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Topic: Karaism

	JewishEncyclopedia.com - KARAITES AND KARAISM: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Karaism had been introduced into Spain by a certain Ibn Altaras, who carried it to Castile, where his successors, and chiefly his widow (!), apparently were too outspoken in their attacks upon Rabbinism, for the new heresy was soon suppressed by two influential Judæo-Spanish statesmen—Joseph Farissol and Judah ibn Ezra.
		This ephemeral appearance of Karaism on Spanish soil was fruitful for Jewish historical literature, for it induced the philosophically trained Abraham ibn Daud of Toledo to write his "Sefer ha-Ḳabbalah" (1161), which is invaluable for the history of the Jews in Spain.
		Karaism is not, as asserted by its opponents, the outcome of mere personal ambition, but the natural reaction and counter-movement against Talmudism brought to a state of stagnation in the Saborean and early geonic period.
	www.jewishencyclopedia.com /view.jsp?artid=108&letter=K&search=Karaites (6244 words)

	Karaite Judaism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		According to historian Salo Wittmayer Baron, the number of Jews affiliating with Karaism comprised as much as 10 percent of world Jewry, and debates between Rabbinic and Karaitic leaders were not uncommon.
		Karaism has produced a vast library of commentaries and polemics, especially during its "Golden Age." These writings prompted new and complete defenses of the Talmud and Mishna, the culmination of these in the writings of Saadia Gaon and his criticisms of Karaism.
		Though he opposed Karaism, the Rabbinic commentator Abraham Ibn Ezra regularly quoted Karaite commentators, particularly Yefet ben Ali, to the degree that a legend exists among some Karaites that Ibn Ezra was ben Ali's student.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Karaism (1765 words)

	Karaite Liturgy
		The birthplace of Karaism was on Persian soil and this geographical area appears to have influenced the movement or at least provided fertile soil for the rise of sectarianism.
		The newest stipulation regarding the origins of Karaism is that there were at least two “groups” composed of the Ananites, the immediate followers or family of Anan, and the Karaites, who were themselves the result of several coalescing groups reflecting degrees of contempt against the legitimacy of Gaonic leadership.
		Karaism’s view on prayer was influenced by a desire and conviction to recapture what the Karaites saw as an unadulterated form of Jewish life.
	www.karaites-usa.org /Studies_On/karaite_liturgy.htm (4072 words)

	Karaite Korner - Home of the World Karaite Movement!
		Karaism is the original form of Judaism as prescribed by God in the Torah.
		Karaism does not reject Biblical interpretation but rather holds every interpretation up to the same objective scrutiny regardless of its source.
		Keepers of Karaism or Karaite Judaism are known as Karaites or Karaite Jews or in Hebrew as Karaim.
	www.karaite-korner.org (135 words)

	Karaites
		Karaism developed under the leadership of Anan ben David, Benyamin al-Nahawendi, and Daniel al-Qumisi (See Leon Nemoy, Karaite Anthology, Introduction).
		Karaism relies solely on the Tanakh (Hebrew Bible) as the basis for religious law.
		They reject the authority of the Jewish oral law, and as such in most cases they do not rely on the Mishna and Talmud, or any of the rabbinic works that stem from the Talmud.
	www.teachtime.com /en/wikipedia/k/ka/karaites.html (190 words)

	Scripture and Schism Online Exhibit at JTS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Karaism came onto the scene at a time when the Talmud had been completed but had not yet taken root in the Jewish communities throughout the Diaspora.
		As Karaism began to spread, it shifted westward to Jerusalem, where it was freer to pursue its own religious and intellectual ideals unimpeded.
		In Jerusalem, Karaism embarked on a period of systematization and extraordinary literary productivity that scholars have named "the golden age of Karaite literature" because of the plethora of biblical commentaries, sermons, polemics, and legal works the nascent Karaite community produced there.
	www.jtsa.edu /library/exhib/scrips/05.shtml (406 words)

	Karaism
		Most scholars believe that Karaism grew out of a revolt among Jews in 8th century BCE Persia.
		The Karaites themselves believe that their orientation goes back to certain groups of the Second Temple of Jerusalem, and that they represent the original form of Judaism, free from later theological inventions.
		The main difference between Karaism and mainstream Judaism is that they reject the Oral Law, the Mishnah and the Talmud.
	i-cias.com /e.o/karaism.htm (720 words)

	[No title]
		The more Karaism and its driving ethos are examined in the context of rabbinic Judaism rather than “sectarian” Judaism or Islam, the less probable becomes the supposed impact of Second Temple sects (or Shiite Islam, for that matter) on Karaism.
		Conclusions The driving force behind Karaism, and its major raison d’être lay in the conviction that the rabbinic Sages of the post-biblical era and their followers in talmudic and geonic times had committed a grave error that amounted to a religious sin.
		Karaism admitted certain concepts of oral transmission and consensus for the sake of regulation and unification. Medieval Karaite exegesis and rhetorical consciousness is essentially different from the modes of interpreting Scripture that developed in Judaism between the Second Temple and early Islamic periods.
	www.biu.ac.il /JS/JSIJ/4-2005/Polliack.doc (7169 words)

	Yad Ben-Zvi
		This led the author to use the rich and variegated literature of Karaism for the purpose of illuminating the literary remains of the
		The interpretation of Qumranism in the light of Karaism is consequently one of the aims of the present book.
		Especially the theological aspects of Karaism, when viewed from the vantage-point of Qumran, appear in a new light, and themes, beliefs and concepts hitherto wholly unnoticed make their appearance and thus add fresh and salient features to the Karaite physiognomy.
	www.ybz.org.il /?ArticleID=1073 (456 words)

	Lietuvos karaimai: Religija (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Karaim religion Karaism is actually a pure faith of the Old Testament which dogmas are built on truth written in Bible, that does not accept any authorities commenting on these holy texts orally or in written.
		It derives from the word 'kara' which in Arabic and Hebrew languages means 'to read', ' to recite the Holy Writ'.
		Religious doctrine of Karaism was strongly influenced by Islam – from it were taken the principle of analogy (kyjas), of trusting human free will, the principles of religious terms (avoiding anthropomorphic descriptions and replacing them by symbolic concepts), some religious dogmas (kybla), separate concepts (kurban).
	daugenis.mch.mii.lt /karaimai/religion.htm (397 words)

	Karaim Home Page
		Karaism is Mosaism, an independent, non sectarian, monotheistic religion of Abraham.
		Prince Bulan, the ruling Khagan of the Turkish Khazar Empire (not the whole Khazar population) was converted to Karaism by Isaac Sangari, whose grave is in the Karaim cemetery, Balti timez, in Josophate valley of Chufut-Kale (Qirq Yer) in Bakhchisarai, Crimea.
		There is another supposition that the conversion of local inhabitants of Crimea to Karaism occurred not in Khazar times, but later, during or after the Mongol rule, under the influence of the newcomers from Byzantium.
	www.turkiye.net /sota/karaim.html (548 words)

	Talk:Karaite Judaism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Some claim that he founded Karaism, yet Arab historical records mention the Karaites before his lifetime, and after his lifetime mention the Karaites and the Ananites (the followers of Anan ben David) as two seperate groups.
		If we define Karaism as a Jewish school of thought which believes that the only divine books containing Jewish law can be found in the TaNaKh, then it is clear that Karaism started before the name was attached to it.
		After converting to Karaism, Ya'qub paved the way for the rebirth of early Nazarene Judaism in the form of a modern Karaite sect, Nazarene Karaism (AKA Qaryanism).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Talk:Karaite_Judaism (3680 words)

	Khazar-Karaim Relationship
		Karaism originated partly in Iran, near the borders of the Khazar empire at the time (or very soon after) part of the Khazars converted to Judaism.
		Not even at the peak of messianic excitement was an attempt made to equate the expected Khazar saviors with the forces of Karaism.
		Such a situation would not only be inconceivable if there were any truth to the allegation of the Khazars' affiliation with the Karaite synagogue, but it actually stands in glaring contrast to the historic alliance of sectarianism and messianism in the early centuries of Jewish experience under Islam.
	www.turkiye.net /sota/karakhaz.htm (1153 words)

	Jewish History - An Essay in the Philosophy of History By S. M. Dubnow- Chapter 12 from Nalanda Digital Library at NIT ...
		In the later period, as in the earlier, the aim was the capitalization of the accumulated spiritual treasures, an undertaking that gives little occasion for movement and life, but all the more for endurance and industry.
		The weakness of its positive principles hindered the spread of Karaism, keeping it forever within the narrow limits of a sect and consigning it to stagnation.
		True to their motto: "Search diligently in the Holy Scriptures," the adherents of Karaism applied themselves to the rational study of the Bible, which had come to be, among the Talmudists, the object of casuistic interpretation and legendary adornment.
	www.nalanda.nitc.ac.in /resources/english/etext-project/history/jewhist/chapter12.html (1230 words)

	Karaism
		While Karaism is usually traced to mid-eighth-century Iraq, the early history remains murky.
		The sect crystallized in the Islamic East during the late ninth and early tenth centuries, calling forth stern reactions from the leaders of mainstream rabbinic Judaism.
		Karaism became truly scholastic with the assimilation of works emanating from the Mu'tazilite school of Basra.
	www.muslimphilosophy.com /ip/rep/J052.htm (1571 words)

	Karaite Korner - History of Karaism
		Karaism has been around since God gave his laws to the Jewish people.
		At first those who followed YHWH's laws were merely called "Righteous" and it was only in the 9th century CE that they came to be called Karaites.
		On the other hand, those Jews who continued to practice the Tanach-based religion of their anscestors became known as Bnei Mikra ("Followers of Scripture") which was also abbreviated as Karaim ("Scripturalists"), in English "Karaites".
	www.karaite-korner.org /history.shtml (1099 words)

	Tzidukim And Karaim - Hashkafah.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Karaism began WAY before the time of the rishonim, before the year 800, during the time of the Geonim.
		The founder of Karaism was the renegade Anan ben David.
		The job went to his brother, Chananya, and Anan was so angry that he went and founded his own religion, Karaism.
	www.hashkafah.com /index.php?act=findpost&pid=111698 (2410 words)

	The Karaites & 1844
		Karaism typically kept their feasts a month later than other Jews.
		However, the critics claim that the Karaites were no longer using their special form of reckoning in 1844.
		When Karaism arose, it reverted back to the original way of calculating the beginning of the year.
	www.pickle-publishing.com /papers/karaite-reckoning-1844.htm (2502 words)

	WHAT IS KARAISM? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Karaite Judaism or Karaism is the original faith of the Hebrew Scriptures (Old Testament).
		Karaism is not a "monolithic" faith in which every believer agrees on every detail of understanding of Scripture.
		Because the burden of interpretation rests on the individual and not a central authority it is inevitable that there will be differences of interpretation and understanding.
	homepage.ntlworld.com /john.hill4/karaism.htm (1116 words)

	The JOI Bulletin Board - Interfaith Issues - Names, addresses, contact people
		Yes very difficult I don't know what to do Karaism is more traditional than Reform/ Conservative because neither R or C believe Oral or Written Torah is from G-d they say it is man made with divine inspiration.
		"Karaism proclaimed the Bible to be self-explanatory and sanctioned personal interpretations of the Scriptures.
		There are philosophical differences between the Traditional Jewish attitude to the Talmud and the Karaite attitude to their own laws, but in practice the effect is much the same.
	www.joi.org /cgi-bin/bigtalker/discussion.cgi?forum=5&discussion=8 (1075 words)

	Reform Karaism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Reform Karaism believers started calling themselves such in the early 2000s.
		Because of this, Reform Karaism has little problem in regards to its age – our perspective is that God brings things to pass in the time he believes is right.
		Strictly speaking, Reform Karaism tends to deny unity in belief apart from the essential basic beliefs of the movement – those being a belief in God and a liberal approach to the Hebrew Scriptures.
	www.geocities.com /reformkaraism (815 words)

	Commentary Magazine - Some Recent Jewish Books (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Karaism, an anti-talmudic and antirabbinic movement, arose among the Jews of Babylonia more than a thousand years ago and flourished there, in Palestine, and in Egypt for a few centuries....
		...For this impressive work, the first volume in a series that will cover the history of Karaism in Europe to our days, the author had to be a good deal of a Byzantinist too...
		...The different stages of what was later to receive the unitary name of Karaism, the Jewishness of the Karaites, and the attraction and repulsion between Karaites and Rabbanites come through clearly...
	www.commentarymagazine.com /Summaries/V30I3P100-1.htm (880 words)

	Jewish, Jewish, Everywhere, & not a drop to drink
		Logic and fairness would dictate that you reject him because he does "not" speak for Karaism, or he is an embarrassment to Karaism.
		Simshalom says: Karaism rejects Reform Judaism and Conservative Judaism by claiming to be "closer" to Orthodox Judaism at the same time that it rejects the views of Orthodox Judaism.
		Karaism is its own movement, with its own ideas on how to be properly religious.
	simshalom.blogspot.com /2004/05/karaites-debating-their-status-as-jews.html (7310 words)

	RADIO FREE EUROPE/ RADIO LIBERTY (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Prague, 22 July 2003 (RFE/RL) -- Karaims are the descendants of Kypchak tribes who lived in the tribal union of the Khazar empire in the Crimea between the eighth and 10th centuries.
		In the eighth century, the Karaims converted to a form of Judaism known as Karaism, which may be described as a return to the roots or "sola scriptura."
		The sect of Karaism to which the Karaims have belonged since the eighth century is known as Anan ben David, a form of Judaism that acknowledges the Old Testament, but rejects the Talmud.
	www.rferl.org /nca/features/2003/07/22072003165742.asp (1340 words)

	LookSmart - Directory - Karaism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Karaism - Learn about this Jewish sect that is known for its refusal to accept the oral Torah as divinely inspired.
		Visit this organization promoting a form of Judaism that has come to be known as Karaite Judaism with a goal of aiding Tanakh Study.
		Take a look at this exhibit examining the origins of Karaism and Samarianism in a complete and educational manner.
	lsxml.looksmart.com /p/browse/us1/us317837/us317918/us53348/us266002/us266003 (290 words)

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