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	Itelmens - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Itelmen, sometimes known as Kamchadal, are an ethnic group who are the original inhabitants living on the Kamchatka peninsula in the Russian Federation.
		Theirs was a substantial hunter-gatherer and fishing society with up to fifty thousand natives inhabiting the peninsula before they were decimated by the Cossacks in the eighteenth century.
		So much intermarriage took place between the natives and the Cossacks that Kamchadal now refers to the majority mixed population and the term Itelmens is reserved for persisting speakers of the original Kamchadal language (about a thousand).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Kamchadal (143 words)

	[No title]
		The Kamchadals have no time during the short fishing season to dry or smoke all the fish for the winter and the greater part of it is put in holes covered with stones and earth, and during the winter it is consumed in a decayed state by dogs as well as by men.
		The Kamchadals had still preserved the memory of times, when there was given attention to the needs and embellishment of churches, when they were conspicuous by their inner somtuousness, when there were monasteries building and to the service on Kamchatka devoted their energy such enlightened archpriests like the metropolitan Innocent.
		The kamchadals had to pay yassak and the othe rinhabitants were freed from this tax; but hte kosacks received from the governement during their whole life a monthly ration and were obliged to carry the function of police and guards.
	www.faculty.uaf.edu /ffdck/JochelsonTheKamchadals.doc (22820 words)

	Dog sledding tours on Kamchatka.
		The Kamchadal Race organizers are keen to make the Race an annual event in sport and cultural life of this region, and a very important highlight of winter tourism.
		Kamchadal Race is after a sustained development of sleddog sport to become one of the primary winter sports in Kamchatka.
		Kamchadal promises to be a spectacular race drawing attention of local, regional, national and global audiences.
	www.kamchatka-travel.ru /dogsledding.htm (629 words)

	From: Kirsten A
		Kamchadals are an indigenous group at the center of contemporary disputes over natural resources and the cultural significance of land in Kamchatka, a peninsula in Eastern Siberia.
		At the same time, Kamchadals^Ò indigenous status is questioned by state officials who claim that Kamchadals have lost their distinctive culture and have assimilated too thoroughly to be eligible for indigenous land grants.
		In this political struggle for recognition and status, Kamchadals typically articulate their identity through historical ties to land, and argue that it is constituted in large part via the social processes that surround fishing and hunting.
	www.columbia.edu /~chg7/2000aaa/nh.html (258 words)

	Shamanism in Siberia: Part III. Religion: Chapter VIII. The Shaman
		Krasheninnikoff[1] who travelled through the land of the Kamchadal in the middle of the eighteenth century, says that 'among the Kamchadal there is only one great annual ceremony, in November, and the chief róles at this ceremony belonged to old men'.
		From this meagre information we can scarcely decide whether among the Kamchadal of the time of Krasheninnikoff there was or not a family shaman, because as the old men played the róle not at ceremonials in separate families, but at communal ceremonies, we must rather call them communal shamans.
		Jochelson says: 'Both Steller and Krasheninnikoff assert that the Kamchadal had no professional shamans, but that every one could exercise that art, especially women and Koekehuch; that there was no special shaman garb; that they used no drum, but simply pronounced incantations and practised divination (Krasheninnikoff, iii.
	www.sacred-texts.com /sha/sis/sis02.htm (918 words)

	The Kamchadal Beliefs About God, the Creation of (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-07-20)
		The Kamchadals regard a certain Kutkhu as their god, and believe they are descended from him.
		He receives all the Kamchadals who have died, and gives poor dogs and rags to those who come richly dressed and with fine-dogs; and on the other hand he makes gifts of beautiful dogs and magnificent garments to those who come in tatters with old dogs.
		The Kamchadals willingly send their children, and some are educated at their own expense; all of which leads us to believe that soon Christianity will make great progress in this country.
	www.nordic-life.org /nmh/KamGods.htm (2273 words)

	Kamchatka PR 10/17/03 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-07-20)
		They agreed the KAMCHADAL race was a great opportunity for international competitors to mix in unique scenic surroundings and historical circumstances.
		The KAMCHADAL race will give experienced Alaskan, Canadian and European mushers the opportunity to race against local Russian mushers, especially Koryak, Even and Itelmen natives who do not usually possess the means to travel to other events.
		The KAMCHADAL race will probably be the last race of the season for many U.S. and Canadian mushers.
	www.cpinternet.com /~sbair/KamchatkaPR1.html (848 words)

	Kamchatka PR 10/17/03 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-07-20)
		FAIRBANKS, AK - The 2004 KAMCHADAL International Sled Dog Race, to be held in the Russian Far East in March 2004, is shaping up to be a significant event.
		Nordman is negotiating his potential involvement in KAMCHADAL as a race marshal.
		Tentative purse for the 2004 KAMCHADAL race is U.S. $25,000 and will be distributed in the following way: $7,000 for 1st place, $6,000 for 2nd, $5,000 for 3rd, $4,000 for 4th, and $3,000 for 5th.
	www.isd.net /~sbair/KamchatkaPR1.html (848 words)

	How to save the Itelmen language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-07-20)
		At present, the Itelmens (their old name is Kamchadals) make up a small ethnic subgroup of Palaeo-Asiatic peoples of northeastern Asia.
		In 1925, the Kamchatka Guberniya (Province) Revolutionary Committee decided not to consider the Kamchadals inhabiting the southern districts of Kamchatka as natives but to register them as Russians in their passports since they had lost their language and differed insignificantly from the Russians in their economic activities and lifestyle.
		Later, further loss of the native language went on under the influence of the campaign of closing the so-called "unpromising", ancient villages and resettling Itelmens (Kamchadals) to larger villages.
	www.raipon.org /english/library/ipw/number8/article8.html (2184 words)

	The Red Book of the Peoples of the Russian Empire
		The name Kamchadal was used to denote russified Itelmens, later it came to denote all the Russian-speaking local inhabitants of Kamchatka.
		The local Russians in their turn adjusted themselves to the environment of the Itelmens, and as a result of mixed marriages a mixed population, known as the Kamchadals, was created.
		The Kamchadals acted as an intermediate stage in the russification of the Itelmens.
	www.eki.ee /books/redbook/itelmens.shtml (1529 words)

	Международная Гонка на Собачьих упряжках КАМЧАДАЛ 2005 , 23-27 марта ...
		In a given year, IFs set up a World Cup Series of competitive events through which participants earn points and are subsequently ranked on a worldwide basis according to their performance in these premier events.
		The KAMCHADAL 2004 Race was an IFSS qualifyer and due to this, Magali Philip recieved second place in the IFSS 2004 World Cup Totals Mid Distance 8/12 Class and Jacques Philip 6th.
		Due to the complicated charter flight arrangements,the Kamchadal Race Committee has decided to set the deadline to enter the Kamchadal Race for February 15, 2005.
	www.vvv.ru /news/index.php3?news=6543 (478 words)

	Anthropology - Races of Mankind
		The general contour of the face, in part dependent on the form of the skull, varies much in different races, among whom it is loosely defined as oval, lozenge-shaped, pentagonal, andc.
		Of particular features, some of the most marked contrast to European types are seen in the oblique Chinese eyes, the broad-set Kamchadal cheeks, the pointed Arab chin, the snub Kirghis nose, the fleshy protuberant Negro lips, and the broad Kalmuk ear.
		Taken altogether, the features have a typical character which popular observation seizes with some degree of correctness, as in the recognition of the Jewish countenance in a European city.
	www.1902-encyclopedia.com /A/ANT/anthropology-3.html (4013 words)

	Encyclopedia: Palaeosiberian
		Chukchi and Koryak are spoken in easternmost Siberia and are thriving.
		Kamchadal is spoken on the Kamchatka peninsula and is nearly extinct.
		The group as a whole is called Chukotko-Kamchatkan.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Palaeosiberian (375 words)

	v16n2
		The Kamchadal ethnos, as it is presently understood to be distinct from the Itel'men, can be traced to the late seventeenth century, when Vladimir Atlasov founded the peninsula's first Cossack fort, near the mouth of the Kamchatka River.
		This confusion about identifying Kamchadals has reached such a peak, and there have been so many complaints of Russians and Ukrainians passing as Kamchadal in order to receive fishing limits, that there is a drive to foil imposters by registering all of the Kamchadals and entering all of their names into a computer.
		Supporting this ironic sentiment was a Kamchadal woman who told me that she was not going to register because she would be ashamed (stidno) to appeal to a Russian bureaucrat for proof of her own identity.
	condor.depaul.edu /~rrotenbe/aeer/aeer16_2.html (19722 words)

	Shamanism and Sex
		The narratives concerning the Kamchadal kockchuch are much confused, for Krasheninnikoff does not rightly explain either who they were, or whether they were men or women.
		Krasheninnikoff's descriptions of koekchuch are as follows: 'The Kamchadal have one, two, or three wives, and besides these some of them keep koekchuch who wear women's clothes, do women's work, and have nothing to do with men, in whose company they feel shy and not at their ease' (p.
		The magico-religious and sociological explanation of the change of dress among shamans does not, however, apply satisfactorily to the koekchuch, for professional shamanism among the Kamchadal was not organized and developed to the point of producing a distinct section of society inspired by shamanistic spirits.
	www.shamana.co.uk /Shamanism_in_Siberia/index8.htm (4430 words)

	Chugiak Dog Mushers ~ Kamchadal Sled Dog Race
		FAIRBANKS, AK The 2004 KAMCHADAL International Sled Dog Race, to be held in the Russian Far East in March 2004, is shaping up to be a significant event.
		Tim White, President of the International Federation of Sleddog Sports (IFSS), and renowned race marshal Mark Nordman, of the Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race, as well as many North American mushers, began discussing guidelines for the Russian event at the Alaska Dog Mushers Associations International Sled Dog Symposium held here.
		The KAMCHADAL race will not differentiate between the different breeds of dogs, everyone will be under the same rules.The KAMCHADAL race has been organized taking the popular Iditarod race in Alaska into consideration.
	www.chugiakdogmushers.com /Kamchadal.htm (867 words)

	e_25
		And when a famous Russian explorer C. Krashenninikov came to Kamchatka in XVIII century, “Kamchadals” was the word by which most of the Russians called the Itelmen.
		The difference is only in belonging to the small indigenous peoples or not and all the legal consequences (fishing quotas, traditional land use, etc).
		At the present, Kamchadal is not in the State roaster of Small Indigenous Peoples.
	www.indigenous.ru /english/bulletin/e_25.htm (3473 words)

	Untitled Document
		The southern drum is large and somewhat oval in shape, and is held by four loose bands, which are fastened to the hoop of the drum on the inner side.
		At the request of Bogoras the female shaman repeated this feat with the same success, and all the upper part of the body being naked, it was easy to observe her movements.
		It would be difficult to describe all the tricks performed by the shamans: some of the commonest are the swallowing of burning coals,[3] setting oneself free from a cord by which one is bound, andc.
	www.stavacademy.co.uk /mimir/siberiashaman1.htm (18027 words)

	HOME (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-07-20)
		A couple of days ago the heads of the KAMCHADAL International Sled Dog Race Committee made the decision to go ahead the next KAMCHADAL International Sled Dog Race, and set the dates for March 23-27, 2005.
		The 2005 Kamchadal Race will be extended to a 500 km distance and will contain 8 heats.
		After posting the first Press Release for the KAMCHADAL 2005 Race a couple of days ago in which we stated that the race would be increased to 500 km’s, we received numerous requests not to increase the distance so much.
	www.mushing-canada.com /eng/kamchadal.htm (391 words)

	Alaskool - Many Tongues, Ancient Tales (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-07-20)
		The Yupik chain was then broken between Asia and America not by the Bering Strait but by progressive Inuit occupation of Seward Peninsula, while on the Asiatic side Chukchi expanded into much of the coastline during the late prehistoric period.
		On the Soviet side, except for Eskimo and Commander Island Aleut, the easternmost language family or grouping may be called Chukotko-Kamchatkan, consisting of two groups: the Itelmen (Kamchadal) and Chukchi-Koryak.
		Itelmen was formerly spoken throughout most of Kamchatka in three forms, which may have been separate languages rather than dialects, by a population of perhaps 20,000.
	www.alaskool.org /Language/manytongues/ManyTongues.html (3421 words)

	Chukotko-Kamchatkan languages - TheBestLinks.com - Language families and languages, Siberia, Koryaks, Kamchadal, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-07-20)
		Chukotko-Kamchatkan languages - TheBestLinks.com - Language families and languages, Siberia, Koryaks, Kamchadal,...
		In 1997 only two elderly speakers remained, so the language may now be extinct, with the rest of the ethnic group now assimilated into the Chukchi.
		You can add this article to your own "watchlist" and receive e-mail notification about all changes in this page.
	www.thebestlinks.com /Chukotko__MM__Kamchatkan_languages.html (162 words)

	Paleosiberian languages on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-07-20)
		Only a few languages survive of this once extensive family, which formerly was spread over a considerable area of N Asia.
		Among the Paleosiberian languages still in use are Chukchi, Koryak, Kamchadal, Yukaghir, and Gilyak.
		These tongues have characteristics that recall a number of Native American languages.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/P/Paleosib.asp (161 words)

	ihlcbook/Art by Fitzhugh - Part 5 of 17 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-07-20)
		This set of Siberian designs begins with a slit-embroidered man's funeral belt (top) of white dog skin against dark hide, creating rhythmic color contrasts.
		Chukchi created a similar effect in a belt using dyed appliqué against bleached sealskin.
		Plant omamentation, seen in the embroidered Kamchadal belt, was not native to Siberia, but was stimulated by designs on Russian calico.
	www.co.north-slope.ak.us /ihlchome/ihlcbook/cros/CROSS5/cross5.htm (615 words)

	Dog Sled > Wild Dog Mushing Company
		She has run every heat in every race for the last 2 seasons, including all 6 heats at Kamchadal.
		She ran lead this year in training, the second day at Ashton, and all 6 heats at Kamchadal.
		Runt got injured one week before Kamchadal and stayed home.
	www.dog-sled.com /our_dogs.html (248 words)

	Product Page
		Barely 17, de Lesseps served as interpreter and historian for the explorer La Perouse.
		His narrative is filled with incidents and sidelights on 18th century Kamchadal, Koryak and Yakt ways of living.
		Volume II contains an abbreviated vocabulary of the chief native languages spoken along de Lesseps' route.
	www.ayerpub.com /Product.asp?ProductID=4400000017810 (57 words)

	Polare 7: Trannie Mystics
		In Tungu society young girls could enter the profession of magical healing, and amongst the Kamchadal almost all shamans were women.
		So, most shamans were women, and men who were supernaturally ordered to take up the profession dressed as women to avoid impotency.
		The Kamchadal referred to their male shamans as Koekchuch, which means, "woman-man", because once they entered the profession from that moment they must live as women, taking up female occupations, like making hide clothing, entering a house through it's smoke hole as women did, and act shyly i the company of men just like women.
	www.gendercentre.org.au /7article11.htm (1703 words)

	[No title]
		Chukotko-Kamchatkan Comrie (1980) describes Chukotko-Kamchatkan, which includes the languages Koryak, Chuckchee, and Kamchadal, as a language family with an inverse system, but one which does not link the Grammatical Relations and arguments differently according to voice.
		Just as in all inverse languages, if the Actor is the Object, then the form must be inverse in Chukotko-Kamchatkan.
		However, the line between ÒhigherÓ and ÒlowerÓ differs in Koryak, Chukchee, and Kamchadal (see Table 2).
	www.unc.edu /~jarnold/papers/RLA97.doc (9561 words)

	Yakoot Laika (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-07-20)
		Prince Andrew found this dog to be nearly akin to the wolf that even its master could not readily distinguish his driving dog from its wild relative; their howl was indistinguishable and their frequent crossbreeding was still fairly common at that time.
		By Prince Andrew's account the dogs of the Yakaghirs, the Koryaks, the Chukchi, and the driving dogs of the Kamchadal all fit into this type, indistinguishable by physical conformation of temperament, only different by area of habitation.
		This observation concurs with information provided by Waldemar Jochelson, ("The Koryak", Memoir of the Museum of Natural History, New York: 1908) who described the frequent travel and trade among the Koryak, Chukchi, Yakaghir and Northern Yakoot; further substantiated by George Kennan (Tent Life in Siberia.
	www.nic.fi /~hra/laika2.htm (350 words)

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