Kaluza-Klein theory

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	Kaluza-Klein theory - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In physics, Kaluza-Klein theory (or KK theory, for short) is a model which sought to unify the two fundamental forces of gravitation and electromagnetism.
		The base space of Kaluza-Klein theory need not be four-dimensional space-time; it can be any (pseudo-)Riemannian manifold, or even a supersymmetric manifold or orbifold.
		The theory was first published in 1921 and was discovered by the mathematician Theodor Kaluza who extended general relativity to a five-dimensional spacetime.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Kaluza-Klein_theory (1503 words)

	Theory Encyclopedia Article, Information, History and Biography @ NaturalResearch.org
		In the humanities, theory is often used as an abbreviation for critical theory or literary theory, referring to continental philosophy's aesthetics or its attempts to understand the structure of society and to conceptualize alternatives.
		In various sciences, a theory is a logically self-consistent model or framework for describing the behavior of a certain natural or social phenomenon, thus either originating from or supported by experimental evidence (see scientific method).
		For a given body of theory to be considered part of established scientific knowledge, it is usually necessary for it to characterize a critical experiment, namely an experimental result not predicted by any existing established theory.
	www.naturalresearch.org /encyclopedia/Theory (2814 words)

	Talk:Kaluza-Klein theory - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Didn't kaluza and klein ultimatly fail to unify general relativity with electromagnetism?, as I recall Einstein spent the latter part of his life working on this theory and failed to complete an accurate theory Cpl.Luke 04:53, 12 July 2005 (UTC)
		This is how I understand Kaluza-Klein theory: General Relativity directly explains gravitational deflection of light, and describes but does not explain gravitational acceleration of matter.
		It is too abstract: in physics, Kaluza-Klein theory is normally derived in terms of components of the metric.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Talk:Kaluza-Klein_theory (1207 words)

	A Mechanism for Accelerated Radioactive Decay
		Kaluza-Klein theory, originally proposed in 1921 to 1926, has been described as a miraculous synthesis of Einstein’s gravitation theory with Maxwell& equations of electricity and magnetism.
		While Kaluza required that physical quantities of ordinary spacetime should have zero or vanishingly small derivatives with respect to the fifth coordinate, Klein wanted to replace this assumption by the requirement that physical quantities be periodic with respect to this coordinate.
		Kaluza was a contemporary of Albert Einstein, and in fact Kaluza’s paper on this subject was presented to the Prussian Scientific Academy in Berlin by Einstein himself.
	www.creationresearch.org /crsq/articles/37/37_1/chaffin/acceldecay.html (3642 words)

	M Theory Visionists - Kaluza Klein Theory
		Kaluza and Klein showed in the 1920's that the Maxwell's equations can be derived by extending general relativity into five dimensions.
		In 1926, Kaluza and the physicist Klein proposed that the fifth dimension is round and not large.
		It was discovered by the mathematician Theodor Kaluza that if general relativity is extended to a five-dimensional spacetime, the equations can be separated out into ordinary four-dimensional gravitation plus an extra set, which is equivalent to Maxwell's equations for the electromagnetic field, plus an extra scalar field known as the "dilaton".
	worldcrossing.com /WebX?14@@.1dde6908 (1859 words)

	Viktor's Home Page: Kaluza-Klein theory
		I'm trying to reproduce Kaluza and Klein's result of obtaining the electromagnetic field by introducing a fifth dimension.
		My goal here, however, was simply to outline the approach and demonstrate through a simple case how it works, not to develop a comprehensive theory; that has been done by Kaluza over 80 years ago.
		By the way, all this is, by and large, the Kaluza part of the theory.
	www.vttoth.com /kaluza.htm (679 words)

	Kaluza-Klein theory
		In the 1980s and 1990s, Kaluza-Klein theory experienced a big revival and can now be seen as a precursor of string theory.
		In 1919 the German mathematician Theodor Kaluza (1885-1954) pointed out that if general relativity theory is extended to a five-dimensional spacetime, the equations can be separated out into ordinary four-dimensional gravitation plus an extra set, which is equivalent to Maxwell's equations for the electromagnetic field, plus an extra field known as the dilaton.
		Thus electromagnetism is explained as a manifestation of curvature in a fourth dimension of physical space, in the same way that gravitation is explained in Einstein's theory as a manifestation of curvature in the first three.
	www.daviddarling.info /encyclopedia/K/Kaluza-Klein_theory.html (240 words)

	Dilaton - TheBestLinks.com - Electromagnetic field, Graviton, Kaluza-Klein theory, M-theory, ...
		Although string theory naturally incorporates Kaluza-Klein theory, perturbative string theories, such as type I string theory, type II string theory and heterotic string theory, already contain the dilaton in the maximal number of 10 dimensions.
		Dilaton- TheBestLinks.com - Electromagnetic field, Graviton, Kaluza-Klein theory, M-theory,...
		Also in string theory, dilaton is a particle of a scalar field $\phi that can be viewed as the trace of the graviton; a scalar field (following the$ Klein-Gordon equation) that always comes with gravity.
	www.thebestlinks.com /Dilaton.html (285 words)

	5D Chapter 1
		Klein, of course, did extend Kaluza's theory and it would be hard to imagine that he wasn't in contact with Kaluza at some point to ask for Kaluza's help and opinion on the further development of the theory.
		Kaluza also seems to have worked alone, seems never to have published any other papers on his theory and, for all intents and purposes, seems to have ended his theoretical work on the five-dimensional concept with the publication of his paper.
		Within the context of this theory, new consequences arose for the five-dimensional theories: The weak variations of k were the functions of the ratio e/m and a fifteenth equation arose, depending on the variable k, which implied that the presence of uncharged matter in motion could produce a magnetic field.
	members.aol.com /yggdras/paraphysics/5dchap1.htm (12861 words)

	Aditya Mittal
		In 1926, Oskar Klein applied Kaluza's Theory to quantum theory, which is the basis of modern string theory.
		In a sense, String Theory is the ultimate Kaluza-Klein theory.
		The Modern Kaluza-Klein Theory can be used to model galaxies.
	www.pilani.com /Members/Aditya/DimensionsInSuperstrings.htm (1876 words)

	Looking for extra dimensions
		In the original Kaluza-Klein theory from the 1920s, had five spacetime dimensions, but the extra space dimension was rolled up into a tiny circle, existing everywhere but too small to see with existing instruments.
		In superstring theory, Kaluza-Klein compactification has to be done on six space dimensions at once.
		A theory with a rolled up dimension with size R turns out to be equivalent to a theory with a rolled up dimension of size L
	superstringtheory.com /experm/exper51.html (989 words)

	Kaluza, Klein, and the Grand Unified Theory - Science Articles :: Physics Post
		Kaluza discovered that when he introduced a fifth dimension into his calculations, he was able to describe both gravity and electromagnetism from the same underlying framework.
		Kaluza originally intended the fifth dimension as a mathematical trick to unify the theories rather than a real physical occurrence.
		Although the fifth dimension was a powerful unification tool, it was eclipsed by the newly developing field of Quantum Mechanics and fell into the shadows of theoretical physics for several years.
	www.physicspost.com /articles.php?articleId=43&page=3 (918 words)

	Space-Time-Matter
		Correlations Oskar Klein Theory that applied Kaluza's Theory to quantum theory and has become the basis of modern string and super string theory.
		Details are contained in his book, Space-Time-Matter, Modern Kaluza-Klein Theory, the article by Overduin and Wesson, and numerous references on web site.
		Correlations Theodor Kaluza Theory that used the fifth dimension to unified Maxwell's Electromagnetism and Albert Einstein's Gravitation Theory
	www.matter-antimatter.com /space-time-matter.htm (316 words)

	table
		My research was primarily inspired by the classical version of the 5-dimensional Einstein General Relativity Theory (the Kaluza-Klein Theory).
		I have then constructed a non-trivial perturbative solution of the generalized theory, which was found to be exact.
		First, I have constructed by a systematic study all the 4-stationary solutions of the ``special" theory, some of which were interpreted as neutral or charged distributional cosmic string sources.
	www.emu.edu.tr /~physics/azreg.htm (353 words)

	Derivation of a Bogomol'ny inequality in five-dimensional Kaluza-Klein theory, Joohan Lee, Rafael D. Sorkin
		Derivation of a Bogomol'ny inequality in five-dimensional Kaluza-Klein theory
		Derivation of a Bogomol'ny inequality in five-dimensional Kaluza-Klein theory, Joohan Lee, Rafael D. Sorkin
	projecteuclid.org /getRecord?id=euclid.cmp/1104161418 (23 words)

	Consistency of G-invariant Kaluza-Klein theory
		This simple Kaluza-Klein theory was investigated in detail in ref. [2], and it will be sufficient for our purposes to restrict our attention mainly to this model also in the present paper*.
		The present paper is a continuation and, in a sense, also a closure of a series of papers [1-5] in which we investigated the geometrical meaning of "dimensional reduction" - a procedure for obtaining an effective four-dimensional multifield theory from a multidimensional uni- (or "few") field theory.
		Here we argue that the resulting m-dimensional theory is, in general, inconsistent with the original one.
	quantumfuture.net /quantum_future/consistency.htm (649 words)

	Kaluza-Klein theory
		I'd never heard of Kaluza-Klein theory before today, and from what I've read I think that's rather odd.
		I know Einstein disproved Weyl's similar unified field theory (in which Einstein's and Maxwell's equations were also derived in a 5D spacetime) and Weyl believed his own work to be superseded by Schrodinger's, but I cannot find any similar disproof of KK theory, or anything that would suggest it suffered from the same problems.
		The amount of literature outlining the theory, its history and its problems in the net is very slim.
	www.physicsforums.com /showthread.php?p=856510#post856510 (678 words)

	Re: Status of Kaluza-Klein Theory
		Prev by thread: Re: Status of Kaluza-Klein Theory
		If these models are righ, we'll soon be seeing the > towers of massive states predicted by Kaluza-Klein theories.
		This even is probably a stronger than needed statement, because for example the old KK theory had a rather ad-hoc Lagrangian, making it somewhat less than GR.
	www.lns.cornell.edu /spr/2002-11/msg0045732.html (293 words)

	Geometry, Spinors, and Quantum Field Theory
		But Kaluza-Klein theory only naturally generates the bosonic half of the standard model; the spinor fields -- the fermions such as the electrons and quarks that constitute all matter -- are notably absent.
		The first clue that this is going to work comes from Kaluza-Klein theory, or the theory of hyperspace.
		These two theories, refined and verified to extraordinary accuracy, are beautiful mathematical descriptions of the dynamics of the physical universe.
	sifter.org /~aglisi/Physics/GSQFT.html (462 words)

	Colour and Higgs charges in G/H Kaluza-Klein theory
		Before going into the details of this paper's results, it is worthwhile analysing the relation between the geometrical framework used in [1], and the, so-called, Kaluza-Klein theory.
		Recently a geometrical theory of dimensional reduction was developed based on the concept of G-invariance of a Riemannian metric in a multidimensional Universe [1].
		Suppose the theory admits a ground state {phi0} with the property that the (4+n)-dimensional space E splits into a (local) product E = M x S with respect to the ground state metric g0
	quantumfuture.net /quantum_future/higgs_charges.htm (1038 words)

	Time Travel Portal :: View topic - Delta-Strings, Flux Tubes, Wormholes, Spacetime Foam & Extra Dimensions
		Wormholes and Flux Tubes in Kaluza-Klein Theory by Vladimir Dzhunushaliev and Douglas Singleton.
		It is shown that in 5D Kaluza-Klein theory there are everywhere regular wormhole-like solutions in which the magnetic field at the center is the origin of a rotation on the peripheral part of these solutions.
		The solution of the 5D Kaluza-Klein's theory is obtained.
	timetravelportal.com /viewtopic.php?t=1569 (4205 words)

	Re: Kaluza-Klein Theory and The Standard Model
		I also recommend looking at this well-written public lecture by Edward Witten, a pioneer in superstring theory.
		String theories are exciting because they include a natural way to unify gravity with the other three known forces, and do not contain mathematical infinities which have plagued other attempts at unification.
		String theories, originally developed in the 1970s, treat all of the different kinds of particles as one-dimensional "strings" vibrating in different modes in a many-dimensional space.
	www.madsci.org /posts/archives/dec99/945358787.Ph.r.html (443 words)

	www.myspace.com/thekaluzakleintheory
		The Kaluza-Klein Theory have recently started up and have found themselves very quickly, influences ranging from herbie hancock to dream theater.
		The Kaluza-Klein Theory's Latest Blog Entry [Subscribe to this Blog]
		View All of The Kaluza-Klein Theory 's Friends
	www.myspace.com /thekaluzakleintheory (494 words)

	Indical Tensor Package Using Notebook Interface -- from Mathematica Information Center
		The capabilities in IndexNotation package include: various indices with pretty printing, flexible definitions of indical objects and operators, manipulation of dummy indices, rule definition for indical objects, index splitting for Kaluza-Klein-like theory, index lowering or raising by a metric-type object, and more.
		These packages modelled on MathTensor(TM) contain routines for manipulating indical and component tensors in General Relativity and Kaluza-Klein Theory.
		In addition to, Tensor package, which uses the IndexNotation package as a library, has: pre-defined standard tensors and operators in general spacetime, differential form manipulation, tensor simplification by pattern matching, component tensors in general basis, and more.
	library.wolfram.com /infocenter/MathSource/755 (135 words)

	Grassmannian Kaluza-Klein theory
		The authors present a general discussion of Kaluza-Klein theory where the coordinates for the extra dimensions are taken to be anticommuting.
		The field equations are derived and their consistency with the metric ansatz is discussed.
		In particular, reselling and systematic downloading of files is prohibited.
	stacks.iop.org /0264-9381/6/1033 (167 words)

	Kaluza-Klein theory concept from the Astronomy knowledge base
		abstraction > hypothesis > theory > unified theory > Kaluza-Klein theory
		With the advent of higher dimensional theories such as superstrings, the Kaluza-Klein approach came back into fashion.
		Next unified theory: quantum gravity Up: unified theory Previous unified theory: grand unified theory
	www.csi.uottawa.ca:4321 /astronomy/Kaluza-Kleintheory.html (105 words)

	A Quasi-Spherical Gravitational Wave Solution in Kaluza-Klein Theory (ResearchIndex)
		A Quasi-Spherical Gravitational Wave Solution in Kaluza-Klein Theory
		It is also interesting to study gravitational radiation within the context of the Kaluza-Klein...
		INTRODUCTION The existence of gravitational waves is one of the basic consequences of the theory of general relativity.
	citeseer.ist.psu.edu /431838.html (230 words)

	DPF99 - Wormholes and Flux Tubes in Kaluza-Klein Theory
		Abstract: In this work spherically symmetric solutions to 5D Kaluza-Klein theory, with \electric" and/or\magnetic" _elds are examined.
		DPF99 - Wormholes and Flux Tubes in Kaluza-Klein Theory
		Di_erent relative strengths of the \electric" and \magnetic" chargesof the solutions are studied by varying certain parameters in our metric ansatz.
	www.dpf99.library.ucla.edu /session8/singleton0811.html (149 words)

	Noncommutative Geometry And A Discretized Version Of Kaluza-Klein Theory With A Finite Field Content (ResearchIndex)
		Noncommutative Geometry And A Discretized Version Of Kaluza-Klein Theory With A Finite Field Content
		Noncommutative Geometry And A Discretized Version Of Kaluza-Klein Theory With A Finite Field Content (ResearchIndex)
		0.3: Chiral Perturbation Theory In The Framework Of..
	citeseer.ist.psu.edu /52613.html (383 words)

	RK cv+lp
		18. Geometry of Kaluza-Klein theories, dans Proceedings of the Poiana-Brasov Summer School, ed.
		Gauge theories based on the non-commutative geometry, dans les proceedings du Workshop "Quantum Groups", ed.
		Non commutative extensions of classical theories in physics, dans le livre " Towards Quantum Gravity", Ed.
	dftuz.unizar.es /~rivero/research/others/LPNCG.htm (950 words)

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