Kabardian as it was found in texts and in the mouths of Kabardians.
		It will give the linguist interested in complex languages access to an extraordinarily difficult language, and it will give the theoretical linguist access to a language that exhibits topological exotica at every level of its grammar, from phonetics to the lexicon.
	www.ucalgary.ca /UofC/departments/UP/0-919813/0-919813-96-8.html (193 words)

	Bibliography of the Kabardian Language
		URISS AND L. The idea that languages without vowels exist is an enduring urban myth, the linguistic equivalent of the crocodile in the sewer or the poodle in the microwave.
		A missionary linguist, recently returned from South America, raised his hand and politely explained that such languages did indeed exist, but that all known examples were spoken by small indigenous communities in a little-explored region of northern Amazonia.
		RIEKS SMEETS IS A LECTURER IN CAUCASIAN LANGUAGES AT THE UNIVERSITY OF LEIDEN.
	www.geocities.com /Eureka/Enterprises/2493/bibkablang.htm (4438 words)

	Kabardian Fonts, Kabardian OCR, Kabardian Reference, Kabardian Software - Mac, Kabardian Software - Windows, Kabardian ...
		Kabardian is spoken in the Caucasus region of the Russia, principally in the Kabardin-Balkar Republic (capital: Nalchik) and the Karachai-Cherkess Republic (capital: Cherkessk).
		The Kabardians, Circassians, and a third people, the Adygeis, who speak the closely related Adygei language, are sometimes referred to collectively as Circassians.
		Kabardian belongs to the Western branch of the Caucasian family of languages.
	www.worldlanguage.com /Languages/Kabardian.htm (346 words)

	WCB- Welcome to WORLDWIDE CIRCASSIAN BROTHERHOOD
		It should be mentioned that the Kabardians and the Adygas living in KChR have been distanced from one another for the simple fact that many years ago they began to give themselves alternate identities.
		Not so long ago in the 20th century, the former “Kabardian district” became the “Circassian district” (a collective name of all Adygas) and in the 1920’s, Adygea was referred to as such.
		In the second decade of the last century, the Kabardians, Adygas and the Circassians were close to having one written and literary language.
	www.adygaunion.com /en/future.php (1869 words)

	Typology
		Language are groups of languages with a reliably reconstructable single ancestor.
		The familial relationships of two languages in a family are established through the use of cognates, pairs of words in the two languages that can be traced back to a common source.
		This is not a universally agreed upon language family, and may be better called a phylum, in which case it is an even BETTER example of small families, including as many as 7 language families in it.
	www-rohan.sdsu.edu /~gawron/intro/typology/types.htm (1510 words)

	North Caucasian Bibliography
		Language of entry is language of title unless otherwise stated.
		The Kryz language is a subdivision of Dzhek, which forms with Lezghian, Agul, Tsakhur, Tabasaran, Budukh, and Rutul, the Samurian subdivision of the NE Caucasian languages.
		George Hewitt is Professor of Caucasian Languages at the School of Oriental and African Studies, the University of London.
	www.geocities.com /Eureka/Enterprises/2493/circbibliog.html (8643 words)

	Kabrdian
		A Grammar of the Kabardian Language by John Colarusso
		A complete account of the phonology and morphology of the language is presented.
		Nogmov (1794-1844) was the first linguist to describe the grammar of Kabardian.
	www.circassians.org /kabrdian.htm (185 words)

	Ethnologue 14 report for language code:KAB
		The following is the entry for this language as it appeared in the 14th edition (2000).
		It has been superseded by the corresponding entry in the 15th edition (2005).
		GREATER KABARDIAN, BAKSAN, LESSER KABARDIAN, MALKA, MOZDOK, KUBAN, CHERKES, BESLENEI (BESLENEJ).
	www.ethnologue.com /show_language.asp?code=KAB (72 words)

	The Canadian Journal of Linguistics
		Nevertheless, on the basis of the tonal patterns of Gen, it is shown that empty positions must be part of the underlying representation of syllables in the language.
		This paper provides new insights since, in Gen, the consonant clusters in which empty nuclei are proposed are typical of those observed in branching onset languages (like French, Italian and English) or in languages having light diphthongs.
		We argue that all attested consonant clusters in Gen are heterosyllabic.
	www.utpjournals.com /cjl/cjl403.html (853 words)

	Sociolinguistics Symposium 15 - Papers & Posters
		Linguistic representations of Sheng, a new vernacular language spoken in Nairobi, Kenya.
		Language ideology and education in Ethiopia: The role of English and Amharic in Tigray
		Language maintenance, shift, and codeswitching in a contact situation - the case of Tulu in India.
	www.ncl.ac.uk /ss15/papers/paper_details.php?id=798 (2233 words)

	NORTHWEST CAUCASIAN LANGUAGE
		On Root And Subordinate Clause Structure in Kabardian
		He was the last person able to speak the language they called Ubykh
		The Abkhazian language and its place in the Caucasian family of languages
	www.circassianworld.com /northwest.html (638 words)

	Langue Adyga (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Note: it is essential that this case is not confused with other applications of the suffix - ch'e, such as when it is used as a post-positional suffix, ex.:
		In the word : adig'ebzech'e, the affix, - ch'e, does not give the word neither instrumental nor directional meaning, but merely adds the meaning 'in' to the sentence.
		Nouns in Circassian language are different with their quantity:
	adyga.free.fr /langue/grammar.html (1277 words)

	Kabardian - Mundaneum
		You are looking at a draft version of this article; there is no stable version of this article yet.
		Kabardian, sometimes called Circassian (in Kabardian: къэбэрдеибзэ), is a Northwest Caucasian language spoken in the republic of Kabardino-Balkaria by about 450,000 people, and by a slightly larger number in Turkey.
		Pittman, Richard S. Review of: Phoneme and morpheme in Kabardian (Eastern Adyghe), by Aert H. Kuipers.
	en.mundaneum.org /wiki/Kabardian (111 words)

	National and Ethnic - Caucasus Mountains Region
		From Georgia, Georgian and the languages of the Caucasus.
		An overview of languages of the Caucasus - By Johanna Nichols.
		The Languages of Russia - North Caucasus Region.
	learning.lib.vt.edu /slav/nat_ethnic_caucasus.html (2435 words)

	Circassian language and culture
		Their language is also referred to as 'Adyghe or Adygeyan or Circassian.
		Their language belongs to the North-West of the Caucasian family of languages.
		Israel as a multilingual society Israel is a complex, multilingual society: With the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, Hebrew became the national language some fifty years after its revival as the language of Zionist identity.
	www.lonweb.org /link-circassian.htm (605 words)

	Kabardians.Com: Video/Music
		Famous Chechen Shrek (8 MB AVI, eMule) or Chechen Shrek (BitTorrent), very funny clip combined from Shrek movie and national Caucasian music (fun-song "Dari-Dada" in Chechen language).
		Dari-Dada in Kabardian language, 2.8 MB MP3 eMule, note that the same song is in "Chechen Shrek" but in Chechen language.
		Documentary movie by Catherine Michelet Kabardian horses 2002-2005 (800 MB AVI, eMule) or Kabardian horses 2002-2005 (BitTorrent).
	www.kabardians.com /multimedia/torrents (281 words)

	ODIN results for language Kabardian (KAB) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		For those results that indicate Verified as "Highest" or "High", all instances of IGT in the document have been manually verified both to be IGT and to be in the language specified.
		"Low" indicates that the language was not verified, although the instances discovered are IGT.
		For more information about the language selected, click the language name or language code above and the Ethnologue report page for the language will be opened.
	www.csufresno.edu /odin/igt_urls.php?lang=KAB (216 words)

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