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Topic: Kanishka Stupa

	Kanishka stupa - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Kanishka stupa was a monumental stupa established by the Kushan king Kanishka during the 2nd century CE in today's Shah-ji-Dheri on the outskirts of Peshawar, Pakistan.
		The stupa was described by Chinese pilgrims in the 7th century as the tallest stupa in all India.
		The stupa was discovered and excavated in 1908-1909 by a British archaealogical mission, and led to the discovery in its base of the Kanishka casket, containing relics of the Buddha and a dedication in Kharoshthi involving Kanishka.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Kanishka's_stupa (365 words)

	Kanishka - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Kanishka (Kushan language: ΚΑΝΗϷΚΙ, Ancient Chinese: 迦腻色伽) was a king of the Kushan Empire in South Asia, in the 2nd century of the common era, famous for his military, political, and spiritual achievements.
		Kanishka was the successor of Vima Kadphises, as demonstrated by an impressive geneaology of the Kushan kings, known as the Rabatak inscription.
		The "Kanishka casket" or "Kanishka reliquary", dated to the first year of Kanishka's reign in 127 CE, was discovered in a deposit chamber under Kanishka's stupa, during the archeological excavations in 1908-1909 in Shah-ji-Dheri on the outskirts of Peshawar.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Kanishka (2045 words)

	Kanishka - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Kanishka was a king of the Kushan Empire in India, in the 2nd century of the common era, famous for his military, political, and spiritual achievements.
		Kanishka was the successor of Vima Kadphises, demonstrated by an impressive geneaology of the Kushan king Kanishka, known as the Rabatak inscription.
		Kanishka personally seems to have embraced both Buddhism and the Persian cult of Mithra.
	www.encyclopedia-online.info /Kanishka (521 words)

	Wikipedia: Kanishka
		It is interesting however that Kanishka's fame is based not only on his military and political success but also on his spiritual merit.
		This council is attributed with having encouraged the spread of Mahayana Buddhism.
		Archaeologists in the twentieth century ascertained that this stupa had a diameter of 286 feet.
	www.factbook.org /wikipedia/en/k/ka/kanishka.html (503 words)

	San'at :: Architecture of Buddhist monuments in Central Asia
		Kanishka was eulogized in Indian Buddhist literature as the earnest patron of Buddhism.
		As a rule, stupa had a form of a hemisphere on a round or square base, with a stone reliquary built into it; it was crowned by decorative canopies and encircled by a fence with four gates - torana.
		One of the earliest is stupa in the Buddhist monastery of Fayaz-tepa.
	www.sanat.orexca.com /eng/2-04/history_art1.shtml (2494 words)

	Casino portal \| information about Casino online \| Stupa
		Stupas are known in many Southeast Asian countries as chedi (from a PÄli synonym of stupa), and in some countries (particularly Sri Lanka) as dagoba (from Sanskrit dhatu- element, component, or relic + garbha - storehouse or repository).
		The stupa is the earliest Buddhist religious monument and was originally only a simple mound made up of mud or clay, or a cairn in barren areas, to cover supposed relics of the Buddha.
		The oldest existing stupa is at Sanchi, India, while the tallest is the Phra Pathom Chedi in Nakhon Pathom, Thailand, with a height of 127 metres.
	www.casino2all.com /?u=/Stupa (491 words)

	Peshawar Did You Mean peshawar
		Kanishka built what was probably the tallest building in the world at the time, a giant stupa, to house the Buddha's relics, just outside the Ganj Gate of the old city of Peshawar.
		Kanishka's stupa was a most magnificent building and must have made an impressive sight as one travelled down from the mountains of Afghanistan onto the Gandharan plains.
		From the ruined base of this giant stupa which which a jewelled casket containing relics of the Buddha, and an inscription identifying Kanishka as the donor, was excavated from a chamber under the very centre of the stupa's base, by a team under Dr. D.
	www.did-you-mean.com /Peshawar.html (1737 words)

	King Kanishka
		Kanishka, probable successor of Wima Kadphises II[?] was the greatest of the Kushana[?] kings.
		According to the Chinese scholar Huan Tsang, Kanishka ascended to the throne 400 years after the death of Buddha.
		The fact that there were other Kushana[?] kings called Kanishka is just another complicating factor.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/ki/King_Kanishka.html (477 words)

	Quaest.io on Kanishka
		Kanishka (Kushan language: KANHÞKI, Ancient Chinese: 迦腻色伽) was a king of the Kushan Empire in South Asia, in the 2nd century of the common era, famous for his military, political, and spiritual achievements.
		Kanishka is also the name of the AirIndia Flight_182 (Toronto to New Delhi) which was bombed mid-air on June 23, 1985 killing all 329 people on board.
		Kanishka's Buddha coins all bear the mention "Boddo" in Greek script, with a few known exceptions which seem to indicate the name "Siddhartha Gautama".
	www.quaest.io /?title=kanishka (1598 words)

	Upto11.net - Wikipedia Article for Stupa
		A stupa (from the Sanskrit) is a type of Buddhist structure found across the Indian subcontinent and Asia.
		Stupas began as mounds of rubble, or cairns housing the relics of Buddha.
		The most famous stupa is the one at Sanchi, India, while the tallest is the Phra Pathom Chedi in Nakhon Pathom, Thailand, with a height of 127 metres.
	www.upto11.net /generic_wiki.php?q=stupa (204 words)

	Kanishka Definition / Kanishka Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Kanishka was a king of the Kushan Empire in South AsiaSouth Asia is a subregion of Asia comprising the modern states of Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka,.
		Kanishka is the best indian I have found in the area.
		Kanishka is the kind of lesser-known restaurants that friends tell each other about.
	www.elresearch.com /Kanishka (254 words)

	Relic - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		More relics of bone which were discovered during archaeological excavations of a stupa built in Peshawar, Pakistan by the Kushan Emperor Kanishka in the second century A.D. In 1909, three pieces of bone (approx 1½ in.
		The miniature gold stupa in which they were transported to Mandalay may be seen in the photo to the left of the modern ruby and gold reliquary.
		Many Buddhist temples have stupas and historically, the placement of relics in a stupa often became the initial structure around which the whole temple would be based.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Relic (1718 words)

	The Utilization of Buddhism in Kushan Politics and Economy Under Kanishka I (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		They emphasize the importance of Kanishka and his stupa as seen through the healing qualities of the tope and its future destruction serving as a marker for the end of the Law of Buddha.
		Kanishka must have known that the legends existed and may have seen them as beneficial to his reign; there would be no reason for him to object to free propaganda, and allowing them to spread through the imaginations of his people.
		Instead of a textual method to connect Kanishka and the Buddha, visual representations are used: the Buddha sits atop of the piece while Kanishka stands erect in all his kingly glory.
	neareasternstudies.tripod.com /id13.html (4468 words)

	Art Education-Gandhara
		Kanishka was desirous of living harmoniously with the various peoples and religions within his kingdom and beyond, and the art of Kushan period thus shows Hellenistic, Iranian, Indian (Brahmanical) and Roman influences from time to time.
		The Gandharan stupa had a taller than usual dome and the square railing at the summit was also enlarged and more elaborate, but the most remarkable feature which distinguished the Gandharan stupa from the previous styles was the huge size of the tiered umbrellas at its peak almost towering over the entire structure.
		The greatest of all Gandharan stupas was erected by Kanishka at Shah-ji-ki-Dheri on the outskirts of Peshawar (Kanishka's capital in the North) along with hundreds of other smaller stupas and a monastery surrounding it of which very little remains today.
	www.indianartcircle.com /arteducation/page_6_gandhara_Art.shtml (707 words)

	Babel \| Kanishka I
		Kanishka's personal religious beliefs apparently include doctrines of Buddhism and the cult of Mithra, which began in Persia.
		Kanishka I was often referred to as "Kanishka the Great".
		P.S. This is an example of a coin minted during the reign of Kanishka I: Obverse: Kanishka is standing and is wearing a heavy Kushan coat and boots.
	towerofbabel.com /map/articles/05/03/11/0415241.shtml?tid=272&tid=279 (739 words)

	Bhuddism
		Emperor Ashoka built the first stupa in the third century BC to enclose a small relic chamber containing some of the ashes of Buddha; over the centuries this was enlarged and votive stupas and a monastery were added.
		Stupas could never be destroyed, so when the Buddhists wished to enlarge a stupa they simply built another shell around the old one.
		Originally the whole dome of the stupa was plastered and gilded; a tall mast rose from the top and supported at least seven stone discs (like those on the stone umbrella in the museum).
	web.ukonline.co.uk /tim.haq/pakistan/buddhism.html (1289 words)

	Peshawar's Buddhist Past :: Khyber.ORG
		Kanishka convened the fourth Buddhist Council (conference) in Gandhara, according to Chinese sources.
		Kanishka planted the sapling of the Bodhi tree in Peshawar under which the Buddha had achieved the Enlightenment at Bodh Gaya in India.
		Once their thunderous but sweet voice in chorus arose from the Mahavihara (great monastery) of Kanishka in Peshawar which echoed and could be heard beyond the Karakoram, Hindukush and Himalayan mountains, gradually subsided with the passage of time and became inaudible.
	www.khyber.org /pashtohistory/places/pshbuddhistpast.shtml (1118 words)

	Project ZAAN: Information Digest - Vol. 1
		The Stupa at the latter place was so high that the eye could not see the extent of its height.
		Kanishka’s Council marks the beginning of a new epoch in the history of Buddhism.
		Kanishka’s successors : It is possible that Kanishka’s sons Vaiska and Huviska acted as viceroys in succession, but it appears that Vaiska pre-deceased his father who was succeeded by Huviska, who died in 140 A.D. His son Vasudeva, also known as Jasuka succeeded him.
	www.zaan.net /vol2/4.html (1987 words)

	The Architecture of Punjab
		This sorry state of Buddhist viharas and stupas was due to the destruction carried together were Branamanical sects such as Shaktism, Shaivism, and Vaishnavism.
		According to Hsuan Tsang the treat stupa built by Kanishka was 400 feet high, Near the stupa were large in ages of the Buddha.
		Buddhist stupas and monasteried were also seen by the Chinese pilgrim in the Mahaban area.
	www.punjabilok.com /heritage/architecture_punjab1.htm (1613 words)

	InfoHub - View Single Post - History of India
		Kanishka I was the son of Vima Kadphises and succeeded him as ruler of the Kushan empire.
		Kanishka made conquests in Central Asia and took territory that had been ruled by China.
		Kanishka's personal religious beliefs apparently included doctrines of Buddhism and the cult of Mithra, which began in Persia.
	www.infohub.com /forums/showpost.php?p=8718&postcount=1 (461 words)

	The Architecture of Punjab (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		The Dharmarajika stupa built by him was elaborated and renovated by later kings.
		On the southern portion of Sirkap are a stupa and a monastery of vihara.
		Thus the stupas at Manikyala in Rawalpindi district at Takht-i-Bahai, Sahri-Bahlol and Jamalgarhi near Hoti Mardan, and at Shahji-Ki-Dheri near Peshawar may be mentioned.
	www.sssbc.org.uk /architecture_of_punjab.htm (2424 words)

	Laputan Logic - Xuan Zang and the Third Buddha
		His writings have led to several discoveries over the years, for example he described a great stupa, now lost, which had been built by the Buddhist monarch King Kanishka near his capital at Peshawar in the second century (note: the name Xuan Zang when rendered in the older style Wade-Giles romanization is spelt Huan Tsang).
		Among all [King Kanishka's] buildings one of his remarkable structures was his greatest Stupa (a place where the ashes of Buddhist priests, monks, nobles, etc. are enshrined, and a big domical structure erected on it, and it became a place of worship for the Buddhists).
		Kanishka ordered to build a stupa on the spot and enshrined a number of relics of the Buddha in it.
	www.laputanlogic.com /articles/2003/09/21-106424100165818095.html (1889 words)

	Dharma Fellowship: Library - Yogacara Theory - Part One: Background History
		Kanishka is one of the most celebrated monarchs of Asia.
		Emperor Kanishka is credited with convening a great Buddhist Council and raising a huge Stupa near Peshawar, the remains of which may still be seen to this day.
		The images on Kanishka's coins show regard for the pantheon of the Greeks, still worshipped in his time, as well as that of the Mazdean faith founded in Iran by the great prophet Zarathushtra.
	www.dharmafellowship.org /library/essays/yogacara-part1.htm (3609 words)

	CHAPTER (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Kanishka was a great patron of Buddhism, and the portrayed the figure of the Buddha on his coins.
		Here we have a stupa on the western side and the monastery on the eastern, both erected in the second century A.D. in the of the Great Kushanas.
		Around the main stupa a number of votive stupas can be seen, the square bases of which show a marvelous decoration of stucco Buddha's and Buddhisattvas.
	www.heritage.gov.pk /html_Pages/chapter-VIII.htm (947 words)

	Kanishka (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Image: KanishkaI.jpgthumb350pxrightGold coin of '''Kanishka I''' with a representation of the [[Buddha (c.120 AD).
		Image:KanishkaCasket.JPGthumbleft170pxThe "[[Kanishka casket", dated to 127 CE, with the Buddha surrounded by Brahma and Indra, and Kanishka standing at the center of the lower part, British Museum.]]
		Image:KanishkaDetail.JPGthumb201pxDetail of Kanishka, surrounded by the Iranian Sun-God and Moon-God, on the Kanishka casket.
	q-basic.xodox.de /Kanishka (1429 words)

	Week V: Part 1 ASIAN RELIGIONS AND ART--EARLY INDIAN BUDDHISM
		We may assume that stupas were the first sacred Buddhist buildings and that The Great Stupa at Sanchi is its earliest surviving example.
		The stupa played a crucial role in Buddhist beliefs for it is the very symbol of nirvana, or final redemption, the goal of every Buddhist.
		The uprights and crossbars are lavishly carved with stories from the life of Buddha; with jataka tales, edifying legends in which Buddha is shown as pious and wise; and with large guardian figures called yakshas and yakshis, anc ient gods and goddess of fertility.
	www.pitt.edu /~asian/week-5/week-5.html (1601 words)

	Much more material in ch arch xeros along with ch trans of pagoda
		The whole is capped (today) by a dome and a finial of circular disks, resembling the symbolic umbrellas found on Tibetan stupas and traceable on a variety of structures leaving remains in Gandhara and even in the oldest records of the Mahabodhi temple.
		Kanishka’s tower or the Kanishka stupa, of the 2nd century, located in Peshawar (Gandhara), has left us only its stone foundations.
		Each is a dhatu-garbha (Sanskrit) or dagoba (Pali), a relic mound in the form of a stupa, containing the ashes of a prestigious monk.
	www.public.iastate.edu /~tart/arth382/lecture22.html (2805 words)

	The Crossroads of Asia:Transformations in Image and Symbol
		Of particular interest for anyone interested in the Kushan period is the detailed account given of the Kanishka reliquary casket found at Shah-ki-Dheri.
		This was the supposed site of Kanishka's great stupa, described by Chinese pilgrims as seven hundred feet high.
		The casket was discovered in a deposit chamber under the stupa and associated with the legendary deposit made by Kanishka himself.
	www.kushan.org /reviews/coa.htm (663 words)

	Evolution of the Buddha Image
		The 2nd century B.C. caves have simply a stupa, without any kind of Buddha's anthropomorphic representations, enshrining them, whereas in the subsequent caves carved in the 1st century B.C. such stupa has Buddha's icons in its niches on all four sides.
		It seems, the mind of the Buddhist sculptor, which had so far wrestled between the 'image' and the 'non-image', had at last discovered 'one' in the 'other', that is, the motif in man and the man in motif.
		Buddha's stucco images are also reported from around the same 1st century A.D. The stucco image of the Buddha, in the collection of Mathura Museum, belongs stylistically to the same iconic group to which the A.D. 81 Buddha image belongs.
	www.exoticindiaart.com /article/lordbuddha (4079 words)

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