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	Grigory Zinoviev - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Zinoviev, Kamenev and their allies in the Bolshevik Central Committee argued that the Bolsheviks had no choice but to start negotiations since a railroad strike would cripple their government's ability to fight the forces that were still loyal to the overthrown Provisional Government.
		Their leading supporters, from Kamenev down, were expelled in December 1927 by the XVth Party Congress, which paved the way for mass expulsions of rank and file oppositionists as well as internal exile of opposition leaders in early 1928.
		Kamenev and, indirectly, Zinoviev, were courted by Bukharin, then at the beginning of his short and ill-fated struggle with Stalin, in the summer of 1928, something that was soon reported to Stalin and used against Bukharin as proof of his factionalism.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Grigory_Yevseyevich_Zinoviev (1935 words)

	Lev Kamenev - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Lev Borisovich Kamenev (Russian: Лев Борисович Каменев - his original family name was Rosenfeld, Розенфельд) (July 6 (old calendar) / July 18 (new calendar) 1883 - August 25, 1936) was a Bolshevik revolutionary and a prominent Soviet politician, an early member of the powerful Politburo.
		In reaction, Kamenev joined the left opposition and soon became one of its prominent figures, arguing for the termination of the New Economic Policy and immediate industrialisation.
		Kamenev was married to Leon Trotsky's sister, Olga Kameneva.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Lev_Kamenev (319 words)

	LEV KAMENEV (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Kamenev sloot zich als student aan bij de Russische Sociaal Democratische Arbeiderspartij (RSDAP).
		In 1919 werd Kamenev één van de vijf leden van het politburo van de Russische Communistische Partij, zoals de bolsjewistische partij zich in 1918 noemde.
		In 1936 werd Kamenev ter dood veroordeeld omdat hij lid zou zijn geweest van een trotskistisch-zinovjevistisch centrum (daarmee wordt bedoeld dat Kamenev betrokken zou zijn geweest bij de één of andere samenzwering tegen Stalin; hetgeen echter -achteraf gezien- onzin was).
	www.thumpershollow.com /encyclopedia/L/Lev_Kamenev (293 words)

	Kamenev, Lev Borisovich on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		On Lenin's death (1924), Kamenev, Stalin, and Zinoviev formed a triumvirate of successors and excluded Trotsky, Kamenev's brother-in-law, from power.
		Kamenev was expelled from the party in 1927, but he recanted, was readmitted, and held minor offices.
		He was arrested late in 1934 on charges of complicity in the murder of Kirov and was sentenced to imprisonment.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/K/Kamenev.asp (217 words)

	Lev Kamenev
		In 1912 Kamenev, Gregory Zinoviev and Vladimir Lenin moved to Krakow in Galicia to be closer to Russia.
		Kamenev's acquaintance with Lenin and the impression made by the series of lectures and papers the latter gave during the visit, had a decisive influence on his future career.
		Kamenev and Zinoviev (Nogin and Rykov, who were of the same opinion, being absent from this meeting) stated their view that the insurrection might perhaps itself be successful, but that it would be almost impossible to maintain power afterwards owing to the economic pressures and crisis in the food supply.
	www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /RUSkamenev.htm (2221 words)

	Lev Kamenev - Encyclopedia.WorldSearch (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Kamenev formed an alliance with Stalin and Zinoviev, which became know as the troika.
		The 14th Party Congress of 1925 disfavoured Trotsky's idea of 'permanent revolution' and he was forced to resign as commissar for war.
		Kamenev, now a leader of the left opposition, argued for the termination of the NEP (New Economic Policy) and immediate industrialisation.
	encyclopedia.worldsearch.com /kamenev.htm (277 words)

	Grigory Zinoviev - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		When it came to real action, Zinoviev shrank from the proposed revolutionary coup and on October 10, 1917, he and Kamenev were the only two Central Committee members to vote against Lenin on the issue of staging the armed action which was to place the Bolsheviks in power.
		Initially, he, along with his close associate Lev Kamenev, formed part of a ruling triumvirate in the Communist Party with Josef Stalin, and played a key role in the marginalisation of Leon Trotsky.
		As part of Stalin's Great Purges, Zinoviev, Kamenev, and others were arrested in 1935 and charged with being involved in the assassination of Sergei Kirov, a murder possibly staged by Stalin himself.
	www.pineville.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Grigory_Zinoviev (446 words)

	Lev Kamenev (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Kamenev sloot zich als student aan de Russische Sociaal Democratische Arbeiderspartij (RSDAP).
		In 1919 werd Kamenev één van de vijf van het politburo van de Russische Communistische Partij zoals de bolsjewistische partij zich in 1918 noemde.
		In 1936 werd Kamenev ter dood veroordeeld omdat lid zou zijn geweest van een trotskistisch-zinovjevistisch centrum (daarmee wordt bedoeld dat Kamenev betrokken zijn geweest bij de één of andere tegen Stalin ; hetgeen echter -achteraf gezien- onzin was).
	nl.freeglossary.com /Lev_Kamenev (250 words)

	Lev Borisovich Kamenev Biography / Biography of Lev Borisovich Kamenev Biography Biography
		Kamenev's attempt to continue his education at Moscow University was punctuated by his participation in political discussion groups and demonstrations and, finally, in his arrest (1902).
		Kamenev is discussed in various studies of the early history of the Soviet Union.
		Kamenev's character and career are covered in Isaac Deutscher's superb study of Trotsky, The Prophet Armed: Trotsky, 1879-1921 (1954), The Prophet Unarmed: Trotsky, 1921-1929 (1959), and The Prophet Outcast: Trotsky, 1929-1940 (1963).
	www.bookrags.com /biography-lev-borisovich-kamenev (615 words)

	Administration of Perm City (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		In 1984 Arkady Kamenev was appointed the Chief of the District Department for Internal Affairs; in 1988 - the Chief of the Department for Public Order Protection at the Perm Region Department for Internal Affairs; in 1991 — the Chief of the Department for Preventive Measures at the Perm Region Department for Internal Affairs.
		Kamenev was elected the Deputy to the rural and city Soviets (Councils).
		Kamenev was elected the Deputy to the Perm Region Legislative Assembly and chaired the Committee for Social Policy and Human Rights.
	www.gorodperm.ru /en/head_perm.asp (247 words)

	The struggle against opportunism in the Party
		Kamenev, Zinoviev, ; Bukharin ; and a number of Trotskyists recognized that they had erred.
		It hoped that all the leading cadres would apply Leninist principles of criticism and self-criticism, the materialist and dialectical method that allows each Communist to improve their political education and to assess their understanding, in order to reinforce the political unity of the Party.
		For that reason, almost all the leaders of the three opportunist movements, the Trotskyists Pyatakov, Radek, Smirnov and Preobrazhensky, as well as Zinoviev ; and Kamenev and Bukharin, ; who in fact had remained in an important position, were invited to the 17th Congress, where they made speeches.
	www.plp.org /books/Stalin/node92.html (1275 words)

	Weekly Worker 371 Thursday February 15 2001
		Kamenev, on the other hand, doggedly though ineffectively, urged the Bolsheviks to form an "influential" opposition in the Constituent Assembly and carry on slowly accreting support in the soviets.
		Kamenev concealed his political irresolution underneath the democratic dictatorship of the proletariat and peasantry slogan.
		Kamenev feared that Lenin and the majority had succumbed to voluntarism, were being seduced by dangerous Blanquist temptations and wanted to launch Russia on an impossible leap straight to socialism.
	www.cpgb.org.uk /worker/371/program.html (4095 words)

	Letter To The Central Committee Of The R.S.D.L.P.(B.) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Kamenev and Zinoviev, who did not come out in writing before the decision was taken, began to dispute the Central Committee's decision after it had been taken.
		Kamenev's and Zinoviev's statement in the non-Party press was especially despicable for the additional reason that the Party is not in a position to refute their slanderous lie openly.
		Kamenev and Zinoviev have betrayed to Rodzyanko and Kerensky the decision of the Central Committee of their Party on insurrection and the decision to conceal from the enemy preparations for insurrection and the date appointed for it.
	www.marxists.org.uk /archive/lenin/works/1917/oct/19.htm (1270 words)

	Gregory Zinoviev
		In 1912 Zinoviev, Lev Kamenev and Vladimir Lenin moved to Krakow in Galicia to be closer to Russia.
		When Joseph Stalin was finally convinced that Zinoviev and Lev Kamenev were unwilling to join forces with Leon Trotsky against him, he began to support openly the economic policies of right-wing members of the Politburo like Nikolay Bukharin, Mikhail Tomsky and Alexei Rykov.
		When Zinoviev and Lev Kamenev eventually began attacking his policies, Joseph Stalin argued they were creating disunity in the party and managed to have them expelled from the Central Committee.
	www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /RUSzinoviev.htm (2331 words)

	Moscow Trials 1936, August 19 (morning session)
		Kamenev appraised the situation in approximately the same way as Zinoviev and backed his conclusions by an analysis of the economic and political situation in the country.
		Kamenev arrived at the conclusion that after all, things were not moving toward catastrophe but were on upgrade; therefore, all expectations of an automatic collapse were groundless, and the leadership that had grown up was made of too hard a granite to expect that it would split of itself.
		Kamenev: The blow was planned and prepared on the order of the centre of which I was a member, and I regarded it as the fulfilment of the task we had set ourselves.
	www.art-bin.com /art/omosc19m.html (9987 words)

	Stalin Removes Zinoviev: 1926 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Kamenev and Zinoviev supported Trotsky in his opinion that if communism did not spread to other countries it would be overthrown and replaced capitalism (Spartacus).
		This along with the obtrusive removal of Trotsky was enough to convince Kamenev and Zinoviev that Stalin could not be trusted, as he could turn on them as easily as he had turned on Trotsky.
		Kamenev and Zinoviev were, of course, found guilty of these charges and were condemned to jail for a period of ten years.
	campus.northpark.edu /history/WebChron/EastEurope/StalinZinoviev.CP.html (758 words)

	Moscow Trials: August 19 (evening) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Kamenev enlarged on this theory and said that the former methods of fighting, namely, attempts to win the masses, combinations with the leaders of the Rightists, and banking on economic difficulties, have failed.
		As a result of the further questioning of Reingold it is ascertained that Kamenev and Zinoviev commissioned Reingold to carry out a number of responsible tasks, in particular, that of creating abroad a special fund for the purpose of financing the terrorist organization in the event of Kamenev and Zinoviev being deported abroad.
		Kamenev: This was in 1929 when I and Zinoviev presumed that we might be deported abroad like Trotsky and therefore we thought it necessary to create abroad some fund for the purpose of maintaining and continuing the work which we had been carrying on here.
	www.marxists.org /history/ussr/government/law/1936/moscow-trials/19/reingold.htm (1303 words)

	Glossary of People: Ka (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Their opposition was defeated in a vote by the majority of the party, to which they responded on the 18th of October, writing for Novaya Zhizn (a Menshevik daily), of the Bolshevik plan for an uprising against the government, and expressed their opinions that it was doomed.
		On the day after the revolution, Kamenev was elected as chairman of the Central Executive Committee by the Second Congress of Soviets, and later was one of the first members of the politburo in 1919.
		Kamenev pleaded to be allowed back into the party and was readmitted in 1928.
	www.marxists.org /glossary/people/k/a.htm (3622 words)

	Our Campaigns - Candidate Detail Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		After the overthrow of Nicholas II in 1917, Kamenev, Gregory Zinoviev and Vladimir Lenin returned to Russia and joined with Leon Trotsky and others in plotting against the government being led by Alexander Kerensky.
		When Joseph Stalin was finally convinced that Kamenev and Gregory Zinoviev were unwilling to join forces with Leon Trotsky against him, he began to support openly the economic policies of right-wing members of the Politburo like Nikolay Bukharin, Mikhail Tomsky and Alexei Rykov.
		When Kamenev and Gregory Zinoviev eventually began attacking his policies, Joseph Stalin argued they were creating disunity in the party and managed to have them expelled from the Central Committee.
	www.ourcampaigns.com /CandidateDetail.html?CandidateID=27604 (1136 words)

	1937: Stalin's Year of Terror - Chapter 1 - Preparations for the First Show Trial
		Kamenev’s staunchly ill-disposed attitude toward Zinoviev can be seen in his correspondence with his wife, T. Glebova, who remained at liberty.
		When Kamenev said that they had been promised a meeting with the full membership of the Politburo, Stalin replied that he and Voroshilov were a "commission" appointed by the Politburo to negotiate with them.
		Having listened to Stalin, Kamenev said that they would agree to give testimony at the trial under the condition that none of the defendants would be shot, that their families would not be persecuted, and that no one would receive the death penalty for past oppositional activity.
	www.wsws.org /exhibits/1937/ch1.htm (3826 words)

	Weekly Worker 177 Thursday February 5 1997
		Drafted by Trotsky, Stalin and Kamenev, a resolution was placed before and unanimously agreed by a joint session of the politburo and presidium of the central control commission on December 5 1923.
		After he was edged aside in 1923 by Zinoviev, Kamenev and Stalin from the commanding heights of the party, Trotsky retreated into a period of self-imposed purdah.
		Kamenev estimated in the autumn of 1925 that 14% of peasants had harvested 33% of the grain and held 61% of the marketable surpluses (Quoted in EH Carr Socialism in one country Vol 1, Harmondsworth 1970, p321).
	www.cpgb.org.uk /worker/177/genesis_2.html (11433 words)

	Politburo of the CPSU Central Committee - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Although, in theory, the Politburo was elected from below, in practice, the leading members of the Politburo and, of course, Lenin were highly influential in determining the body's composition which, in the end, reflected the weight and competing influence of various individuals within the party, their allies within the Politburo and supporters outside of it.
		Kamenev, Krestinsky, Lenin, Stalin and Trotsky elected full members at the Central Committee plenum; Bukharin, Zinoviev and Kalinin elected candidate members
		Trotsky and Kamenev relieved of duties at the joint plenum of the Central Committee and the Central Control Commission
	www.bucyrus.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Politburo_of_the_CPSU_Central_Committee (2235 words)

	Scott Rauland, U.S. Consul General, hosted a lunch for Arkadiy Kamenev, Mayor of Perm
		Mayor Kamenev will lead a delegation to Louisville for a summit of sister cities on September 6, 2004.
		The Mayor expressed satisfaction with the steady development of Perm;s cooperation with Louisville, and noted that this was the largest delegation from Perm to the U.S..
		Students from Perm have studied at the university in Louisville for several years, and Mayor Kamenev spoke of his meeting with some of these students during previous trips to the U.S., saying that their presence there was beneficial for the students and for both countries.
	www.uscgyekat.ur.ru /v2/news/081304.php (194 words)

	AllRefer.com - Grigori Evseyevich Zinoviev (Russian, Soviet, And CIS History, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		He and Lev Kamenev opposed Lenin's plan for the Bolshevik seizure of power in Nov., 1917 (Oct., 1917, O.S.), which they regarded as premature, but they were outvoted and abided by the majority decision.
		On Lenin's death (1924), Zinoviev, Kamenev, and Joseph Stalin formed a ruling triumvirate.
		Accused (1936) of conspiring to overthrow the government, he was the chief defendant in the first of the trials held by Stalin, which resulted in Zinoviev's execution along with Kamenev and 13 other old Bolsheviks.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/Z/Zinoviev.html (534 words)

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