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	:: APMN \| mountains - The Karakoram ::
		The name Karakoram (fl gravel or stone) is derived from the Karakoram Pass (5,570m) which does not even cross the main range but lies further east.
		The high mountains are bounded by the Indus gorge and the Ladakh Range to the south, desolate plateau to the east, the Aghil Mountains to the north, and the Hindu Kush westwards beyond the Kurumbur River.
		Structurally, the Karakoram Range is composed of three units: the northern sedimentary zone, the central metamorphic zone with a plutonic core, and the southern volcanic schist zone.
	www.mtnforum.org /apmn/new_website/mountains/ch2_karakoram.php (549 words)

	Karakoram - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Karakoram is a mountain range spanning the borders between Pakistan, China, and India, located in the regions of Gilgit, Ladakh and Baltistan.
		The Karakoram is bounded on the northeast by the edge of the Tibetan Plateau, and on the north by the Wakhan Corridor and the Pamir Mountains.
		The southern boundary of the Karakoram is formed by the Gilgit, Indus, and Shyok Rivers, which separate the range from the northwestern end of the Himalaya range proper.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Karakoram (630 words)

	Pictgallery-2
		Mountaineers on a glacier floor among the snow-covered peaks of mountains in Pakistan.
		The Shimshal river valley, downstream from Shimshal in the Karakoram mountains of northern Pakistan.
		Boltoro Glacier in Himalayas, Pakistan The Boltoro Glacier in the Karakoram Himalayas.
	www.geocities.com /irf_ade/Pictgallery-2.html (518 words)

	List of mountains in Pakistan - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Five of the fourteen highest independent peaks in the world (the eight-thousanders) are in Pakistan (four of which lie in the surroundings of Concordia; the confluence of Baltoro Glacier and Godwin Austen Glacier).
		A popular and intuitive way to distinguish mountains from subsidiary peaks is by their height above the highest saddle connecting it to a higher summit, a measure called topographic prominence or re-ascent (the higher summit is called the "parent peak").
		Most of the highest mountains in Pakistan are located in the Karakoram range, but some high mountains are in Himalaya (the highest of which is Nanga Parbat, globally ranked 9th, 8126 m) and Hindu Kush (the highest of which is Tirich Mir, globally ranked 33rd, 7708 m).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/List_of_mountains_in_Pakistan (943 words)

	* Askole Treks & Tours – Karakoram *
		The Karakoram, the ‘Black Gravel Mountains’, this great and splendid collection of gloomy brown and fl metamorphic rocks is the most unrivaled mountain range.
		It is considered to extend from Wakhjir pass at the junctions of the pamirs and Karakoram to Khawak pass North of Kabul.
		These misty phantoms, on a mountain massif which makes its own weather and is often mistaken as an entire range, were described by the late Sherpa Tenzing Norgay, conqueror of Everest with Sir Edmund Hillary, as ‘a cloud of fear of death.
	www.askole.com /karakoram.html (964 words)

	Pakistan Travel Web > Destinations > Mountains & Valleys > Karakoram Highway
		The Karakoram Highway or KKH in short, is the greatest wonder of modern Pakistan.
		The Karakoram and the Himalayas, the newest mountain ranges in the world, began to form some 5 million years ago when the Indian sub-continent drifted northwards and rammed into the Asian landmass.
		Karakoram is Turkish for 'crumbling rock'; an apt description for the giant, gray, snow-capped slagheaps that towers above the gorges which cut between them.
	travel.web.pk /destinations/mountains_valleys/karakorum_highway.asp (897 words)

	Karakoram - Pictures of the Karakoram mountains of Pakistan
		The Karakoram mountains of Pakistan mark the western end of the greater Himalayan mountain chain and contain the greatest concentration of high peaks on earth as well as the largest expanse of glacial ice outside the polar regions.
		The winter snows from these mountains provide the meltwater for the mighty River Indus that cuts through the Karakoram from its source in Tibet.
		The Karakoram is a mountain desert; a vast region of barren rock and ice, where jeep roads cut through valley systems to remote villages still many days walk from the high mountains.
	www.adventurephotographs.com /karakoram/index.asp (103 words)

	Karakoram Highway travel guide
		The souls that paved the way for the modern tarmac road named the Karakoram Highway still seem to flicker amongst the sharp moving shadows of the rocks and the almost countless but crumbly lucent glaciers that constantly embellish its existence.
		Although the Karakoram Highway inclines upwards the whole way to the pass it's not until you get close to Gilgit that you begin to feel as if you are in mountains.
		As most travellers consider the Karakoram highway and the Big Pakistan-China Friendship Road to be one and the same, I have done so in this guide, with the exception that I refer to the Chinese road(s) by their route numbers.
	www.world66.com /asia/southasia/pakistan/karakoram_highway (1358 words)

	SummitPost - Pakistan's Karakoram -- Climbing, Hiking & Mountaineering
		The dividing line between Karakorams and Hindukush is perhaps 36 - 49 north and 74 - 03 east.
		There is no other mountain range in the world which has such a large concentration of lofty peaks in a small area like Karakoram.
		The mountains receive very little monsoons as they are situated far away from the western Himalayas.
	www.summitpost.org /area/range/170996/pakistan-s-karakoram.html (298 words)

	Homepage of Vladimir Dinets-Pakistan
		With a few exceptions, its lowland areas are of interest only for desert biologists and archaeologists, but the mountains up north are among the most scenic and diverse parts of our planet.
		Unlike the plains of Pakistan, which are now almost devoid of wildlife, the mountains still contain rare animals such as snow leopard (Panthera uncia), Tibetan brown bear (Ursus arctos pruinosus), three species of wild sheep and three species of ibex.
		In October, the weather is better, the fall colors are stunning, and there are no people in high valleys (the herds are already moving towards winter pastures).
	dinets.travel.ru /pakistan.htm (506 words)

	Karakoram '99: Climbing the Baltoro Glacier (Site not responding. Last check: )
		In 1958, Fosco Mariani, the great Italian climber described the Karakoram as the "World's Greatest Museum in Shape and Form." The crown jewel of the Karakoram is K2 (8,611 meters), the world's second highest peak.
		Karakoram peaks have nicknames that evoke fear and passion: "Savage Mountain" for K2, "Killer Mountain" for Nanga Parbat (8,125 meters) "Shining Wall" for Gasherbrum IV (7,929 meters) and "Bride's Peak" for Chogolisa (7,665 meters), which is the feminine analog for Chogori, K2, its neighbor and wife in local folklore.
		There is no sleep as it grinds over the tortuous Karakoram highway to the blast of Urdu lovesongs and smell of thick diesel fumes dancing in the sky.
	classic.mountainzone.com /climbing/99/karakoram/index.html (1058 words)

	WCPA Mountains
		The mountaineers from India and Pakistan will also use this opportunity to highlight the need to protect key areas in the Karakoram Mountains which continue to be affected by armed conflicts.
		Sher Khan is from Hunza and is an internationally recognised high-altitude mountaineer.
		Most mountain huts in the Swiss Alps are owned and managed by the Swiss Alpine Club (SAC) which has almost 100'000 members and 152 mountain huts and is one of the oldest bodies in Switzerland helping people to enjoy mountains responsibly.
	www.iucn.org /themes/wcpa/biome/mountain/peaceclimb.htm (3112 words)

	FORESTS OF PAKISTAN (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Pakistan is an oblong stretch of land between the Arabian sea and Karakoram mountains, lying diagonally between 24° N and 37° N latitudes and 61° E and 75° E longitudes, and covering an area of 87.98 million hectares.
		Topographically, the country has a continuous massive mountainous tract in the north, the west and south-west and a large fertile plain, the Indus plain.
		The western mountain ranges, not so high as in the north, comprise the Sufed Koh and the Sulaiman while the south-western ranges forming a high, dry and cold Balochistan plateau.
	www.fao.org /DOCREP/W7704E/w7704e02.htm (477 words)

	Pictgallery
		The peaks close to Gasherbrum II (26,360 feet), in the Karakoram Himalaya mountains, Pakistan.
		The Chitral valley in the Hindu Raj mountains of north west Pakistan.
		The peaks near Gasherbrum II (26,360 feet), in the Karakoram Himalaya mountains.
	www.geocities.com /irf_ade/Pictgallery.html (495 words)

	Bibilography: Glacier Studies in the Karakoram
		Derbyshire, E. (1984) Sedimentological analysis of glacial and proglacial debris: a framework for the study of Karakoram glaciers.
		Longstaff, T.G. (1910) Glacier exploration in the Eastern Karakoram.
		MacDonald, K.I. (1989) Impacts of glacier-related landslides on the settlement at Hopar, Karakoram Himalaya.
	nsidc.org /pubs/gd/29/2.4.html (4119 words)

	Tourism in Northern Pakistan's Karakoram & Hindukush Mountains
		The Karakoram and Hindukush, at the western end of the great mountain chain of South Asia and Central Asia, contain the greatest concentration of high peaks and the greatest expanse of glaciers of any mountain range outside the subpolar zones of our planet.
		These mountains are also home to a kaleidoscope of people, whose diversity and uniqueness offer a personal counterpoint to the immensity of the physical terrain and climate extremes.
		Our reward has been the most spectacular mountain scenery in the world and the gracious warmth and hospitality of the people we have met.
	www.mockandoneil.com /about-kh.htm (339 words)

	Roof of the Earth
		The Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding mountainsthe Himalaya on the south, the Kun Lun on the north, and the Pamir and Karakoram on the westcomprise the largest, loftiest, and youngest highland on the Earth (Figure 1).
		As mountains uplift, the eroded rocks are deposited in the foreland basins in the north of the Indian Peninsula as well as in the marine basins in the Indian Ocean (the Indus and Bengal fans).
		Geomorphic analysis of mountain terrains by space-based imagery techniques was also discussed, and the role of tectonic activities in the geomorphic development of river systems was examined.
	www.agu.org /sci_soc/EOSsokhabi.html (1520 words)

	Karakorum Himalaya: A Bibliography (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Thorsell and Harrison's (1995) vast compilation of all mountain protected areas in the world and the criteria by which they were created is regarded as the foundation for the designation of future protected areas where natural heritage is dominant.
		The Greater Himalaya mountains were known for their role in acting as conduits for the trade between South, and Central and Inner Asia.
		Mercer, J.H. "Glaciers of the Karakoram." In Mountain Glaciers of the Northern Hemisphere, edited by W.O. Field, 371-409.
	lda.ucdavis.edu /people/websites/allan/book/allanbook.html (13895 words)

	About KE
		The Tien Shan mountains in North West China were first visited in 1987 and a year later, the first expedition to the trekking peaks of Nepal was made.
		By 1990 The Karakoram Experience’s success at attracting adventurers worldwide, was marked with the opening of an office in Colorado, USA, under the guidance of Mark Van Alstine and Andy Crisconi.
		The increasing demand for treks, climbs and mountain biking worldwide meant that although significant, Pakistan was now but a part of the KE story.
	www.keadventure.com /about_ke (452 words)

	Journal of Glaciology, Vol
		It is one of the main transverse tributaries feeding into the northern margin of Hispar Glacier, which is 62 km long and flows west from Hispar Pass (5150m) and eventually drains into the Hunza River (Fig.1).
		Hispar Glacier flows roughly parallel to the southern contact of the Karakoram granite batholith, which corresponds to a belt of mountains with the highest average elevation and the fastest uplift-erosion rates anywhere in Asia (Searle, 1991).
		Pumarikish Glacier is fed predominantly by avalanches, which originate from the north faces of Pumarikish (7429m) and Khinyang Chhish (7854m) on the northern and western edges of the basin, and from the lower unnamed peaks of the eastern margin.
	www.ccrc.sr.unh.edu /~cpw/Searle93/searle.html (1245 words)

	PUBLICATIONS LIST
		England, P.C. and Searle, M.P. The Cretaceous - Tertiary deformation of the Lhasa block and its implications for the crustal thickening in Tibet.
		Searle, M.P. Geology and Tectonics of the Karakoram Mountains.
		Crawford, M.B. and Searle, M.P. Collision-related granitoid magmatism and crustal structure of the Hunza Karakoram, north Pakistan.
	www.earth.ox.ac.uk /~mikes/publications.html (2694 words)

	Mountains
		Mountains are found all over the world, including in the ocean.
		Mountains usually have steep, sloping sides and sharp or slightly rounded ridges and peaks.
		This site explains that the mountains were the culmination of several geologic events: the formation of the rocks through hundreds of millions of years, the repeated uplift of the mountains by gigantic tectonic forces, and millions of years of erosion by water and ice that sculpted the mountains into their present forms.
	www.42explore.com /mountain.htm (1282 words)

	Fly Fishing at Fandhar, Pakistan in the Karakoram mountains
		I then flew across the Karakoram mountain range to Gilgit, one of the most beautiful but dangerous flights in the world.
		Whilst in Gilgit, I hired a jeep and driver from 'Pamir Tours' for a fishing trip, and took 11 hours starting at 5am to travel about 50 miles; through Gulpis to Fandhar which is in the 'disputed territory' region.
		The colour of the river is milky, due to its composition of snow melt.
	eis.bris.ac.uk /~cckhrb/pakistan/fandhar.htm (1298 words)

	Karakoram highway - road through the Himalayan and Karakoram mountains Saturday Evening Post - Find Articles (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Karakoram highway - road through the Himalayan and Karakoram mountains
		The newest, oldest road in the world, traveled by Marco Polo yet shrouded in mystery, closed because of tense politics as well as the formidable Himalayan and Karakoram mountains, is now open.
		The Karakoram Highway, 1,000 panoramic kilometers of isolated cultures and striking topography, penetrates China from the west, via the ancient Silk Road, to the trading oasis of Kashi.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m1189/is_n2_v260/ai_6323953 (917 words)

	David Butz
		And since the mid 19th century (between 1835 and 1876), Karakoram communities have had regular visits from European soldiers and adventurers, many of whom sought to explore those territories that were removed from well-travelled trade routes.
		To a large extent, these visitors to and through the Karakoram relied (and often still do) on local porters (coolies, "sherpas") to transport them and their possessions through rugged and roadless terrain, and to the tops of mountains.
		Finally, we have conducted detailed ethnographic research in two Karakoram communities (Shimshal and Askole), in order to access and examine indigenous discursive configurations and their association with instrumental portering relations, and also to delineate the micro-level geographical dimensions of portering relations and associated discourses.
	www.brocku.ca /geography/people/Butz/default.htm (1780 words)

	* Adventure Tours Pakistan - The Grand Karakoram Mountain Traverse Trek *
		Trekking in the Karakoram Mountains is a wonderful experience, but trekking to Concordia is a journey of lifetime, Galen Rowell described Concordia as the "throne room of the mountain gods".
		The trek is located in the heart of the mighty Karakoram and offers magnificent view of snow-caped mountains.
		KKH is built in the Rocky Mountains which is a miracle of mankind on earth.
	www.atp.com.pk /treks/the-grand-karakoram-traverse.htm (604 words)

	Amazon.com: The Karakoram: Mountains of Pakistan: Books: Shiro Shirahata (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Mountain photography can't get any better than this.
		If you are an arms chair mountaineer or a high altitute climber this could be an inspiration you are looking for to get to the next level.
		If you are a mountain lover, this book will be perfect on your coffee table.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/093856725X?v=glance (730 words)

	* Askole Treks & Tours – Trekking in Pakistan *
		The lofty mountains ranges of Karakoram, Himalayas, and Hindukush offer great opportunities for Trekking, which are unparalleled in the world.
		The Karakoram Highway and other subsidiary roads have made it easier and quicker to reach starting point of the treks into the region.
		Many of the treks pass through violent and craggy mountains vistas, lead over long glaciers and finish at the base of a high peak.
	askole.hypermart.net /trekking.html (202 words)

	South Asian Mountain Exploration
		The renowned Pakistani mountaineer Nazir Sabir said that we were the first people in 60 years to cross the pass and thereby open a new trekking route.
		Saltoro Valley, 1982 - Saltoro Mountains in the Eastern Karakoram
		Kondus Valley, 1977 - Saltoro Mountains in the Eastern Karakoram
	www.mockandoneil.com /explore.htm (676 words)

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