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Topic: Kaiser Wilhelm Institute of Anthropology, Human Heredity, and Eugenics

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	Kaiser Wilhelm Institute - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Kaiser Wilhelm Institute or Kaiser Wilhelm Society (in German Kaiser-Wilhelm-Gesellschaft, after Wilhelm II of Germany) was the name of a number of scientific institutes in Germany before World War II.
		Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Chemistry, founded 1911 in Berlin, Dahlem, it now houses the Institute for Chemistry of the Free University of Berlin
		Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Physics, in Berlin (Director 1917-1933: Albert Einstein)
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Kaiser_Wilhelm_Institute (322 words)

	Fritz Lenz - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In 1933 he came to Berlin where he established the first specific department devoted to eugenics, at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute of Anthropology, Human Heredity, and Eugenics.
		The results of his research were published in 1921 and 1932 in collaboration with Erwin Baur and Eugen Fischer in two volumes that were later combined under the title Human Heredity Teaching and Racial Hygiene (1936).
		For Lenz human genetics established that the connection between racial identity and human nature was actually physical in character, and thus validated the racialised politics of the Nazis.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Fritz_Lenz (445 words)

	Toby Bensimon - History and the Internet 3 with Dr David Hart
		Local eugenics groups started across the United States, eugenic themes diffused into groups devoted to sex education and sex hygiene, and were evident in the baby-health competitions that spread to some forty states before the war.
		Eugenics was a good source of grants and of prestige which had put science and scientists at the heart of government, which was where they wanted to stay.
		If we are to avoid the eugenics horrors of the past, we will have to foster a state that is independent of science, and we will have to foster a science that cannot shelter its abuses behind the power of the state.
	members.tripod.com /tobybensimon (3463 words)

	Facts about eugenics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		The word "eugenics" (from the Greek εὐγενής, for "well-born") was coined by Sir Francis Galton, a cousin of Charles Darwin, to refer to the study and use of selective breeding (of animals or humans) to improve a species over generations.
		Compared to today's definition, Galton made a confusion between the genetic improvement of the human races by selection of hereditary features considered to be desirable and/or elimination of the traits considered to be undesirable, and the improvement of the individuals by actions related to their living conditions.
		Eugenic considerations also lay behind the adoption of incest laws in much of the U.S. Some states also practiced sterilization of "imbeciles" for much of the 20th century.
	www.supercrawler.com /Facts/eugenics.html (663 words)

	Print Version: Hitler made eugenics famous, but he took it from United States
		Eugenics was the racist American pseudoscience determined to wipe away all human beings except those who conformed to a Nordic stereotype.
		Eugenics would have been little more than bizarre parlor talk had it not been for massive financing by corporate philanthropies, specifically the Carnegie Institution, the Rockefeller Foundation and the Harriman railroad fortune.
		The Rockefeller Foundation, the Carnegie Institution, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, and the Max Planck Institute — the successor to the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute — all gave unlimited access and unstinting assistance in the course of this investigation.
	www.jewishledger.com /articles/2004/09/02/book_reviews/book19.prt (1193 words)

	Eugenics - SourceWatch
		Modern eugenics is directed chiefly toward the discouragement of propagation among the unfit (negative eugenics) and encouragement of propagation among those who are healthy, intelligent, and of high moral character (positive eugenics).
		The word eugenics (from the Greek eugenes or wellborn) was coined in 1883 by Francis Galton, an Englishman and cousin of Charles Darwin, who applied Darwinian science to develop theories about heredity and good or noble birth.
		The Kaiser Wilhelm Institute of Anthropology, Human Heredity, and Eugenics was founded in 1927; by 1933 a sterilization law which had been entitled "Eugenics in the service of public welfare" indicated compulsory sterilization "for the prevention of progeny with hereditary defects" in cases of "congenital mental defects, schizophrenia, manic-depressive psychosis, hereditary epilepsy...
	www.sourcewatch.org /index.php?title=Eugenics (2257 words)

	The Horrifying American Roots of Nazi Eugenics
		Eugenics was the racist pseudoscience determined to wipe away all human beings deemed "unfit," preserving only those who conformed to a Nordic stereotype.
		Eugenics was born as a scientific curiosity in the Victorian age.
		Human genetics' genocidal roots in eugenics were ignored by a victorious generation that refused to link itself to the crimes of Nazism and by succeeding generations that never knew the truth of the years leading up to war.
	hnn.us /articles/1796.html (2760 words)

	Professor Sheila Faith Weiss - Research
		Given my twin interests in German history and the history of human heredity and evolution, eugenics in Germany (or Rassenhygiene as it is called in German), appeared to be the perfect way of combining these two topics.
		My research undertaken under the auspices of the Presidential Commission dealt with the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Anthropology, Human Heredity, and Eugenics (KWIA), one of the premier German research centers for human genetics in the first half of the twentieth century.
		Mengele at Verschuer's Institute for Hereditary Biology and Racial Hygiene in Frankfurt
	people.clarkson.edu /~sheilafw/research.htm (1195 words)

	War Against the Weak - Documentation
		Eugenics Research Office [ERO] copy of the September 1910 edition of Archiv für Rassen- und Gesellschafts-Biologie, featuring articles by German eugenics founding father Alfred Ploetz, Ernst Rüdin (who later became president of the International Federation of Eugenic Organizations), and Roderick Plate (who would become a demographic and statistical expert for Nazi killer Adolf Eichmann).
		Ernst Rüdin, director of the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Anthropology, Human Heredity and Eugenics.
		Human Betterment Foundation Annual Report for 1935 citing a letter from board member C. Goethe to racist eugenicist E. Gosney, bragging: "You will be interested to know that your work has played a powerful part in shaping the opinions of the group of intellectuals who are behind Hitler in this epoch-making program.
	www.waragainsttheweak.com /documentation.php (545 words)

	ELSI Eugenics Archive (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		However, a eugenic social agenda only gathered support after the humiliating loss of WWI, when Germans felt beset by adversaries both outside and inside their borders.
		In 1927, the Rockefeller Foundation provided funds to construct the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Anthropology, Human Heredity, and Eugenics in Berlin, which came under the directorship of the appropriately named Eugen Fischer.
		Adolf Hitler read Fischer's textbook Principles of Human Heredity and Race Hygiene while in prison at Landsberg and used eugenical notions to support the ideal of a pure "Aryan" society in his manifesto, Mein Kampf (My Struggle).
	www.eugenicsarchive.org /eugenics/topic.pl?theme=41&search=&matches= (286 words)

	Deadly Medicine: Creating the Master Race
		Director of the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Anthropology, Human Heredity, and Eugenics
		Fischer retired in 1942 as Director of the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Anthropology, Human Heredity, and Eugenics.
		From 1946 to1957, Lenz was Director of the Institute for Human Genetics, University of Göttingen.
	www.ushmm.org /museum/exhibit/online/deadlymedicine/profiles (1318 words)

	ISAR - Brief History of European and American Eugenics Movements (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		The conference testifies to the fact that the science of genetics was still intricately interwoven with eugenics and that the cutting edge of the science of genetics was also the cutting edge for the scientific justification of racism.
		The Russian Eugenics Society was led by N.I. Vavilov.11 A Eugenics Bureau was established under the auspices of the Russian Academy of Sciences in 1922.12 The Russian eugenicists published two journals, The Russian Eugenics Journal and the Bulletin of the Bureau of Eugenics.
		Mjoen was a major figure in the international eugenics movement and a key figure pushing for coordination among eugenics institutions.
	www.ferris.edu /isar/arcade/eugenics/movement.htm (2662 words)

	Eugenics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		A comparative history of eugenics concludes the book, in which Adams discusses what he calls myths about eugenics: eugenics was not a single, coherent, Anglo-American movement with unified goals and beliefs; that eugenics was not intrinsically bound up with Mendelian genetics; and that eugenics was not a pseudoscience.
		Eugenics combines evolutionary theory and a theory of human heredity to focus political concerns about population policy and control, according to Weingart who holds that both scientists and politicians used eugenics to advance their causes.
		Stepan examines eugenics in Latin America as a science of heredity that was shaped by political, institutional and cultural factors, and also as a social movement with an explicit set of policy proposals that seemed to eugenicists to be logically formed from hereditarian science.
	www.georgetown.edu /research/nrcbl/publications/scopenotes/sn28.htm (8866 words)

	Eugen Fischer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		Born in Karlsruhe, Germany, Fischer joined the Nazi party soon after it was established.
		A book, Human Hereditary Teaching and Racial Hygiene, co-written by him and Edwin Bauer and Fritz Lentz, served as the "scientific" basis for Nazism's attitude toward other races.
		He served as the head of the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute of Anthropology, Human Heredity, and Eugenics, until 1933, when Hitler appointed him rector of the University of Berlin.
	bopedia.com /en/wikipedia/e/eu/eugen_fischer.html (187 words)

	Professor Sheila Faith Weiss - Curriculum Vitae
		Research on Human Heredity and Eugenics at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Anthropology (KWIA) During the Third Reich in its International Context.
		Eugenics, Human Genetics and Human Failings: The Eugenics Society, its Sources and its Critics in Britain, by Pauline M. Mazumdar (New York: Routledge, 1992).
		Since one of the units in our course dealt specifically with the Human Genome Project, I felt it would be important for students to experience what was being done at the major governmental and private labs where the sequencing work was being undertaken.
	people.clarkson.edu /~sheilafw/cv.htm (1588 words)

	Skeletons in the Closet of German Science \| Current Affairs \| Deutsche Welle \| 18.05.2005
		Enshrined in the Hippocratic Oath is a commitment to "treading with care in matters of life and death." During the Third Reich, science jettisoned these principles in a bid to advance the perfection of the German race.
		After spending six years researching the history of the Institute, Hans-Walter Schmuhl from the University of Bielefeld is convinced that these were not the only instances of collaboration between the institute and Auschwitz.
		In 1942, Josef Mengele's former professor Othmar von Verschuer was made director of the Institute for Anthropology, Human Heredity and Eugenics in Dahlem, Berlin.
	www.dw-world.de /popups/popup_printcontent/0,,1587307,00.html (751 words)

	Eugenics and the Nazis -- the California connection
		Eugenics was the pseudoscience aimed at "improving" the human race.
		Another in the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute's complex of eugenics institutions was the Institute for Brain Research.
		In 1935, Verschuer left the institute to form a rival eugenics facility in Frankfurt that was much heralded in the American eugenics press.
	www.sfgate.com /cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/chronicle/archive/2003/11/09/ING9C2QSKB1.DTL (2874 words)

	Don't Blame Eugenics, Blame Politics [Free Republic]
		Germany’s criminal abuse of eugenics was never better illustrated than by Professor Otmar Freiherr von Verschuer, who was the director of the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute of Anthropology, Human Heredity and Eugenics, founded in 1927 with money in part provided by the Rockefeller and Loeb foundations in America.
		If we are to avoid eugenics horrors in the future, we will have to foster a state that is independent of science, and we will have to foster a science that cannot shelter its abuses behind the power of the state.
		Human nature is not malleable as the left believes it to be, but it may become malleable.
	www.freerepublic.com /forum/a3abb945d63a4.htm (11353 words)

	Connecticut's Nazi influence [Archive] - Sean Hannity Discussion
		Eugenics would have been so much bizarre parlor talk had it not been for massive financing by corporate philanthropies, specifically the Carnegie Institution, the Rockefeller Foundation and the Harriman railroad fortune.
		The genocidal eugenic roots of genetics were lost to a victorious generation that refused to link itself to the crimes of Nazism, and succeeding generations that never knew the truth of the years leading up to war.
		Human genetics became an enlightened endeavor in the later 20th century.
	www.hannity.com /forum/archive/index.php/t-3759.html (3451 words)

	British Eugenics Society - Sa-Sl
		She was useful to the eugenic societies as a sort of icon.
		He and Kallmann of the American Eugenics Society represent the "Munich school", that is, the school of Rudin, who was the architect of Hitler's race laws.
		Ernst Rudin was a founder/member of the German Eugenics Society (Society for Racial Hygiene (Eugenics); Professor of Psychiatry, Munich University; Curator, Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Anthropology, Human Heredity Teaching and Eugenics; Director: The Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Genealogy and Demography, Research Institute for Psychiatry.
	www.eugenics-watch.com /briteugen/eug_sasl.html (2922 words)

	War Against the Weak: Eugenics and America's Campaign to Create a Master Race by Edwin Black \| PopMatters Book Review
		Rockefeller money was still going to the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Anthropology, Human Heredity and Eugenics and other Nazi research centers up to the eve of the invasion of Poland.
		Instead of the term eugenics, with its incendiary associations, the preferred label is now the more neutral "human genetics." However, remnants of the eugenic philosophy can be discerned in practices like premarital blood testing, IQ and other standardized tests, and so-called free market solutions to social welfare.
		The dilemma of reducing life to DNA is determining at what point it ceases to be human and therefore subject to laws of ethics and morality.
	popmatters.com /books/reviews/w/war-against-the-weak.shtml (1370 words)

	The Holocaust Chronicle PROLOGUE: Roots of the Holocaust, page 384
		Criminal and completely unethical medical experimentation carried out on human "guinea pigs" by German physicians mutilated and murdered more than 7000 men, women, and children.
		Victims were initially taken from Germany's general population (physically handicapped and mentally ill), then from the ranks of concentration-camp prisoners and POWs.
		Nazi scientists were curious about the limits of human endurance as well as bodily reaction to a whole catalogue of remorseless physical insult.
	www.holocaustchronicle.org /StaticPages/384.html (463 words)

	Scope Note 28: Eugenics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		The word eugenics (from the Greek eugenes or well-born) was coined in 1883 by Francis Galton, an Englishman and cousin of Charles Darwin, who applied Darwinian science to develop theories about heredity and good or noble birth
		Great Britain, the United States, and Germany were the countries most involved with eugenic science in the first half of this century, but interest was present in Europe and other parts of the world.
		With the development of new genetic technologies, and the technical ability to change an individual's genetic heritage, eugenics is once again a topic both discussed and written about throughout the world.
	www.csu.edu.au /learning/ncgr/gpi/grn/edures/scope.28.html (785 words)

	Joseph Mengele, Auschwitz, Nazi Medical Experiments -- This is what Bush Family Eugenics Values REALLY Means. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		The central importance of the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Psychiatry for Nazi race policies is stressed in Hans...
		The fact that Ernst Rüdin, the past IFEO president and director of the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Psychiatry, was serving as a chief adviser to the Nazi government was viewed as a "great opportunity.
		He met with Hans Nachtsheim, a geneticist at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Anthropology, Human Heredity, and Eugenics, and examined Nachtheim's elaborate experiments on the genetic causes of disease.
	ecosyn.us /Bush-Hitler/Blogspot/Mengele_&_Nazi_Doctors/Mengele_Eugenics.html (1330 words)

	THE NAZI DOCTORS: Medical Killing and the Psychology of Genocide
		His anthropological assistant was given quality Swiss instruments, a white coat “like the physicians,” a secretary to write down observations, and a prisoner anthropology student to help her.
		Teresa W. told me that Mengele never discussed his research aims with her, but she considered the work scientifically legitimate and had testified earlier that “in the area of recognized anthropology, [work with twins] constitutes a very important part of research, in.
		Mengele remained in close contact with Professor Verschuer throughout his stay in Auschwitz and regularly sent him research results and specimens at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute of Anthropology and Human Heredity and Eugenics in Berlin-Dahlem that Verschuer then headed.
	www.holocaust-history.org /lifton/LiftonT357.shtml (386 words)

	WU Libraries Bio. Dept. 2005 Publications (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		Human heredity and politics: a comparative institutional study of the Eugenics Record Office at Cold Spring Harbor (United States), the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Anthropology, Human Heredity and Eugenics (Germany) and the Maxim Gorky Medical Genetics Institute (USSR).
		Psb29, a conserved 22-kD protein, functions in the biogenesis of photosystem II complexes in Synechocystis and Arabidopsis.
		SDF-1 promotes the transenclothelial migration of circulating human CD14(+) monocytes and osteoclast (OC) precursors, resulting in greater RANKL-induced OC formation and bone resorption.
	www.library.wustl.edu /units/biology/reprints/2005_working.html (2305 words)

	Skeletons in the closet of German science
		Best known for his unspeakably horrific medical experiments using twins, Mengele's first project with the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute was an investigation into how specific proteins can help identify racial origin.
		During the war years, this field was one of the institute's man research areas." In 1942, Josef Mengele's former professor Othmar von Verschuer was made director of the Institute for Anthropology, Human Heredity and Eugenics in Dahlem, Berlin.
		Mengele sent blood samples from some 200 patients of various race to his partner at the Berlin institute, while Karin Magnussen received human parts from the notorious concentration camp, such as eyes taken from a dead Sinti family.
	www.niburu.nl /showarticle.php?articleID=7824%E2%8C%A9=ENG (916 words)

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