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Topic: Kara Khitai

In the News (Tue 14 Feb 12)

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	Kara-Khitan Khanate - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		This regime survived until the arrival of Genghis Khan's Mongolian horsemen and was referred to in Chinese sources as Kara-Kitai, Kara-Khitai, Kara-Khitay, Kara-Khitan, Western Liao, Xi Liao or similar variants.
		As they became increasingly Persianized (to the point of adopting "Afrasiab", a Shahnameh mythical figure as the ancestor of their lineage), they settled in the more Indo-Iranian sedentary centers such as Qashgari, and became detached from the nomadic traditions of fellow Qarluqs, many of whom retained the Nestorian-Mahayana-Manichaean religious mixture of the former Uyghur Khanate.
		Though largely Mahayana and Confucian in organizing principles, the nucleus of Khitay elites were wise to adopt elements of Nestorian identity, as reflected in the Christian names of the Kara-Khitay Gur-Khans.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Kara-Khitai (357 words)

	History of the Mongol Empire - History - The Steppes Before Genghis Khan
		In 916, the Khitai, a semi-nomadic tribe from southern Mongolia, conquered Northern China and established the Liao Dynasty of northern China.
		After the Khitai were overthrown from Northern China, part of their nobility fled westward to the south of Lake Balkhash.
		West of the Kara Khitai was the Khwarazmian Empire of Persia, which formed in the late 12th century.
	mongolempire.4t.com /h2_steppesbefore.htm (932 words)

	http://depts
		On the road from Kara Chanak to Kilpin Rabat, is a resting place for those coming and going [on the road]; the distance between Kilpin Rabat and Kara Chanak is five statute farsakhs.
		Between Rabatchi and Kara Chanak there is but little inhabited country, except for the stages that have been mentioned.
		In Khotan there are two rivers, called Kara Kash and Urung Kash, in both of which jade is met with, and it is found nowhere else in the world.
	www.meshrep.com /Article/khaxkhar.html (5773 words)

	China History Forum, online chinese history forum > Xi-Liao aka Kara-Khitai
		It appear that there was Khitan elements, Naiman elements, Qarluk and Kara Khanid elements.
		The last 3 was Turkic but if their descendents of today any representative of the past, then it would seem that the Naiman and Qarluk was nomadic herders/warriors with Mongol-like physical features and the Karakhanid inhabitants being sedentary with a mix Mongol-Indo-European feature like Uighurs/Uzbeks of today, all three probably speaking intelligible languages.
		Jan 8 2005, 12:46 AM An interesting new book about the Khara Khitai empire is due out soon.
	www.chinahistoryforum.com /lofiversion/index.php/t1231.html (498 words)

	guides.ign.com
		You could raid the huge guarded Kara Khitai sheep pen in the north, but there's really no need: plenty of sheep roam free on the map.
		A well-defended Kara Khitai Relic lies in the northwest, but you can get another at less cost.
		During this period, you must destroy one Kara Khitai army of Archers and Light Cavalry.
	guidesarchive.ign.com /guides/11531/pg3.html (3535 words)

	Mythical Geography: Kingdom of Prester John
		Though he was never found, his legend continued throughout the middle ages, with Kings and Popes sending off letters at different times seeking his help and dreams of his riches filling the heads of many.
		The Khitai were a tribe that had ruled much of China in the late 10th century as the Liao Dynasty.
		As their dynasty collapsed, in 1124, a body of the imperial family escaped to Central Asia, where they established a new empire over the Turkish tribes, called Kara-Khitai (or "Black Cathay"--Black being a term of honor at the time).
	www.philaprintshop.com /presjohn.html (1201 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		As an army is able to fight-then move- then fight again; it took one turn to all but eliminate all of my "active" armies (those within my control).On the one occasion that I was able to retreat, the Mongols simply followed up their attack and destroyed me on my second go round.
		By the end of the first turn, I was left with one unit on the border of Kara Khitai.
		This was only because the Mongols had run out of operations points.
	grognard.com /reviews1/khan.txt (530 words)

	The Travels of Marco Polo Volume 1 by Marco and Rustichello of Pisa Polo eBook by BookRags
		In the narrative of the former, Unc is only connected with King or Prester John; in that of the latter, rehearsing the story as heard some 20 or 25 years later, the two are identified.
		The shadowy role of Prester John has passed from the Ruler of Kara Khitai to the Chief of the Keraits.
		We have already spoken of the extensive diffusion of Nestorian Christianity in Asia during the early and Middle Ages.
	www.bookrags.com /ebooks/10636/462.html (437 words)

	Yellow Peril & Asian Male Threat \| Asian American Poll \| GoldSea
		The Khorezm Turkic kingdom often faced military threats and defeats from the neighboring Kara-Khitai (a Buddhist Chinese-Mongol dynasty ruling in Xinjiang).
		And, the Khitai themselves were earlier driven out of northern China by the Jurchens (a Manchu people).
		Later, the last Khorezm Shah (Tuglug was his name???) was chased across the Middle East by the Mongols.
	www.goldsea.com /Poll/Threat/threat_11231.html (970 words)

	Kashgar - China-related Topics KA-KD - China-Related Topics
		Kashgar passed through a troublous time, and in 1514, on the invasion of the Khan Sultan Said, was destroyed by Mirza Ababakar, who with the aid of ten thousand men built the new fort with massive defences higher up on the banks of the Tuman river.
		The dynasty of the Jagatai Khans collapsed in 1572 by the dismemberment of the country between rival representatives; and soon after two powerful Khoja factions, the White and Black Mountaineers (Ak and Kara Taghiuk), arose, whose dissensions and warfares, with the intervention of the Kalmucks of Dzungaria, fill up the history till 1759.
		In 1759 a Chinese army from Ili (Kulja) invaded the country, and, after perpetrating wholesale massacres, finally consolidated their authority by settling therein Chinese emigrants, together with a Manchu garrison.
	www.famouschinese.com /virtual/Kashgar (4016 words)

	Rise of Nations Heaven: Mongols
		In 1218 A.D. he was ready to resume his conquests, but by then he had lost interest in China and instead turned his attention towards the west.
		He sent a general named Chepe to conquer the Kara Khitai Empire, as a stepping stone toward the Kwarazm Empire in Persia.
		The previous year, a band of Mongol merchants were murdered in a Kwarasm city.
	ron.heavengames.com /gameinfo/nations/mongol/mongol.shtml (5084 words)

	Slide #258 Monograph
		Oppert has satisfactorily shown that this mysterious personage was Yeliutashe of the Liao dynasty, which ruled in Northern China from 906 to 1125.
		Having been expelled by the Koreans, Yeliutashe went forth with part of his horde, and founded the Empire of the Kara Khitai, which at one time extended from the Altai to Lake Aral, and assumed the title of Korkhan.
		The King George in Tenduk, whom Marco Polo describes as a successor of Presbyter John, was actually a relative of this Yeliutashe who had remained in the original seats of the tribe not far from the Hwang-ho, and of Kuku-kotan, where the Kutakhtu Lama of the Mongols resided when Gerbillon visited the place in 1688.
	www.henry-davis.com /MAPS/LMwebpages/258mono.html (8527 words)

	Digital Fine Art - National Library of South Africa - Maps (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Because Prester John's name and his kingdom appear so often on early maps of Africa it is highly appropriate that a descriptive history of this mythical figure should be included.
		`About 1150 A.D. a rumour spread through Europe that somewhere in Asia there was a powerful Christian emperor named Presbyter Johannes (with the court title of `Gurkhan'), who had founded the kingdom of Kara Khitai.
		He had broken the power of the Musselman in his own domain after a fierce and bloody fight.
	www.digital-fine-art.co.za /NLSAMaps.htm (4019 words)

	Rise of Nations Heaven: Turks
		A Turkish revival in the 1140's nullified many of the Christian gains, but the Seljuks began to face a new threat in the form of the Mongols.
		The first wave of Mongols established the Kara Khitai Empire, which took much of Transoxania from the Seljuks, while the Kwarazm Shah took over Persia establishing the Kwarasm Empire.
		The second Mongol invasion would come early in the 13th Century.
	ron.heavengames.com /gameinfo/nations/turks/turks.shtml (5049 words)

	Rare Old Maps and Sea Charts of Africa by Grace Galleries Inc
		The map is decorated with elephants, a monkey and long legged birds.
		From the year 1150, it was rumoured that a powerful Christian emperor named Presbyter Johannes had founded the Kingdom of Kara Khitai somewhere in Asia.
		The mysterious Priest-King became a symbol of hope in the Christian world beset by the Mongols.
	www.gracegalleries.com /Africa_Listings.htm (2932 words)

	[No title]
		No final answer to this question has yet been found.
		Part of the Kara Khitai professed the Nestorian Christian faith, while part adhered to Buddhism.
		Into this situation, rendered even more dismal by the failure of the second crusade of 1147/8, there burst a sensation of the first magnitude which set the chancelleries of Europe buzzing: the Greek Emperor Manuel, the Roman Emperor Frederick, the Pope, and other Christian sovereigns received a letter from the priest-king John!
	muweb.millersville.edu /~columbus/data/nts/HERRMANN.NTS (11154 words)

	Mirza Muhammad Haidar (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Moghulistan, Kara Khitai, Turkistan and Mavara-un-Nahr [were given] to Chaghatai Khan...
		In the same manner he distributed his army and his Amirs; and in that division, the Doghlat [the author's family] fell to the lot of Chaghatai, who entrusted to them Mangalai Sunak, which means "facing the sun".
		In Khotan there are two rivers, called Kara Kash and Urung Kash,
	depts.washington.edu /~uwch/silkroad/texts/rash1.html (21457 words)

	CNN - Black History Month
		When they invaded Eastern Europe, they were called the "fl tartars."
		James Brunson, an authority on the fl racial presence in China, said, "These fls referred to themselves as 'kara khitai' and would later take possession of the Steppe region, north of the Black Sea."
		In 1851, 32-year-old slave Biddy Mason moved to California with her master, his family and her three young daughters.
	www.cnn.com /EVENTS/black_history/29days.html (3053 words)

	Higham Press Show Results : Windsor 2005 - Tibetan Spaniel (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		VHC: 3384 Mesdames JEFFREY, B & HOLMAN, J Baskwood Kara Ki Kuli at Velrok
		2nd: 3409 Mrs M J MARSDEN Ch Appalachee Narmo-Chang-Po 3rd: 3425 Mr B, Mrs A & Miss M RILEY Baskwood Kara Khitai
		Res: 3387 Miss M C JENKINS, Mrs D & HOURIHANE Amcross Pharee
	www.highampress.co.uk /windsor/tibspan.htm (667 words)

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