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	Quantum computer - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In a classical (or conventional) computer, the amount of data is measured by bits; in a quantum computer, it is measured by qubits.
		Quantum computers are different from classical computers such as DNA computers and computers based on transistors, even though these may ultimately use some kind of quantum mechanical effect (for example covalent bonds).
		In quantum mechanics, the state of a physical system (such as an electron or a photon) is described by an element of a mathematical object called a Hilbert space.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Quantum_computer (3247 words)

	Kane quantum computer - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Kane quantum computer is a proposal for a scalable quantum computer proposed by Bruce Kane in 1998
		Often thought of as a hybrid between quantum dot and NMR quantum computers, the Kane computer is based on an array of individual phosphorus donor atoms embedded in a pure silicon lattice.
		Kane's proposal for readout was to apply an electric field to encourage spin-dependent tunneling of an electron to transform two neutral donors to a D
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Kane_quantum_computer (572 words)

	Quantum computer - Encyclopedia.WorldSearch (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		In a classical (or conventional) computer data are measured by bits; in a quantum computer the data are measured by qubits.
		The basic principle of quantum computation is that the quantum properties of particles can be used to represent and structure data, and that devised quantum mechanisms can be used to perform operations with these data.
		For a quantum computer on the other hand with a 3 qubit register, the state of the register is determined by 8 complex numbers as is illustrated in the following example:
	encyclopedia.worldsearch.com /quantum_computer.htm (3105 words)

	Quantum computer Article, Quantumcomputer Information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		A quantum computer is any device for computation thatmakes direct use of distinctively quantum mechanical phenomena,such as superposition and entanglement, to perform operations on data.
		In a classical (orconventional) computer data is measured by bits; in a quantum computer the data is measuredby qubits.
		In quantum mechanics, the description of the state of aphysical system (such as an electron or a photon) is described by an element of a mathematical object called a Hilbert space.
	www.anoca.org /computers/computing/quantum_computer.html (2707 words)

	Quantum computer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Quantum computers are different from classical computers such as DNA computers and computers based on transistors, even though these may ultimately use some kind of quantummechanical effect (for example covalent bonds).
		Qubits for a quantum computer can be implemented using particles with two spin states: "up" and "down"; in fact any system with an observable quantity A which is conserved under time evolution and such that A has atleast two discrete and sufficiently spaced consecutive eigenvalues, is a suitable candidate for implementing a qubit.
		An operator for a quantum computer can be thought of as changing a vector by multiplying it with a particular matrix.Multiplication by a matrix is a linear operation.
	www.therfcc.org /quantum-computer-23221.html (2653 words)

	United Press International - Science(p) - Nano World: Nano for quantum computers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Quantum computers, however, take advantage of the strange phenomenon that physicists call "superposition," where infinitesimal objects such as individual electrons or atoms can exist in two or more places at once, or spin in opposite directions at the same time.
		Quantum computers therefore can calculate every possible on-off combination at the same time, making them dramatically faster than conventional data processors when it comes to solving certain problems involving probabilities, such as code-breaking.
		Quantum computing research is growing rapidly at military, intelligence and university research labs worldwide, as well as at those of industrial giants such as AT&T, IBM, Hewlett-Packard, Lucent and Microsoft.
	www.upi.com /view.cfm?StoryID=20050317-124226-2271r (1401 words)

	sciforums.com - Quantum Computer
		They have sketched a blueprint for a silicon quantum computer that could be built using current fabrication and measurement techniques1.
		Quantum and conventional computers encode, store and manipulate information as sequences of binary digits, or bits, denoted as 1s and 0s.
		In a quantum computer, switches can be on, off or in a superposition of states - on and off at the same time.
	www.sciforums.com /showthread.php?t=8355 (1071 words)

	Centre for Quantum Computing
		The Centre for Quantum Computer Technology links researchers at UNSW with colleagues at the Universities of Queensland and Melbourne, to form a national effort in the advancement of a new technology - the fabrication of a solid-state based Quantum Computer.
		Quantum computer read-out thus relies on the ability to detect the quantum state of a single electron spin.
		A schematic of the Kane quantum computer architecture with individual phosphorus atoms as qubits in silicon.
	www.phys.unsw.edu.au /ANNUAL_REPORTS/2000/Research/CQCT.html (879 words)

	Wired 9.09: Liquid Logic
		Quantum computing is riding a new wave of supercool subatomic bits that can be both 1 and 0 at once.
		Computation in an NMR computer is done by beaming in pulses of radio waves tuned to the particular resonant frequency of each nucleus in molecules of a liquid solution, such as chloroform and crotonic acid, and detecting the resonant frequencies emanating from the resulting nuclear alignment.
		Unlike a conventional computer, each branch of a flowchart represents not an either-or choice, but rather a bifurcation: One state of the computer answers "yes" and follows the instructions from there, while another simultaneous state answers "no" and does likewise.
	www.wired.com /wired/archive/9.09/quantum.html (1001 words)

	Tool reads quantum bits TRN 080101 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The key to quantum computing is being able to use the spins of subatomic particles such as electrons to represent the ones and zeros of computing.
		A theoretical proposal by University of Maryland researcher Bruce Kane shows that qubits made from phosphorus atoms embedded in silicon could hold their spin states for a long enough time to do computing, could be placed closely enough to interact with each other, and could be made in a large quantity.
		Researchers in the quantum field generally agree that practical quantum computers are at least two decades away, if they can be built at all.
	www.trnmag.com /Stories/080101/Tool_reads_quantum_bits_080101.html (1148 words)

	Quantum_computer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		For a generally accessible overview of quantum computing, see Quantum Computing with Molecules (http://www.media.mit.edu/physics/publications/papers/98.06.sciam/0698gershenfeld.html), an article in Scientific American by Neil Gershenfeld and Isaac L. Chuang.
		QCF (http://www.charlesfox.org.uk) — Quantum computation toolbox for MATLAB.
		Fraunhofer Quantum Computing Simulator (http://www.qc.fraunhofer.de) — A free web-based quantum simulator (31 qubits) and a collaborative workspace for the quantum computing community.
	www.usedaudiparts.com /search.php?title=Quantum_computer (3086 words)

	Silicon-Based Solid State Quantum Computer
		A quantum computer will be a computer that carries out logic operations with, and stores information in, the quantum states of a single atom, molecule, or other suitable nanoscale entity.
		The quantum bit, or qubit, represented by an atom or nanoengineered device is more powerful than regular bits because, due to its quantum nature, it can be put into a superposition of states.
		The attraction of Kane’s proposal is that it would allow the new technology to draw on the large base of existing semiconductor technology to help with qubit addressing and manipulation.
	www.lanl.gov /mst/SPML/ssqc.html (1024 words)

	Kane
		Spins are frequently considered the ideal candidate qubit for quantum information processing: the goals of coherent control and measurement of spins in semiconductors are consequently a major focus in the worldwide experimental effort to build a quantum computer.
		After a general introduction to the status of research on spin-based quantum computing, I will discuss work in our lab on the particular goal of measurement of electron spin states on single donors in silicon, the first step towards a silicon-based quantum computer.
		Even if it proves to be possible to perform quantum logic with spins, the more remote goal of scaleable quantum computing using solid state devices poses truly formidable challenges, primarily owing to the intrinsic variability of solid state device parameters.
	www.physics.umd.edu /events/colloquia/Fall2003/Kane.htm (157 words)

	Qubit (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		That information is described by state in a 2-level quantum mechanical system, whose two basic states are conventionally labeled $0 \rangle and 1 \rangle (pronounced: ket 0 and ket 1).$
		Such "quantum parallelism" is one of the keys to the potential power of quantum computation.
		Similarly, a unit of quantum information in a 3-level quantum system is called a qutrit, by analogy with the unit of classical information trit.
	www.usedaudiparts.com /search.php?title=Qubit (343 words)

	Laboratory for Physical Sciences - University of Maryland
		In the architecture nuclear spins function as qubits, while electrons mediate the interactions between the nuclear spins and enable the spin states of the nuclei to be measured.
		Consequently, the proposed devices for performing quantum logic are remarkably similar to the field effect transistors used in contemporary conventional computers.
		Our experimental efforts are concentrated on taking the first step towards a silicon-based quantum computer: developing an electronic device capable of measuring a single electron spin.
	www.lps.umd.edu /quantum_computing/QC@UMD's_LPS_Bruce_Kane.htm (516 words)

	2004 MRS Spring Meeting News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Kane started with a nice introduction to quantum computers and why the concept is so powerful.
		Kane identified the grand challenge to be to identify systems in which qubits can be accurately measured and manipulated, and to learn to control interactions between quantum states in a complex, many-qubit system.
		Kane stressed that in spite of this somewhat pessimistic outlook, significant opportunities exist for materials research and nanofabrication at the end point of Moore's law scaling.
	www.mrs.org /meetings/spring2004/news/thu.html (1237 words)

	Jahrbuch-CD der MPG 2003 - Nonadiabatic controlled-NOT gat
		The method of iterated resolvents is used to obtain an effective Hamiltonian for neighboring qubits in the Kane solid- state quantum computer.
		In contrast to the adiabatic gate processes inherent in the Kane proposal we show that free evolution of the qubit-qubit system, as generated by this effective Hamiltonian, combined with single-qubit operations, is sufficient to produce a controlled-NOT gate.
		Thus the usual set of universal gates can be obtained on the Kane quantum computer without the need for adiabatic switching of the controllable parameters as prescribed by Kane [Nature (London) 393, 133 (1998)].
	www.mpg.de /forschungsergebnisse/wissVeroeffentlichungen/archivListenJahrbuch/2002/37/publZIM233.html (136 words)

	Kane quantum computer -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Kane quantum computer -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article
		The Kane quantum computer is a proposal for a scalable (additional info and facts about quantum computer) quantum computer proposed by Bruce Kane in 1998
		The original proposal calls for phosphorus donors to be placed in an array with spacing 20 (A state in southwestern United States on the Mexican border) nm, approximately 20nm below the surface.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/k/ka/kane_quantum_computer.htm (539 words)

	Category Computer science - the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		computation and information processing, both in hardware and in
		computers, which range from the abstract analysis of algorithms, formal grammars, etc. to more concrete subjects like
		computer engineering, although there are significant overlaps and no clear demarcation.
	www.aaez.biz /?t=Category:Computer_science (79 words)

	QiSci » Publications
		Quantum Kalman Filtering and the Heisenberg Limit in Atomic Magnetometry, JM Geremia, John K. Stockton, Andrew C. Doherty, Hideo Mabuchi, Phys.
		Quantum computation with optical coherent states, T.C. Ralph, A. Gilchrist, G.J. Milburn, W.J. Munro, S. Glancy, Phys.
		Universal quantum computation using only projective measurement, quantum memory, and preparation of the 0 state, Michael A. Nielsen, Phys.
	www.qinfo.org /?page_id=149 (5057 words)

	Computer In Australia - More computers and computer parts then we know what to do with (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Computer In Australia - More computers and computer parts then we know what to do with
		Harnessing the rules of Quantum Mechanics, Michelle Simmons is part of a nationwide effort in Australia to construct the "Kane Quantum Computer" - a device that uses the quantum interactions and behaviour of phosphorous atoms embedded in a silicon wa...(Continue Reading)
		Australia's Quantum Computer - Harnessing the rules of Quantum Mechanics, Michelle Simmons is part of a nationwide effort in Australia to construct the "Kane Quantum Computer" - a device that uses the quantum interactions and behaviour of phosphorous...(Continue Reading)
	www.fefcomputer.com /computer-in-australia.html (195 words)

	Hsi-Sheng Goan: list of Publications
		Hsi-Sheng Goan, "A qubit-state readout analysis: Quantum trajectories vs. master equation approach", Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Quantum Comunication, Measurement and Computation, MIT Cambridge, MA, USA (Rinton Press, New Jersey, 2002) pp.
		Hsi-Sheng Goan, "Quantum trajectories and quantum measurement theory in solid-state mesoscopics", Proceedings of the 26th International Conference on Physics of Semiconductors, Edinburgh, UK (IOP, 2002) P247 (8 pages).
		Hsi-Sheng Goan, and Gerard J. Milburn, "Conditional quantum evolution induced by continuous measurement for a mesoscopic qubit", Proceedings of International Conference on Experimental Implementations of Quantum Computing, Sydney, Australia (Rinton Press, New Jersey, 2001) pp.
	www.physics.uq.edu.au /people/goan/Publication/Publicationlist.html (742 words)

	Encyclopedia: Kane quantum computer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
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	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Kane-quantum-computer (599 words)

	Projects
		The collision problem is to decide whether a function is one-to-one or two-to-one, given that one of these is the case, see quant-ph/0111102, quant-ph/0112086.
		A implementation of a quantum computer needs to be resilient against operational errors and decoherence errors Steane 99.
		A security proof of the quantum key distribution protocol by Bennett and Brassard, see quant-ph/0003004.
	faculty.cs.tamu.edu /klappi/689/proj.html (191 words)

	MARC - CoE:DMP_publications
		Charles D. Hill, Hsi-Sheng Goan, Gates for the Kane Quantum Computer in the Presence of Dephasing, quant-ph/0405042
		FOWLER, A.G., WELLARD, C. J., and HOLLENBERG, L.C.L. — Dephasing in the Kane Quantum Computer, Proceedings of the Australian Institute of Physics Congress, Sydney 2002.
		WELLARD, C.J., HOLLENBERG, L.C.L, and PAULI, H.C. — Non-Adiabatic CNOT Gate for the Kane Quantum Computer, Phys.
	www.ph.unimelb.edu.au /marc/research/dmp_pages/dmp_publications.htm (826 words)

	research program (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		To provide theoretical support to the research centre's fabrication programs through detailed study of all aspects of the Kane quantum computer prototype devices.
		A Non-Adiabatic Controlled Not Gate for the Kane Solid State Quantum Computer.
		Numerical Simulations of the C-NOT Gate in the Kane Solid State Quantum Computer
	www.ph.unimelb.edu.au /~marc/Templates/program.dwt (99 words)

	UNSW School of Physics Annual Report 2001
		R. Schofield, J. O’Brien, M. Simmons, R. Clark, A. urak, B. Kane, M. Hawley, G. Brown, N. Curson, “STM investigation of silicon surfaces for the fabrication of the Kane quantum computer”
		L. O’Brien, “Fabrication of phosphorus atom arrays for a silicon quantum computer and transport in open quantum dots”
		O'Brien, S. Schofield, M. Simmons, R. Clark, A. urak, N. Curson, B. Kane, N. McAlpine, M. Hawley, G. Brown, “Nanoscale phosphorous atom arrays created using STM for the fabrication of a silicon-based quantum computer."
	www.phys.unsw.edu.au /ANNUAL_REPORTS/2001/conferences.html (2702 words)

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