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Topic: Kalam islamic term


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In the News (Fri 24 May 13)

  
  ILM al-KALAM
The doctors of kalam (mutakallimun) themselves were to take a very similar view: this is one of many well-known definitions: 'kalam is the science which is concerned with firmly establishing religious beliefs by adducing proofs and with banishing doubts' (from the Mawaqif of al-_dhi, 8th/14th cent.).
Kalam) the atomic theory (nor that of the 'modes') which characterizes the mutakallimun, but their primary concern to engage in disputation and argument to defend the faith against the zanadiqa of the period, the 'free-thinkers' inspired by Mazdeism or Manicheism, and later by pure Greek rationalism.
Kalam, based as it is upon its function of defensive apologia, does not hold the leading place in Muslim thought that theology does in Christianity.
www.muslimphilosophy.com /ei2/kalam.htm   (8490 words)

  
  Kalam - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Kalam (علم الكلم) in Arabic means speech or discourse and refers to the Islamic tradition of seeking theological principles through dialectic.
It also refers to the trend in Islamic thought of scholasticism, somewhat akin to the rabbinical tradition of ascertaining the law.
Followers of Kalam are referred to as Mutakallimun.
en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Kalam_(Islamic_term)   (122 words)

  
 Term
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Term logic Traditional logic, also known as term logic, is a loose term for the logical tradition that originated with...
Term of disparagement Terms of disparagement (or fighting words) are queer whose use usually arouses painful feelings i...
www.brainyencyclopedia.com /topics/term.html   (809 words)

  
 Ijtihad - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
Ijtihad is a technical term of the Islamic law that describes the process of making a legal decision by independent interpretation of the sources of the law, the Qur'an and the Sunna.
What is clear is that long after the 10th century the principles of ijtihad continued to be discussed in the Islamic legal literature, and other Asharites continued to argue with their Mutazilite rivals about its applicability to sciences.
In Islamic political theory ijtihad is often counted as one of the essential qualifications of the caliph, e.g.
www.sevenhills.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Ijtihad   (573 words)

  
 Islamic and Arabic word definitions - Glossary of Terms specifically words starting with the letters A B and C   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
The word is used as a technical term in Islamic architecture to designate stone, marble or brick decoration in which two colors or tones (often one light and one dark) are used alternately in courses by way of contrast.
kalam and had a profound impact on the thought both of his age and that of succeeding generations through his disciples, whether or not they agreed with him.
Islamic literature has expanded upon this Qur'anic story and given him special roles in the cosmology of the Isma'ilis, being the first of seven natiqs.
www.islamic-paths.org /Home/English/Glossary/ABC.htm   (5401 words)

  
 Modernists June 1999   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
The Islamic thought became inward looking on one hand, and, lost some of its most fundamental concerns like justice for weaker sections of society.
For example, 'Ilm al-Kalam (Islamic dialectics) came into existence as a reaction to the widening influence of Greek philosophy and Greek sciences during the Abbasid period.
Kalam, undoubtedly influenced the great minds of Islamic world of the time and also the succeeding generation for several centuries.
www.islam21.net /pages/keyissues/key1-9.htm   (2660 words)

  
 India - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Following the Islamic invasions in the beginning of the second millennium, much of north and central India came to be ruled by the Delhi Sultanate, and later, much of the entire subcontinent by the Mughal dynasty.
He (or she) is elected by legislators of the political party, or coalition, commanding a parliamentary majority, and serves a five-year term incumbent upon enjoying this majority.
The two main forms in terms of classical music are Carnatic from South India and Hindustani from the north.
en.wikipedia.org /wiki/India   (3874 words)

  
 The Punishment of the Apostate According to Islamic Law
The Islamic law of apostasy is a symptom of a strong and pervasive traditional Muslim attitude, religious and political, toward non-Muslims and the non-Islamic world.
Islamic jurisprudence is not confined to the punishment of apostasy.
Islamic law gives the same position to God and the Apostle which British law gives to the King and the royal family in their capacity as supreme authority.
answering-islam.org /Hahn/Mawdudi   (19047 words)

  
 DAWN - Letters; 28 November, 2004
Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, a scholar of Islam, has called taqleed an epidemic that caught Islamic society after three-and-a-half centuries of the death of the Holy Prophet (peace be upon him).
The founders of the so-called schools of Islamic thought themselves said that their interpretation of things was simply dependent on the existing conditions and if those conditions changed, their judgments would no longer remain valid.
Islamic schools are still dominated by scholars who lack modern knowledge and base their judgment on outdated concepts and consider themselves the sole authority in this regard.
www.dawn.com /2004/11/28/letted.htm   (2695 words)

  
 Faith, Practice, and Law in Sunni and Shi'i Islam
Hence in Islam, like traditional Judaism, Islamic practice in harmony with guidance given by God's revelation is emphasized as being the key to salvation.
The basis of Islamic doctrine is rooted in the Qur'an.
Method in Mufid's Kalam and in Christian Theology Written by the Catholic scholar and specialist in Islamic theology, Martin McDermott, this article compares the "dogmatic theology" (kalam) of the well-known medieval Shi'i scholar, Shaykh al-Mufid, to Christian theology.
www.uga.edu /islam/faith.html   (1377 words)

  
 Frequently Asked Questions about Islam and MUslims - Frequently Asked Questions
In fact, the three terms share the same meaning as the law originating from God, but during their development, each term denotes its specific meaning.
Islamic Law is a modern term that denotes the positive laws of Islam.
Islamic Law is then parts of the shari’ah and fiqh laws adopted by a state to become its positive laws.
www.islamic-paths.org /Home/English/FAQ/Law/Shariah_Fiqh_Law.htm   (739 words)

  
 Joseph Kenny OP: THE RELEVANCE OF THEOLOGY TO THE ORDINARY LIFE OF MUSLIMS IN NIGERIA   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
Yet traditional beliefs are responsible for the widespread use of Islamic amulets against the dodo, or evil spirits, and for the continued practice of bori to exorcize spirits causing sickness.
Common Islamic teaching is that the Qur'ân is the very speech of God projected onto paper or ink or sound waves.
In the Nigerian context this respect can be seen among sellers of Islamic literature who are not willing to allow any stranger who does not seem to be a Muslim pick up and examine their wares, particularly the sacred text.
www.diafrica.org /nigeriaop/kenny/TheolLife.htm   (2387 words)

  
 [No title]
This Islamic occasionalism allows for creation from nothing, miracles, and for the existence of God, for which it is the principal kalamic proof.
Saadiah uses Kalam arguments, as well, in proving the unity of God, and his doctrine of attributes is similar to that of the Mutazilah.
Traces of the speculation of the Kalam are to be found in Bahya ibn Paquda and Joseph ibn Zaddik's proofs of creation.
www.yesselman.com /JewPhil.htm   (8932 words)

  
 CHAPTER V
According to L. Massignon, Islamic art is built on a theory of the universe, founded on the belief about the world, which was persistently defended by all orthodox Islamic philosophers who did not fall under the influence of the Greeks.
Within Kalam as a whole and among its spokesmen, there was no unity on the question of the limit of divisibility but evidence of the absence in the Mutakallims doctrine of some necessary, inner link between the atomistic problematic and the ideological conceptions common to the school, not to mention Kalam as a whole.
Kalam for the Peripatetics was a school, concentrated not around a definite world outlook system, but around definite ways of reasoning which are less productive and less beneficial than the apodectic system of thought.
www.crvp.org /book/Series04/IVA-13/chapter_v.htm   (11339 words)

  
 Islamic theology
The decline of kalam appeared to be irreversible, shunned as it was by traditionalists and rationalists alike.
The proponents of kalam also liked to refer to it as 'ilm al-usul (the science of basic principles) or 'ilm al-tawhid (the science of [affirming God's] unity), and it is under this latter name that some of its topics continue to be taught and discussed in Muslim educational institutions today.
On the face of it, the vibrancy and capacity for self-regeneration of the Islamic faith seem to be proportionately resistant to the emergence of systematic theologies and philosophies.
www.muslimphilosophy.com /ip/rep/h009.htm   (4799 words)

  
 An Introduction to 'Ilm al-Kalam
One of the results was that kalam raised new problems for philosophy, and philosophy helped in widening the scope of kalam, in the sense that dealing with many philosophical problems came to be considered necessary in kalam.
Of course, it is evident that none of the Islamic sects denied justice as one of the Divine Attributes.
It was during this period that a heated controversy began extending to all corners of the vast Islamic dominions of the period.
www.muslimphilosophy.com /ip/kalam.htm   (15294 words)

  
 Learn more about List of Islamic terms in Arabic in the online encyclopedia.   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
dajjal - the Islamic counterpart to the Antichrist
Some Islamic concepts are usually referred to in Persian or Turkic.
Those are typically of later origin that the concepts listed here - for completeness it may be best to list Persian terms and those unique to Shia on their own page, likewise Turkic terms and those unique to the Ottoman period on their own page, as these are culturally very distinct.
www.onlineencyclopedia.org /l/li/list_of_islamic_terms_in_arabic.html   (1444 words)

  
 Salafi   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
Salafis believe that popular Islamic practices such as venerating the graves of prophets and saints to be akin to pre-Islamic idolatry, and thus properly regarded as shirk, or idolatry.
Salafis consider kalam to be heretical, as the theologians were influenced by Greek philosophy as well as Jewish and Christian doctrine.
In matters of Islamic law, Salafis, other than the Wahhabis (who are Hanbalis), tend to prefer the legal doctrines espoused by Ibn Hazm, Ibn Taymiya, Ibn al-Qayyim, al-Shawkani and Siddiq Hasan Khan.
www.worldhistory.com /wiki/S/Salafi.htm   (1061 words)

  
 Kalam and Islam
The scholars of kalam certainly did not agree with Ghazali on this latter point, and history attests to their continued confidence in it as a medium of discovery, producing what has subsequently been regarded by almost everyone as a period of excess in kalam literature.
In an Islamic world growing ever younger with the burgeoning population, there is a danger that those quoting Qur'anic verses and hadiths without a grasp of the historical issues will stir up the hearts of young Muslims against each other in sectarian strife.
The latter is one of the most important lessons that the history of kalam can teach; that if Muslims cannot expect to agree on everything in matters of faith, they can at least agree on the broad essentials, and not to let their differences descend from their heads to their hearts.
www.livingislam.org /k/ki_e.html   (5196 words)

  
 Key to Islamic Concepts
Many people ask why the term "Allah" is used instead of "God" and assume it's use implies that Muslims worship a separate God.
As a matter of fact the term "holy war" was coined in Europe during the Crusades, meaning the war against Muslims.
There is no fixed age for that in terms of years and it is decided by three signs: having a menstruation, period or pregnancy for girls, and being physically mature or having a wet dream for boys, growing pubic hair, or reaching the age of fifteen, whichever comes first.
islamicweb.com /begin/key_con.htm   (4835 words)

  
 Partisan Review
They all accuse it of failing to appreciate the intrinsic value of Islamic ideas, its deeply democratic and peaceful essence, and of describing it as an irrational reaction to modernity and a major threat to Western civilization.
Islamism is, broadly speaking, a movement of the urban and rural poor and of the lower middle class.
These segments of the population in the Islamic world are suffering not only spiritually but materially as a result of economic stagnation; and there is a considerable amount of social dynamite.
www.bu.edu /partisanreview/archive/2001/3/laqueur.html   (1778 words)

  
 Key to Islamic Terms
In order to understand Islam it is necessary to know the meaning of certain key terms and the identity of some proper names.
Instead of saying "thanks" (Shukran), the Islamic statement of thanks is to say this phrase.
This key to terms has had its beginnings from the information contained in the booklet Introducing Islam to Non-Muslims by Hussein Khalid Al-Hussein and Ahmad Hussein Sakr.
www.islamicweb.com /begin/key_term.htm   (1706 words)

  
 RELI 221 - Islam and Muslim Cultures
Historical Dictionary of Islamic Fundamentalist Movements - BP 60.M36 1999 - Synopses of the origins, actions, ideas, and principles of Islamic fundamentalist groups and their leaders in Arab countries, Iran, and Turkey.
Islamic Studies Pathways - An academic guide to Islamic studies resources on the Internet, compiled by a Lecturer in Islamic Studies at University of Wales.
Islamic Studies site by a religion professor at the University of Georgia - a scholarly overview of Islam and related subjects, with extensive annotated indexes to other web sites.
www.wesleyan.edu /libr/course/reli221.html   (1283 words)

  
 Infinity and Jesus' Humanity--Ummah.comComparative Religion   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
When a Christian uses the term, infinite, with respect to God, he doesn't use it in the sense of infinite spatial or temporal extension.
Since the term, infinite, can have different meanings, it would be helpful at this point to distinguish the different types of infinites.
The term, actual infinite, is confusing, because the word, actual, makes it seem as if it were actually possible for there to be an actual infinite.
www.ummah.net /forum/showthread.php?t=36998   (2939 words)

  
 Amazon.ca: Books: Defenders of Reason in Islam: Mu'tazilism from Medieval School to Modern Symbol   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
Mu'tazilism was a school of Islamic theological discourse (kalam) that enjoyed the patronage of many Muslim rulers during the Abbasid Age (800-1050 CE).
The authors compare these texts both in term of their theological (kalam) arguments as well as in terms of the context in which they were written.
Atmaja, on the other hand, is a young Indonesian Islamic intellectual conversant in historical texts and, like many of his contemporaries, trying to come to terms with modernity and postmodernity.
www.amazon.ca /exec/obidos/ASIN/1851681477   (723 words)

  
 Islamica Community Forums - Ilm al Kalaam   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
I would also supplement you're learning of Kalam with lectures by Shaykh Nuh Ha Meem Keller with regards to the Pathos of Scientism (which can be found at www.suhba.org under "lessons" after you click PUblic access) and in general, you also study the works of Imam Ghazzali so you don't get carried away by them.
I'm guessing what you want is people discussing the legitimacy of kalam though, in which case that's something that's continued to the present day and I personally feel looking at the present debate is just as if not more useful that reading the classical scholars, though perhaps there's something I don't know.
The Involvement of the Pious Salaf in Kalam
www.islamicaweb.com /archive/t-22542   (7864 words)

  
 The crisis of criminality in the Muslim community in Britain
In the Chapter of the Prophets (60:21), the term fata is used to describe Abraham, who had, with characteristic fearlessness, destroyed the idols of his people, and who was about to be thrown into the fire by them.
In general terms, to lobby local and central government to put extra funds into helping our community that has the highest unemployment (over 40% for our youth), the poorest educational record, the highest poverty and the highest crime rates.
She was the most knowledgeable of Muslim women in Sacred Law, religion, and Islamic behaviour, having married Prophet Mohammed (saw) in the second year after the Migration, becoming the dearest of his wives in Medina.
www.islamfortoday.com /birt01.htm   (8105 words)

  
 Amazon.com: Books: History of Islamic Philosophy (Routledge History of World Philosophies)   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
Islamic Philosophy, Theology, and Mysticism by Majid Fakhry
The influence of the Qur'an on kalam discussions was due to a number of factors.
transubstantial motion, temporal createdness, term hikmah, necessary certitude, conjunction with the active intellect, ili philosophy, traditional madrasahs, early kaldm, synthetic discourse, syllogistic arts, sagesse orientale, poetic syllogisms, transmitted sciences, intellectual sciences, mundus imaginalis, spiritual traveller, estimative faculty, acquired intellect, representational faculty, evil poem, five predicables, traditional commandments, individual providence, actual intellect, potential intellect
www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0415259347?v=glance   (603 words)

  
 Jihãd in the Shariat   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
In Islam, the term ‘Shariat’ is often used to mean the system of ordinances as given in the Koran and the Hadis.
The school of Hanîfah being the most popular in the Islamic world, I shall confine my attention to that school alone and use Shykh Burhanuddin Ali’s (d.
The question does not arise in Islamic states where the Sultans and Padishahs count as lawfully constituted Imams.
www.bharatvani.org /books/jihad/ch9.htm   (1161 words)

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