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Topic: Kalmar War

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	CHRISTIAN IV. - LoveToKnow Article on CHRISTIAN IV.
		In the war with Sweden, generally known as the Kalmar War, because its chief operation was the capture by the Danes of Kalmar, the eastern fortress of Sweden, Christian compelled Gustavus Adoiphus to give way on all essential points (treaty of Knred, 20th of January 1613).
		They were now able, thanks to their conquests in the Thirty Years War, to attack Denmark from the south as well as the east; the Dutch alliance promised to secure them at sea, and an attack upon Denmark would prevent her from utilizing the impending peace negotiations to the prejudice of Sweden.
		In May the Swedish Riksrd decided upon war; on the 12th of December the Swedish marshal Lennart Torstensson, advancing from Bohemia, crossed the northern frontier of Denmark; by the end of January 1644 the whole peninsula of Jutland was in his possession.
	www.75.1911encyclopedia.org /C/CH/CHRISTIAN_IV_.htm (1483 words)

	Articles - History of Scandinavia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		A brief Swedish civil war ensued in 1066 primarily reflecting the divisions between practitioners of indigenous religions and advocates of Christianity; by the mid-twelfth century, the Christian faction appeared to have triumphed; the once resistant center of Uppsala became the seat of the Swedish Archbishop in 1164.
		The Great Northern War was the war fought between a coalition of Russia, Denmark-Norway and Saxony-Poland (from 1715 also Prussia and Hanover) on one side and Sweden on the other side from 1700 to 1721.
		The war did have a significant impact on the economy of the area, primarily as a result of the British blockade of Germany.
	www.healwater.com /articles/History_of_Scandinavia (5191 words)

	Gothenburg - LearnThis.Info Enclyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		In the early 17th century Sweden controlled only one point on the western coastline.
		An attempt in 1607 to found a city by the name of Gothenburg on the nearby island of Hisingen had failed due to the Kalmar War, but the second attempt in 1621, by King Gustavus Adolphus, was successful.
		Following the successive wars, by 1658 all the Danish eastern provinces were ceded to Sweden, by the Treaty of Roskilde.
	encyclopedia.learnthis.info /g/go/gothenburg.html (499 words)

	Charles IX, king of Sweden
		Sigismund landed an army at Kalmar (1598), was defeated by Charles at Stangebro, and was deposed by the Riksdag in 1599.
		Charles's claim to Lapland involved him in the unsuccessful Kalmar War (1611–13) with
		He died before the conclusion of the war and was succeeded by his son, Gustavus II.
	www.infoplease.com /id/A0811455 (292 words)

	Landsmen - Contents Summary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Emigration Through Hamburg, 1869-70 - Overview, with list of 315 Jewish famine victims aided by the Konigsberg Relief Committee, mostly from Suwalk-Lomza towns.
		Pilviski and Vicinity Pioneers in Des Moines - settling down with Wild Bill Hickock in the post-Civil War era.
		Kalmar and Vicinity, Sweden - List of Suwalk-Lomzers living there in the 19th century.
	www.jewishgen.org /SuwalkLomza/Contents.html (4584 words)

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